101 results about "River model" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic measurement and in particular relates to a method for measuring a three-dimensional terrain. A key technology for the river model test is characterized in that: deformation of a river channel is monitored in real time in the river model test of hydraulic engineering. The method comprises the following steps of: on the basis of a binocular stereo vision principle, by using an image pick-up technology, a laser matrix light source tracing technology and a three-dimensional terrain reconstruction technology, measuring the three-dimensional morphology of a bed surface in the river model test in real time; integrating a digital video camera, a laser rectangular lattice tracing light spot transmitting device and a computer; by installing a system in a set mode, correcting camera parameters and projecting laser lattice light spots to the bed surface, tracing the bed surface of a river model, acquiring an image of the bed surface, and extracting and matching laser tracing points of a river bed in an economic, safe and high-quality mode; by using a computational formula, computing three-dimensional space coordinates of laser tracing light spots on the bed surface; and on the basis of the computer, by taking the three-dimensional space coordinates of all laser tracing light spots on the bed surface as media, generating a terrain map of the river model.

The invention relates to a system for measuring bed load silt discharge of a river model test. The system is arranged on a river model; a sand sinking pit (21) which vertically stretches downwards from an upper surface of a river sub-model is arranged on the river sub-model of the river model; at least one sand collection hopper (22) is arranged along a cross section of the river sub-model on the sand sinking pit (21); a larger opening end of each sand collection hopper (22) faces upwards and a small opening end faces downwards; a sand carrying basket (23) penetrates through the sand collection hopper (22) through a hanging rope (25) and is suspended on a weight measuring mechanism (24); and the weight measuring mechanism (24) measures underwater weight of the sand carrying basket (23) in a no-load manner and the underwater weight of the sand carrying basket (23) and the overall sand in the basket at different moments so as to obtain the bed load silt discharge of the river model test. According to the embodiment of the system, the bed load silt discharge of the river model test can be measured rapidly accurately in real time, thereby providing an accurate data basis for river research.

The invention relates to a three-dimensional observation device for scouring terrain, belonging to the field of terrain measurement and comprising a full-plane laser projector, an image collection device, a terrain image calibration device, a host lifting device, a fixed support structure and a power supply system, wherein the full-plane laser projector comprises a slot-shaped line type laser die set, a die set micro-adjusting bracket, a baffle board, a cover board, a laser distance meter and a universal joint; the terrain image calibration device comprises a spot type laser die set and a fixed supporting board; the image collection device comprises a computer, a digital camera, a camera gravity positioning box and a universal joint; the respective horizontal angle of the full-plane laser projector and the digital camera is automatically adjusted through the universal joint under the self-weight action so that the full-plane laser is in parallel to a horizontal plane; the principal optical axis of the camera is perpendicular to the horizontal plane; and the host lifting device controls the lifting of the full-plane laser projector in a step pitch setting mode. The integral set of the system has higher observation efficiency and precision, and is suitable for the research on the aspect of terrain three-dimensional analysis in a river model test.

The invention relates to a device for adding sand to suspended load in a river model test, and belongs to the field of hydraulic tests. The device mainly comprises a sand supply power system, a sand release device, a sand supply pipe and a return pipe, and is characterized by also comprising an integrated automatic control system, wherein the inlet and outlet of the sand supply power system is connected with the sand release device through the sand supply pipe and the return pipe to form a suspended load slurry conveying loop; and the integrated automatic control system is connected with the sand supply power system and the sand release device through a control line to monitor and adjust the suspended load slurry conveying process of the sand supply power system and the sand release device. By the device, the sand supply system is not blocked, backflow of a bypass pipe and the return pipe stirs a slurry tank, and a sand adding hole is not clogged under any experiment conditions; and the device can accurately meter the sand adding flow, and can fully automatically control to add the sand.

The invention relates to a real-time measurement device with sand-containing concentration and muddy water flow velocity vertically distributed in a river model test, and belongs to the field of water resources and hydropower engineering river model tests. The device is formed by a sand-containing concentration real-time measurement system and a muddy water flow velocity real-time measurement system in a coupling integration mode. The sand-containing concentration real-time measurement system comprises a laser device, a lens group, a light guiding fiber, and a high-resolution microspur camera. The muddy water flow velocity real-time measurement system comprises an integrated flow measuring pipe, a siphon pipe, a water filling pipe and a high-resolution micro-distortion camera. The two systems are integrated in a coupling mode, namely the two systems are mounted on the same testing support, and a computer and a synchronizer are used for controlling the two systems to carry out synchronous real-time measurement. The device has the advantages of being high in automation degree, high in precision, strong in adaptability to complex testing conditions and the like, the blank of synchronous real-time measurement equipment with sand-containing concentration and muddy water flow velocity vertically distributed is filled, and the device has important production application and popularization value.

