43 results about "Suspended load" patented technology

The invention provides a basin sediment budget calculation method, which comprises the following steps of: arranging various types of collected basic data of a target basin into a grid form, carrying out uniform space registration, and dividing the various types of basic data based on a small basin boundary serving as a space unit of sediment budget calculation; for each small watershed, respectively calculating gravitational erosion, debris flow erosion, channel erosion and slope erosion to obtain spatial and temporal distribution of various erosion amounts and the total erosion amount in the target watershed; respectively calculating the sediment yield and the deposition rate of the small watershed scale aiming at the four types of erosion; on the basis of the calculated sediment production, the sediment transport amount of the small watershed suspended load in the main river water system is calculated section by section according to the upstream and downstream relation of the convergence river position of each small watershed in the target watershed, and distribution of the sediment transport amount of the suspended load in the flowing direction of the main river water system is obtained in combination with sand digging, reservoir sedimentation and the input amount and the output amount of the suspended load in the river reach. According to the method, the sediment space-time distribution in the basin erosion and basin sand-producing river sediment transportation multi-physical process can be comprehensively quantified.

The invention provides a drainage basin sediment prediction method, which comprises the following steps of: sorting various kinds of collected basic data of a target drainage basin into a grid form, carrying out unified space registration, and dividing the basic data based on a small drainage basin boundary serving as a sediment prediction space unit; for each small watershed, respectively predicting gravitational erosion, debris flow erosion, channel erosion and slope erosion to obtain future spatial and temporal distribution of various erosion amounts and the total erosion amount in the target watershed; for the four types of erosion, the future sediment yield and deposition rate of the small watershed scale are calculated respectively; and on the basis of the future sediment production, the small watershed suspended load sediment transport amount in the main river water system is calculated section by section according to the upstream and downstream relation of the convergence river position of each small watershed in the target watershed, and distribution of the suspended load sediment transport amount in the flowing direction of the main river water system is predicted in combination with sand digging, reservoir sedimentation and the input amount and the output amount of the suspended load in the river reach. The method can predict the sediment space-time distribution in the basin erosion and basin sand-producing river sediment transportation multi-physical process.

The invention discloses an anti-bed load impact wear concrete bottom plate rigidity gradient structure and a construction method thereof, which are used for protecting a hydraulic structure bottom plate from impact wear damage and improving the ability of concrete to resist bed load impact wear damage. Aiming at the acting force characteristics of suspended load and bed load at the bottom plate part, a three-layer composite design (a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer) is adopted to form an integral rigidity gradient structure of the anti-bed load impact wear concrete bottom plate. The structure can effectively improve the bed load abrasion resistance of the bottom plate of the hydraulic structure. According to the rigidity gradient structure of the anti-bed load abrasion concrete bottom plate and the construction method of the rigidity gradient structure, the impact energy of rolling block stones can be effectively absorbed, the surface hardness of the concrete bottom plate is guaranteed, the anti-bed load abrasion capacity of the concrete bottom plate is remarkably improved, and the service life is prolonged; the concrete is suitable for construction of anti-abrasion concrete bottom plates of buildings and hydraulic concrete structures with the requirement for resisting abrasion of high-speed water flow.

The application discloses a kind of long-time sequence monitoring method and system of suspended load sediment concentration based on multiple river section scales, and relates to river monitoring technical field.The method includes the following steps: obtaining long-time sequence multispectral remote sensing image data and environmental data of the river to be detected, and pre-processing the multispectral remote sensing image data;According to the pre-defined river boundary, divide the river section, and extract the water body pixels of each river section by water surface extraction method;Using median extraction strategy to calculate the band reflectance and band index of each river section;Using machine learning algorithm to predict the suspended load sediment concentration of band reflectance, band index and environmental data.The present application carries out long-term monitoring of sediment concentration of different river section scales based on remote sensing data, and predicts by combining machine learning algorithm, which can accurately grasp the subtle dynamic changes of river sediment.

