The invention discloses a method for modeling a predictable physical model for fractured anisotropic oil reservoir water flooding development, and the method comprises the following steps: (a) establishing similarity criteria for simulating the fractured oil reservoir development according to characteristics of the process of fractured oil reservoir water flooding oil development and by utilizing theories of seepage mechanics and similarity analysis, wherein the similarity criteria comprise similarities in shape and space, shaft geometry, physical properties of rock, oil-water viscosity, gravity-pressure, matrix and fracture movable oil amount ratio, oil content distribution in matrix, matrix imbibition and fracture displacement characteristic time, imbibition intensity distribution and time process; (b) realizing the similarity criteria and a design method of model parameters; and (c) modeling an oil reservoir macroscopic physical model which meets the multiple similarities so as to comprehensively simulate and predict seepage characteristics and the development process of real fractured oil reservoir. A predictable physical simulation similarity criterion system for the fractured anisotropic oil reservoir is established, has comprehensive functions and is easy to realize.