The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring sediment group settling velocity and belongs to the field of river model tests. The device comprises a settling barrel, a plurality of pressure measurement devices and a computer, wherein the settling barrel is a cylindrical container which is placed perpendicularly and provided with a cross section of any shape; a plurality of pressure measurement holes are uniformly and perpendicularly formed in one side wall; no less than 3 pressure measurement holes are provided; the pressure measurement devices are perpendicularly mounted in the pressure measurement holes and are sealed with the side wall; centers of sensing elements of the pressure measurement devices are aligned with centers of the pressure measurement holes; the pressure measurement devices are connected with the computer; the pressure intensity is measured under the control of the computer; and a measurement result is returned to the computer for analysis and storage in real time. The method calculates a change process of the sediment concentration by measuring a change process of the pressure intensity, and the sediment group settling velocity is calculated further. According to the method and the device, the sediment group settling velocity in a sandy water body can be measured automatically, without interference and accurately.

The invention relates to a camera self-calibration technology-based river model topography measurement method and belongs to the technical field of river model measurement. The method includes the following steps that: a calibration board is manufactured and mounted, and auxiliary calibration sheets are manufactured and scattered, and pictures of a river model are taken, and feature points of the pictures are extracted, and all the pictures are matched with each other in pairs, and the feature points in the picture pairs are matched with each other based on feature distance; unreasonable matched identical name point pairs are eliminated, and one pair of pictures having the most matched identical name point pairs is selected, and camera parameters and the world coordinates of the matched identical name point pairs are calculated; and an optimization solution method is utilized to finely adjust the camera parameters of solved pictures, and sparse point cloud of the river model is calibrated, and dense point cloud of the river model is generated, and the topography of the river model can be generated according to three-dimensional coordinate data of the dense point cloud of the river model. The camera self-calibration technology-based river model topography measurement method of the invention has the advantages of high precision, convenient use and low cost.

The invention discloses an underwater distributive PTV flow field measurement system and a measurement method thereof. The system comprises a river model, tracer particles, a set of smart cameras, a set of POE switches, a wireless router and a flow field computing system. The tracer particles are evenly distributed in water flows of the river model, the smart cameras are installed above the surfaces of the water flows of the river model, the smart cameras are connected with the POE switches, the POE switches are connected with the wireless router, the wireless router is communicated with a wireless local area network card, and the flow filed computing system is connected with the wireless local area network card. The invention further provides an underwater distributive PTV flow field speed measurement method based on wireless measurement. According to the method, an algorithm is embedded in the smart cameras for processing, the measurement speed is improved, measurement data can be directly output, and the technical problems that in the prior art, the quantity of output image data is large, wireless measurement cannot be achieved, and instantaneous measurement cannot be achieved due to low processing speed are solved.

The present invention relates to a pollutant diffusion dynamic simulation method for water environment quality monitoring, and the pollutant diffusion dynamic simulation method comprises the following steps: establishing a river model; then calculating current concentration of pollutants in a measuring point in a zone according to a continuous stable emission model or an instantaneous emission model; and comparing the current concentration of the pollutants with environmental standards to determine a water quality grade, and applying a color to the zone in the river model. The pollutant diffusion dynamic simulation method is not limited by time and regions, more importantly, does not really cause water pollution, and pollutant diffusion conditions can be simulated at any time, so that strong reference information is provided for a best solution for plant location planning and urban development, according to different requirements, a number of parameters are set for the simulation of the pollutant diffusion conditions under different conditions so as to meet different needs.

The invention provides a method for making section boards in river model tests. The method comprises the steps as follows: drawing curve scripts; drawing the scripts by control points; marking the scripts by texts; running the scripts in an AutoCAD (Auto Computer Aided Design); drawing a plurality of the section boards and adjusting the positions; and making the section boards. According to the invention, the predetermined section shapes are recorded in a text form and drawn in a script form in the AutoCAD, so that the method can be very easily mastered by general engineering technicians without complex programming; the practical situations of general drawing printers and mould-making veneers are fully considered in the process of drawing the section boards, so that the method is stronger in practicality and lower in cost; and the method is simple in technical principle and easy to operate, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources, greatly improves the efficiency of making the section boards, avoids errors caused by manual drawing of section data, and is worthy of popularization and application in a large amount of the river model tests in the future.