The invention discloses a reservoir suspended load sediment content real-time measurement method based on machine vision. The method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting a water body surface image; s2, carrying out denoising, enhancement and segmentation preprocessing on the image to identify a color difference value; s3, calculating the real-time suspended load sediment content on the basis of a multi-term Logistic model; s4, the change trend is analyzed through a CNN-LSTM model; and S5, performing early warning according to a preset threshold value. According to the invention, non-contact and non-sampling real-time monitoring and early warning are realized, and the defects of a traditional method are overcome.

The present invention provides a method and device for simulating and estimating the flow and suspended sediment content of rivers in data-free areas. The method integrates analysis, simulation, and estimation, enabling simple, rapid, and accurate derivation of the water-sediment correlation and the establishment of a water-sediment simulation and estimation model, thus solving the problem of calculating water and sediment content for rivers in data-free areas over the years and months. The method comprises: Step 1: constructing a flow simulation model for the target area based on data from a river section A that is in the same river system or an adjacent basin as the target data-free area and has observed data on measured flow Q and suspended sediment content CS; Step 2: constructing a suspended sediment content estimation model based on the flow Q and suspended sediment content CS data for river section A; Step 3: simulating the flow of a river section B in the data-free area based on the flow simulation model constructed in Step 1; and then estimating the suspended sediment content of B based on the suspended sediment content estimation model constructed in Step 2.

The application provides a catchment sediment prediction method, which comprises the following steps: collecting various types of basic data of a target catchment, arranging the basic data into a grid form and performing unified spatial registration, and dividing the basic data based on small catchment boundaries as spatial units for sediment prediction; for each small catchment, gravity erosion, debris flow erosion, gully erosion and slope erosion are predicted respectively to obtain the future spatio-temporal distribution of various types of erosion and total erosion in the target catchment; the future sediment yield and deposition of each small catchment are calculated respectively for the four types of erosion; based on the future sediment yield, the upstream and downstream relationships of each small catchment in the target catchment are considered to calculate the suspended sediment transport capacity of the small catchment in the main river system in sections, and the distribution of the suspended sediment transport capacity along the flow direction of the main river system is predicted by combining the dredging, reservoir sedimentation and the input and output of the suspended sediment in the river section. The application can predict the spatio-temporal distribution of sediment in the multi-physical process of catchment erosion, catchment sediment yield and river sediment transport.

An experimental device and method for measuring a motion probability of nonuniform sediment are provided. The method includes: dyeing sediment of different particle sizes to obtain nonuniform dyed sediment, sticking sediment with the same grades to the bottom of a flume to form a rough plate; soaking the nonuniform dyed sediment, laying the nonuniform dyed sediment on the sediment feeder, transporting the sediment by water with given intensity, and once the flow is stable, starting the sediment feeder to perform a test until the sediment stops moving. Collecting, drying and sieving the sediment in the bedload collector and the suspended load collector, and weighing the dyed sediment of different particle sizes. Computing the incipient probability and the suspension probability respectively by measuring the weight ratios of the sediment of different grades from the two collectors to the initial ones.

The invention discloses a river basin sediment production estimation method based on a dynamic evolution process of a river-blocking barrier lake, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the comparative analysis of key physicochemical characteristic parameters through an identification event layer in a residual barrier lake deposition sequence, and constructing a disaster chain extreme surface process river basin sediment production estimation method. Water level changes, hydrodynamic conditions and material source changes of the barrier lake are comprehensively analyzed, different sand production stages from the stable period, the decline period and the extinction period of the barrier lake are divided, the sediment change history from lacustrine facies suspended load to flood plain bed load is analyzed, and a complete barrier lake formation-evolution full life cycle evolution process mode is constructed. A layered triangular irregular network model is constructed to obtain layered accumulated sediment volume data, the layered volume and mass are calculated based on a dry density field of sedimentary stratification and spatial interpolation so as to calculate the total sediment yield, a physical information neural network model inverts a sedimentary thickness field, sediment yield estimation is achieved, and the non-stationary dynamic evolution characteristics of water and sediment of the barrier lake are quantified.

