The invention discloses a blasting method capable of effectively reducing a blasting boulder yield of a surface mine. According to the blasting method, holes are drilled quincuncially in a pre-blasted open-air bench (1) according to designed blast hole net parameters, namely a distance (a) between every two blast holes, and a distance (b) between every two rows of blast holes, so as to form a blast hole net composed of 2-3 rows of blast holes (2); an advanced primer cartridge (3) is arranged in a deepened position of the bottom of each blast hole (2), an in-hole micro-delay initiation technology of first initiation of the advanced primer cartridge (3) and later initiation of a top main charge (6) is adopted, and a micro on-off blasting process is adopted to realize advanced weak crack damage to rock mass at the bottom of the hole; moreover, excessive damage and failure, caused by the blasting effect of the explosive at the top, to the bottom bench rock mass can be effectively avoided, and therefore, the boulder yield of the bottom bench can be controlled; meanwhile, by means of meticulous design, the generation of bedrock can be avoided, the mine exploring cost can be effectively reduced, the production efficiency of an enterprise and the safety of operation can be improved, and favorable economic benefits and social benefits can be created.