The invention relates to a river model plastic grass roughening method. The method includes: using plastic grass, calculating roughening distance according to model roughness and water depth and a calculating formula, and roughening the surface of a model on the basis of the distance, wherein in the formula, n refers to model roughness, H refers to model water depth, and L refers to plastic grass roughening distance. The method has the advantages that the plastic grass is used for roughening, elasticity of the plastic grass is close to bottomland vegetation, necessary parameters (roughness and water depth) are tested through a river model to determining plastic grass roughening distance, labor and time consumption caused by blindness of plastic grass cushion and traditional plastic grass roughening are avoided, and the roughening method is simple and practical.

The invention belongs to the technical field of river environmental protection and discloses a drainage basin pollutant monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof. The drainage basin pollutantmonitoring system comprises a monitoring platform, a plurality of monitoring stations and a plurality of detection units. The method comprises the following steps of S1, establishing a river model ofa current drainage basin, and marking the positions of the monitoring stations, the positions of the detection units and altitude data; S2, collecting river water quality data and river surface garbage data; and S3, on the basis of a river model, transmitting the river water quality data and the river surface garbage data in the same flow direction to a monitoring station located at an upstream junction point of the flow direction for analysis and processing to obtain main pollutants, pollution levels and pollution source positions of the main flow and each branch flow, and sending the main pollutants, the pollution levels and the pollution source positions to a monitoring platform for display. The method is advantaged in that problems that in the prior art, the consumption of manpower andmaterial resources is large, real-time performance is poor, and a pollution source cannot be accurately positioned are solved.

The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly pipeline laying construction analysis method for mudflat sections such as sludge, shallow water and the like. The method comprises thefollowing steps that S1, polyethylene pipeline stretching construction nonlinear numerical simulation is carried out, ABAQUS is adopted as a main tool for finite element analysis, and the ABAQUS hasrich unit libraries capable of simulating any shape and various types of material model libraries corresponding to the unit libraries; S2, analyzing the grouting pressure of the drag reduction slurrybased on ABAQUS, and establishing a three-dimensional river model, a pipeline model path and river grid division; and S3, analyzing the supporting pressure in the muddy water cabin based on ABAQUS. The invention mainly aims at an energy-saving and environment-friendly pipeline laying construction analysis method for mud shallow water and other mudflat sections. A series of problems of backward technical level and management concept, serious resource waste phenomenon, construction information expression and fuzzy transmission and the like are solved, the cost is greatly reduced, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the construction technology research has pertinence and high efficiency and has high social benefits.

The invention relates to a river model bed load mixed sand adding device. The river model bed load mixed sand adding device comprises a sand adding container, a gravel mixing mechanism, a supporting frame, an even sand laying mechanism and an automatic sand conveying mechanism. The sand adding container, the gravel mixing mechanism, the even sand laying mechanism and the automatic sand conveying mechanism are sequentially arranged on the supporting frame from top to bottom. The sand adding container is of a cuboid structure, the interior of the sand adding container is hollow, the upper end of the sand adding container is open, and a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the sand adding container. A plurality of baffles are fixed in the sand adding container at intervals side by side. An inner cavity of the sand adding container is divided into a plurality of sand adding cavities through the baffles, and the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of discharging holes side by side. The river model bed load mixed sand adding device is high in automation degree, high in adaptability for complex test conditions and capable of automatically mixing and laying sand, saving labor and improving the test efficiency.

The invention relates to an underwater sand collector for a physical river model. The underwater sand collector comprises a sand collection cabin and a cover plate. The sand collection cabin is shaped like a rectangular box with an opening in the top surface, the cover plate is arranged on the top surface of the sand collection cabin and comprises a fixed cover plate and a sliding cover plate arranged under the fixed cover plate, the sliding cover plate is shorter than the fixed cover plate, and the fixed cover plate and the sliding cover plate are provided with a plurality of corresponding strip holes for leaking sand into the model. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the underwater sand collector has a simple structure and can be used conveniently, the problem of underwater sand collection of the physical river model can be fully solved, the accuracy of testing data can be improved, the reliability of testing results can be enhanced, and the underwater sand collector has good application prospects.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a river model. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of 1, simulation area selecting; 2, manufacturing material selecting; 3, model manufacturing site selecting; 4, model manufacturing; and 5, roughening. The river model manufactured through the manufacturing method can truly simulate a real river and facilitates scientific research.