The invention discloses a double-layer back-silting observation device for collecting suspended load and bed load, which is placed in a river channel and comprises a first back-silting box for recycling suspended load and a second back-silting box for recycling bed load, the first back-silting box is arranged above the second back-silting box, and the second back-silting box is arranged above the first back-silting box. Collecting openings are formed in the top of the first back-silting box and the top of the second back-silting box, and the first back-silting box and the second back-silting box are connected through a connecting piece, so that a flowing gap allowing bed load and water to flow is formed between the first back-silting box and the second back-silting box. By the adoption of the technical scheme, suspended load is collected through the first back-silting box, flowing of bed load and water is facilitated through the flowing gap, so that the bed load is conveniently collected through the second back-silting box, the first back-silting box and the second back-silting box are matched, the bed load and the suspended load are collected at the same time, and the collecting efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the suspended load and the bed load are collected at the same position, so that the observation precision can be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of water body sample collection, in particular to a rapid collection and separation device and method for suspended load sediment and surface sediment in a water body, and the rapid collection and separation device comprises a plurality of collection mechanisms which comprise an outer protection assembly, a power increasing assembly arranged above the outer protection assembly, an adsorption assembly arranged in the outer protection assembly and a locking assembly arranged below the outer protection assembly; the outer protection assembly comprises an outer protection box and a box cover fixed to the front end of the outer protection box in a matched mode through bolts, the power increasing assembly comprises an outer protection cylinder, a cylinder cover, fan blades, an abutting disc and a rotating sleeve, and the adsorption assembly comprises an adsorption sleeve, a collecting bag and a rotating rod; the traction mechanism comprises a guide rope and a counterweight assembly arranged at one end of the guide rope, the multiple collection mechanisms are arranged in an array mode in the axis direction of the guide rope, and the outer protection assembly is fixedly matched with the guide rope located on the upper portion through a locking assembly. The device can be effectively suitable for flowing water bodies, and collected samples are good in richness.

The invention relates to the technical field of debris flow prevention and control, in particular to a novel honeycomb debris flow blocking structure of a water diversion project and a construction method thereof. The structure adopts a spatial honeycomb leakage type design, and is formed by sequentially connecting an upstream grid structure, a downstream multi-section honeycomb structure and an outlet energy dissipation and scour prevention section. The upstream grid structure is provided with multiple layers of water inlets for introducing water flow and blocking debris flow impact; the downstream honeycomb structure discharges suspended load through multiple stages of energy dissipation steps and orifices; and the outlet section adopts a diffusion type energy dissipation and scour prevention design. Bed loads in debris flow can be effectively intercepted, suspended loads are discharged, the arresting efficiency and the structural durability are improved, and the structure is suitable for debris flow prevention and control of water diversion projects in mountainous areas and has the advantages of being high in impact resistance, low in manufacturing cost and easy and convenient to construct.

The invention discloses a double-U-shaped lifting rod opening and closing type suspended load continuous sampling device and a sampling method, and belongs to the technical field of hydrological monitoring. The device comprises a double-U-shaped lifting rod opening and closing mechanism, a stratified sampling assembly, an intelligent control system, a base lifting system and a floating ball auxiliary structure, and a sampling bin end cover is controlled to be opened and closed through linkage of a double-U-shaped lifting rod and a stepping motor; an intelligent control system is integrated with a pressure / temperature sensor to achieve accurate layered triggering, and a base lifting system (a lead filling square plate, an underwater winch and a relay buoy) is matched with a floating ball to support unattended sampling in severe weather such as typhoon. The sampling method comprises the steps of system initialization, end cover opening, lowering monitoring, layered bin closing and recovery maintenance. According to the invention, single-person operation is realized, high efficiency, accuracy, labor saving and compliance are considered, the device is suitable for complex environments such as different water depths, high sand contents and severe weather environments, and hydrological specification requirements are met.