The invention relates to a water level measuring device for a river model test, which particularly structurally comprises a depth vernier caliper and a test pin (3), wherein the depth vernier caliper comprises a caliper base (1) and a caliper body (2); the caliper base (1) is provided with a longitudinal groove; the caliper body (2) slides up and down in the longitudinal groove of the caliper base (1); the test pin (3) comprises a pin head and a pin tail; the pin tail of the test pin (3) is fixed on the lower end of the caliper body (2); and the pin head of the test pin (3) downwards extends from the lower end of the caliper body (2). The water level measuring device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of higher measurement accuracy, lower production cost, simple structure and convenience for manufacture, thereby saving the cost of the river model test and enhancing the data reliability of the river model test.

The invention relates to a tracer particle release apparatus of surface flow velocity field measurement and belongs to the hydraulic measurement field. The apparatus comprises a bearing support formed by a framework and a screw, a V-shaped storage box, a rotating shaft and a power system, wherein tracer particles are placed in the V-shaped storage box and a lower end of the box is open. The bearing support and the V-shaped storage box are connected through the screw so as to adjust a height of the V-shaped storage box. The screw is fixedly welded with the V-shaped storage box. The rotating shaft is arranged at an exit of a lower end of the storage box. The power system drives the rotating shaft to rotates so as to realize that the tracer particles fall into a fluid from the exit of the lower end of the V-shaped storage box. The apparatus can be applied to tests of a river model, image velocity measurement and the like. The tracer particles are released high-efficiently and uniformly and surface flow field structures of stream flow with different scales are researched.

The invention discloses a control method for secondary positioning in a river model test and relates to the field of river model manufacturing. The control method comprises the specific steps that (1)two positions in a first-time river model are selected as benchmark positions, and a benchmark point is determined on each benchmark position; (2) the corresponding two benchmark positions and benchmark points are found on a secondary model drawing; (3) the distances between secondary manufacturing characteristic points and each benchmark point are measured in the secondary model drawing, and then the positions of the secondary manufacturing characteristic points are determined in the first-time river model with the two benchmark points as the base points according to the measured values in the secondary model drawing; and (4) the river model is modified and manufactured according to secondarily-drawn characteristic points. According to the method, the landform characteristic points of the original first-time river model are used as the base points for secondary positioning, so that positioning points for secondary manufacturing are precisely and rapidly found, conciseness and convenience are achieved, positioning is rapid, and positioning precision is further guaranteed.

A river model test multi-channel wireless transmission and receiving communication system comprises an upper computer and a plurality of lower computers. The upper computer is formed by a main control computer, a communication controller and bit stream adapter and a wireless communication module. The main control computer is used for user interaction, code stream calculation, channel setting and channel management. The communication controller and code stream adapter is used for controlling the connection of the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module is used for transmitting and receiving data. The main control computer is connected with the communication controller and code stream adapter which is connected with the wireless communication module. Five wireless channel modules are arranged in the wireless communication modules to be used for representing five types of channels used in a river model wireless communication system, and each wireless channel module manages the data transmission and receiving of a corresponding wireless channel. By means of the system, appropriate wireless channels can be selected automatically to transmit data, the transmission is rapid, and the efficiency is high.

The invention provides a space-time correlation measurement and control system for underwater micro topographic variation. Two ends of an inclined rod of an upper fixed bracket are fixedly connected with transverse rods respectively; the two ends of a longitudinal rod are fixedly connected with the transverse rods respectively; a vernier depth gauge is arranged on the longitudinal rod; the vernier depth gauge penetrates through a sensor fixing flat plate; a supporting rod is arranged at the lower part of the sensor fixing flat plate; the vernier depth gauge is fixed through a U-shaped clip on the supporting rod; a screw rod of each sensor fixing rod is fixedly connected with a first end of a stainless steel pipe after penetrating through the sensor fixing flat plate; and each ultrasonic transducer is arranged at a second end of the stainless steel pipe. According to the invention, difficulty problems in underwater micro topographic dynamic continuous measurement in flume experiment and a river model test are solved; the space-time correlation measurement and control system for the underwater micro topographic variation, provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable sensor layout and higher application value; and a simple and feasible measurement method is provided for in-depth study on interaction between water and sediment, morphological development of a bed surface, variation of the bed surface and motion of the bed surface.