To provide a load stabilization system, a system for stabilizing swing motion of a suspended load, and a method for stabilizing the load stabilization system and the swing motion of the suspended load.SOLUTION: This load stabilization system comprises a completely automated self-power type device that uses thrust for canceling and controlling horizontal and rotational motion of an external load. The self-power type device is temporarily fitted to a load, a cable or a boom, and not dependent on a platform (for example, characteristics of helicopter (own ship) on which it is suspended.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The application discloses a kind of high sediment concentration remote sensing inversion method and device of suspended load based on Sentinel-2 image, first, the satellite multispectral data and measured sediment concentration data of target water area are collected, and are preprocessed;Then the initial spectral feature set including the band feature combination of visible light-short wave infrared range is constructed, then the cross-validation recursive feature elimination algorithm (RFECV) is used to carry out preliminary screening from initial feature library, then according to spectral sensitivity analysis, the optimal feature subset is obtained by fine screening;Again, using random forest (RF) model is based on optimal spectral feature and sediment concentration data set training, constructs suspended load sediment concentration inversion model;Finally, the model is applied to realize the remote sensing inversion of high sediment concentration of suspended load, generates the sediment concentration time series of target water area.The present application effectively overcomes the common spectral saturation problem under high sediment concentration condition, can realize high-precision inversion in 0-45 kg / m³ concentration range, significantly improves the robustness and accuracy of suspended load high sediment concentration remote sensing inversion.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and device for determining riverbed coarsening level assignment, electronic equipment, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product. The method for determining the layering of the riverbed coarsening layers comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial water and sediment condition of a target river reach; wherein the riverbed of the target river reach is a sand-doped pebble riverbed; based on the initial water and sediment conditions, by means of a preset riverbed coarsening layer gradation calculation rule, riverbed coarsening layer gradation when the target river reach reaches the limit scouring condition is determined; wherein the limit scouring condition is that the sediment scouring thickness and the sediment deposition thickness of the riverbed reach dynamic balance; and pushing the riverbed coarsening level to a user terminal. By means of the method, the response relation between riverbed scouring coarsening and conversion of bed sand, bed load and suspended load can be represented, and the calculation precision of the natural wide grading riverbed is improved.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a pipe bottom sediment scouring model of an SWMM open source model, which comprises the following steps of: S10, constructing a one-dimensional pipe bottom sediment scouring and depositing theoretical model by combining an SWMM water quality model and a two-dimensional suspended load scouring and depositing function; s20, establishing a theoretical model numerical calculation equation according to the one-dimensional pipe bottom sediment scouring deposition theoretical model and an SWMM water quality model numerical method; step S30, updating an SWMM water quality open source calculation engine based on the theoretical model numerical calculation equation; and S40, calling the SWMM water quality open source calculation engine to calibrate the pipe bottom scouring parameters of the localized model. A convenient and efficient water quality model is provided for research on river discharge pollution of a pump station of an urban rain drainage system, the model integrates the advantages of a scouring model and a sand carrying force model, improvement is carried out based on an SWMM open source model, the method is simple and easy to implement, and the depth and efficiency of research on pollution movement change of the rain drainage system are improved.

This invention discloses a method, system, and medium for determining the suspended sediment transport threshold at the watershed outlet and attributing the main controlling factors. The method includes the following steps: 1. Watershed data and multi-factor coding; 2. Definition and extraction of physical constraint thresholds; 3. Batch simulation of multiple scenarios; 4. Generation of monthly-scale threshold sequences; 5. Control variable attribution analysis. This application achieves a formal definition and extraction of the suspended sediment transport threshold at the watershed outlet within a distributed water and sediment model framework. Based on the control variable method and massive scenario simulation, it quantitatively identifies and ranks the contributions of different natural and anthropogenic factors to the change of this threshold, thereby providing a scientific basis for watershed sediment regulation and management.

The invention provides a lightweight deep learning model-based water and sediment hysteresis loop automatic classification method and system, and relates to the technical field of hydrology and water resource and river sediment monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring runoff and suspended load concentration process data of a karst basin rainstorm event, completing event division, time alignment and unit unification, and mapping a runoff-suspended load concentration relation into a lag loop image; constructing a training set, a verification set and a test set through image preprocessing and data enhancement; a lightweight convolutional neural network is adopted for training and verification, and a hysteresis loop classification model is obtained; and inputting a to-be-detected image into the model for reasoning, and outputting the category and confidence of the lag loop. According to the method, standardized imaging and lightweight intelligent identification of the hysteresis loop are realized, and the problems of high subjectivity of manual interpretation and difficulty in complex form identification are solved.

The invention provides a river suspended load sampling device capable of automatically regulating and controlling flow velocity, which comprises a sampling pipe, a support column is fixed on the side of the sampling pipe, a control box is fixed at one end of the support column, a fixed column is fixed at the top of the control box, a solar panel is fixedly mounted at the top of the fixed column, and the solar panel is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the fixed column. And a transmission box is fixed at the bottom of the sampling pipe. In the sampling process, when the flow velocity is low and the sampling opening angle is too large, water flow cannot enter the sampling pipe, and when the flow velocity is high and the sampling opening angle is too small, coarse particles enter the sampler due to excessive inertia, so that the sampling opening angle is regulated and controlled in real time according to the flow velocity; the flow velocity of water entering the sampling pipe is equal to the natural flow velocity of an external river, the motion trail of suspended particles cannot be disturbed, the real sampling condition is achieved, the rotatable sampling pipe driven by the turbine is adopted, the opening angle is adjusted in real time through feedback of the micro flow velocity sensor, and isodynamic sampling can be ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of desilting funnels, in particular to a suspended sand desilting funnel diameter design method under the condition of efficient suspended sand interception. The suspended sand discharge funnel diameter design method under the efficient suspended sand interception condition comprises the steps that S1, the diameter of a suspended sand discharge funnel is initially planned according to the treatment flow of sand-containing water flow to be treated by the sand discharge funnel; s2, the width and the height of the water inlet culvert are determined according to the initial diameter; s3, calculating the inlet flow velocity of the desilting funnel according to the treatment flow and the size of the water inlet culvert, and calculating the tangential flow velocity of the discrimination area according to the inlet flow velocity; s4, calculating a tangential flow velocity characteristic Reynolds number Ret; s5, if 4.0 * 10 < 6 > lt; retlt, Rett; if the size is 8.5 * 10 < 6 >, the diameter of the sand suspending and discharging funnel meets the design requirement; otherwise, changing the diameter, and returning to S1 to preliminarily simulate the diameter again. According to the diameter design method for the suspended sediment discharge funnel, the blank of lack of the diameter design method for the suspended sediment discharge funnel at present is filled, and a new thought and method are provided for treatment of suspended sediment.

The present invention discloses a sediment retention and drainage structure for the lower reservoir of a pumped-storage power station and its operation method, belonging to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The structure includes a lower reservoir and a bypass flood discharge and sediment drainage channel. A dam is provided at the tail of the lower reservoir, and a sediment retention dam is provided in each gully around the lower reservoir to form a closed reservoir basin. The bypass flood discharge and sediment drainage channel connects the tops of the sediment retention dams in each gully around the lower reservoir in series, and both ends of the bypass flood discharge and sediment drainage channel are connected to a discharge chute, which starts at the abutment of the dam and extends to the river channel downstream of the dam. The structure can not only intercept bedload sediment but also discharge suspended sediment, with good sediment retention and drainage effects, meeting the long-term operation requirements of the pumped-storage power station unit and helping to extend the service life of the unit. There is no need to use the river bend terrain to straighten the bend to arrange a flood discharge and sediment drainage tunnel or a flood discharge and sediment drainage open channel, and the requirements for the terrain conditions of the lower reservoir are low.