The invention relates to a method for estimating large area bed shear stress of a fixed bed river model test. A method for estimating a bottom bed shear stress using a bottom particle trajectory by selecting small balls with different particle sizes, the influence of water depth on the shear stress measurement can be reduced, and the bed shear stress of large area and different parts in the fixedbed model test of river engineering can be synchronously and quickly obtained by the invention, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the bed shear stress estimation.

The invention discloses a suspended load sediment stratified sampler for a river model test, the suspended load sediment stratified sampler comprises a plurality of single-layer sampling structures, baffles and cross bars, wherein each single-layer sampling structure is a rectangular parallelepiped structure in which a cylindrical sampling chamber is arranged in the middle, the single-layer sampling structures are vertically overlapped and combined into a multi-layer sampling structure, perforated plates are provided with circular sampling holes having a diameter same as that of openings of sampling bins, the number of the sampling holes of the baffles is one less than that of the sampling bins, the upper ends of the front and rear baffles are connected by the cross bars; the invention also discloses a sampling method based on the suspended load sediment stratified sampler, and the sampling method can be used for sampling of a plurality of suspended loads in one time, and greatly shortens the sampling time for the suspended loads in the river model test.

The invention discloses an open type water inlet tank for a river model test. The water inlet tank is used for simulating upstream incoming water of a watercourse and is characterized by comprising awater tank body, the top of the water tank body is open, the water tank body is located in the width direction of the upstream of the simulant watercourse, a plurality of water outlet holes are formedin a side plate, facing the downstream side of the watercourse, of the water tank body, water inlet holes are formed in side plates, located on river banks on the two sides of the simulant watercourse, of the water tank body, water inlet pipes are fixedly connected in the water inlet holes and communicate with the interior of the water tank body, and the water is conveyed from the water inlet pipes towards the interior of the water tank body, flows out of the water outlet holes and enters the simulant watercourse so as to simulate the upstream water flow of the watercourse.

The invention relates to a device for testing the impact of the waterside building pit construction on pile foundations. The device for testing the impact of deep foundation pit the waterside building pit construction on the pile foundations belongs to the fields of assessment for the impact of the deep foundation pit and underground engineering construction on the pile foundations and pile foundation optimization design. The device comprises a model box body and a plurality of sensors; a soil body and a plurality of model plates are arranged in the model box body; a foundation pit is formed among the model plates; pile foundations stretching into the soil body and at least one support piece are arranged in the foundation pit; a measurement support is connected to one ends, far away from the soil body, of the pile foundations; two ends of the support piece press against the two model plates; a first river model slot and a second river model slot mutually communicating and located on two sides of the foundation pit are arranged in the model box body; and the sensors are arranged on the soil body, the model plates, the pile foundations and the measurement support. The device can be used for visually simulating a deep foundation pit and the hydraulic power and geological conditions of a near river so as to predict the impact of multi-surface waterside deep and big building pit construction bottom heave springback and pile foundation bearing, is simple in structure and easy to implement functions, and has higher economy and repeatability.

The invention provides a real-time surveying and mapping system for the erosion and deposition topography around a wading structure of a river model. The method comprises the steps of fixing a bearingplatform to the periphery of a wading structure above the free water surface; assembling a surveying and mapping platform according to the plane shape of the wading structure; mounting the surveyingand mapping platform on the bearing platform; mounting a surveying and mapping device on the outer side of the surveying and mapping platform through threads. Based on the above link, a terminal computer issues an instruction, and the forward rotation of a stepping motor is realized; an ultrasonic transducer is driven to move away from the wading structure; when the ultrasonic transducer reaches the limiting switch at the far end, the ultrasonic transducer is started; through the reverse rotation of stepping motor, the ultrasonic transducer is driven to move in the direction close to the wading structure; the ultrasonic transducer can complete real-time scanning of three-dimensional underwater topography data in the moving process and wirelessly transmit the collected scouring topography data to the terminal computer in real time, the ultrasonic transducer reciprocates in this way until a river model experiment is finished, and the drawing system completes whole-process drawing of thedynamic scouring and silting topography around the wading structure.