The utility model discloses a sediment grading monitoring device for a water turbine, which relates to the technical field of flowing water quality sediment characteristic monitoring and comprises a single chip microcomputer and a plurality of monitoring pipe sections which are sequentially connected, and each monitoring pipe section is sequentially provided with a filter screen, a turbidity sensor and an ultrasonic oscillator. The ultrasonic oscillator and the turbidity sensor are connected with the single chip microcomputer. The filter screen is used for filtering suspended load silt with different particle sizes step by step, the turbidity sensor and the ultrasonic oscillator are used for monitoring the sand content in front of and behind the filter screen and further calculating the difference value of the sand content in front of and behind the filter screen, and the single-chip microcomputer collects data such as particle size data, the sand content and the mass percentage of a certain particle size of the filter screen and is used for statistical analysis of grading of the suspended load silt passing through the machine. The device can monitor and analyze the grading of the sediment passing through the water turbine in real time, greatly enhances the reliability of data, reduces the consumption of human resources, further provides technical support for the safe and efficient operation of the water turbine, and reduces the operation cost of an enterprise.

The utility model discloses a novel sediment sampler suitable for suspended sediment in the technical field of hydraulic engineering, which comprises a base, a support, a container and a sampling tube, the support is connected with the base, the container is fixed on the support, the container is provided with a closed inner cavity, the container is hermetically connected with a connecting tube communicated with the inner cavity of the container, and the sampling tube is connected with the connecting tube. A vacuum pump in sealed connection with the connecting pipe is arranged on the support, the bottom end of the container is in sealed connection with a discharging pipe, the first end of the sampling pipe is in sealed connection with the container and communicated with an inner cavity of the container, the second end of the sampling pipe is used for sucking silt, a first water stop valve is arranged in the sampling pipe, and a second water stop valve is arranged in the discharging pipe. The electric control assembly is electrically connected with the first water stop valve, the second water stop valve and the vacuum pump. The sampling device solves the technical problems that the existing device is large in size, heavy, low in sampling accuracy and incapable of continuously and uniformly sampling, and is simple in structure and capable of continuously and uniformly sampling.

The invention provides a method for synchronously monitoring river bed load and suspended load. The method comprises the following steps: (1) an acceleration sensor and an underwater microphone are fixed in a sealed metal aluminum frame, and the metal aluminum frame is flush with a riverbed; a metal basket is arranged at the lower edge of the metal aluminum frame and used for capturing bed load particles and calibrating sensor data; (2) vertically installing a high-frequency ADCP in the center of a riverbed to measure a flow velocity profile; the high-precision turbidity meter is arranged at the upstream of the high-frequency ADCP to record the suspended load concentration; meanwhile, the electronic water level gauge is installed on the bank of the river channel to record water level changes; and (3) analyzing the particle size distribution and transportation amount of the bed load according to the data processing module, and inverting the suspended load flux in combination with ADCP and turbidity meter data. According to the method, the monitoring precision and efficiency are remarkably improved, interference to river ecology is reduced, and reliable data support is provided for river regulation and ecological restoration in a complex environment.

The invention relates to a river sediment erosion and deposition prediction method based on a two-dimensional water-sediment mathematical model. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a model coordinate system; constructing a control equation set; solving the model; calculating dynamic boundary and suspended load sediment transport; setting definite solution conditions of the two-dimensional water and sediment mathematical model; and outputting river sediment scour and deposition thickness distribution in the future target year based on a calculation result of the two-dimensional water-sediment mathematical model. The invention further relates to a prediction system using the river sediment erosion and deposition prediction method based on the two-dimensional water-sediment mathematical model. The prediction system comprises an erosion and deposition change data management module, a section data management module, a prediction management module, a model calculation module and a result output module. According to the method, the calculation precision is improved, the calculation efficiency is improved, the continuity of the water flow control equation in the dry-wet alternation region is ensured, and the prediction accuracy is improved; the integrity of the silt erosion and deposition calculation prediction data is ensured, the prediction data can be conveniently input, and rapid prediction is realized.

The application provides a catchment sediment estimation method, which comprises the following steps: collecting various types of basic data of a target catchment, arranging the basic data into a grid form and performing unified spatial registration, dividing the various types of basic data based on the small catchment boundary as the spatial unit of sediment estimation; for each small catchment, calculating the gravity erosion, debris flow erosion, gully erosion and slope erosion respectively to obtain the time and space distribution of various types of erosion and total erosion in the target catchment; for the above four types of erosion, calculating the sediment yield and deposition of the small catchment scale respectively; based on the calculated sediment yield, calculating the suspended sediment transport capacity of the small catchment in the main river system according to the upstream and downstream relationship of the small catchment in the target catchment, and combining the dredging, reservoir sedimentation and the input and output of the suspended sediment in the river section to obtain the distribution of the suspended sediment transport capacity along the flow direction of the main river system. The application can comprehensively quantify the time and space distribution of the sediment in the erosion of the catchment, the sediment yield of the catchment and the sediment transport of the river.

The invention discloses a suspended load sand content long-time-sequence monitoring method and system based on multi-river-reach scale, and relates to the technical field of river monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring long-time-sequence multispectral remote sensing image data and environmental data of a river to be detected, and preprocessing the multispectral remote sensing image data; dividing river reaches according to a predefined river boundary, and extracting water body pixels of each river reach through a water surface extraction method; calculating the wave band reflectivity and the wave band index of each river reach by adopting a median extraction strategy; and carrying out suspended load sand content prediction on the wave band reflectivity, the wave band index and the environmental data by utilizing a machine learning algorithm. Fine-grained long-term monitoring is carried out on the sand content of different river reach scales based on remote sensing data, prediction is carried out in combination with a machine learning algorithm, and fine dynamic changes of river sediment can be accurately mastered.

The present invention discloses an underwater protection system and method for submerged plants in flood-carrying rivers. The system includes a riprap gabion structure, a pebble gabion structure, a horizontal row of pinewood piles, and a vertical row of pinewood piles, all arranged below the normal water level. The riprap gabion structure is arranged at an angle of 20° to 60° to the riverbank. The pebble gabion structure is arranged along the riverbank and near the center of the riverchannel, and the lower end of the pebble gabion structure is connected to the downstream riprap gabion structure. The riprap gabion structure, the pebble gabion structure, and the riverbank enclose a submerged plant protection zone and a suspended sediment deposition zone, wherein no submerged plants are planted in the suspended sediment deposition zone. The present invention can effectively protect submerged plant communities during floods and improve the survival rate of submerged plants. It also has a highly targeted regulation of water flow, ensuring the normal flood-carrying capacity of the riverchannel. It can also improve the water flow structure and aquatic habitat during the dry season, thereby improving the purification capacity of the riverchannel during the dry season.

The invention discloses a two-dimensional river landform dynamics method based on a physical process, and relates to the technical field of geomorphology. Comprising the following steps: establishing a two-dimensional river landform dynamic model according to a hydrodynamic module, a suspended load sediment movement module, a bed load sediment movement module and a riverbed deformation module; solving a two-dimensional river landform dynamic model; the established two-dimensional river landform dynamic model is used for conducting simulation research on bed load and suspended load plait rivers, the plait forming process, the landform evolution process, the river channel diversion mode and the statistical characteristics of the plait rivers are analyzed, and the plait rivers are compared with actual rivers and laboratory rivers for model verification. Through simulation of bed load and suspended load rivers, the two-dimensional river landform dynamic model shows the capability of simulating the real river braiding mechanism and process, and the braiding process and the real landform dynamic process can be well simulated.