1876 results about "Cave" patented technology

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method in a fault fracture zone, which comprises the following steps: a. adopting the method of combining geophysical prospecting and drilling and combining long-distance and short-distance to ascertain the geological situation in front, and carry out advanced geological prediction; b. adopting advanced Anchor construction, pre-grouting construction of the surrounding walls of small conduits in advance, and advance support construction of grouting pipe shed and steel frame, and advance pre-support; c. Tunnel excavation and support. It provides a theoretical basis for detecting the specific location, range and water inflow of the fault fracture zone; ensures the safety of tunnel construction; on the basis of analyzing the specific location and scope of the fault fracture zone and adopting a reasonable advanced pre-support method, comprehensive and specific According to the geological conditions, choose a reasonable tunnel excavation method. It has strong applicability for the construction of expressway tunnels crossing fault fracture zones; at the same time, it has reference and reference significance for the construction of railway, municipal and water conservancy tunnels (holes) with similar geological conditions.

The invention provides a method for analyzing remaining oil distribution of a fractured-vuggy reservoir, belonging to the fields of numerical reservoir simulation and oil-gas field development. In the method, a complex medium consisting of a cave medium, a crack medium and a pore medium is partitioned into a plurality of space unit blocks in a space field; each block consists of V, F and M units which represent a cave, a crack and a substrate in the block respectively and constitute a V-F-M model; the flow of a multi-phase fluid in the complex medium is described by the motion of a fluid among the units in each block and the motion of a fluid among the units of different blocks; and the flow of the fluid among the units can be considered as infiltration flow, pipe flow or laminar flow between parallel walls, Darcy flow or non-Darcy flow. According to the method, scientific description and accurate numerical simulation of the fractured-vuggy reservoir are realized, and technical foundations are laid for the alignment of the remaining oil distribution position of the fractured-vuggy reservoir with a numerical simulation technology, quantitative determination of the reserves abundance of the reservoir, scientific and reasonable development of oil fields provided with the reservoir and final increase in the recovery ratio.

The invention provides a fissure-cave type carbonate-reservoir reservoir body modeling method, and belongs to the field of carbonate reservoir exploitation geology. The method comprises the steps of (1) distinguishing karst cave reservoir body development segment in a single well; (2) building karst zone models along the vertical direction, building ancient landform unit distribution models in a plane; (3) respectively imitating three-dimensional distribution of the karst cave reservoir body in different karst zones and different ancient landform units, obtaining a three-dimensional distribution model of the karst cave reservoir body of a modeling target stratum; (4) counting development occurrence of a fissure reservoir body and single-well fissure development density; and (5) under control of a fault, building a three-dimensional discrete distribution model of the fissure reservoir body. According to the fissure-cave type carbonate-reservoir reservoir body modeling method, accuracy of the class of reservoir modeling is improved, a true condition of the reservoir is approached in a more objective mode, and important practical significance is provided for exploitation of the reservoir.

The present invention provides bionic giant salamander domesticating and propagating process, which includes building artificial brook in original habitat of giant salamander, building caves covered with soil on two sides of the brook and planting vegetables to form conditions suitable for giant salamander to grow; and building stepped reservoirs in the upstream of the brook to ensure safe water quality. The bionic giant salamander domesticating and propagating environment can provide giant salamander with effective protection, and is favorable to the growth and propagation of giant salamander.

The present invention provides a physical simulation experiment device of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir hydrocarbon charge. The experiment device comprises a fracture-cavity model, an experiment stand with windows, a wall rock and a camera monitoring system; the fracture-cavity model comprises simulation caves in different sizes and simulation fractures in different sizes; the simulation caves are connected to one another via the simulation fractures; the fracture-cavity model is arranged inside the experiment stand with windows, and the simulation caves of at least one side of the fracture-cavity model are visual through the windows of the experiment stand; a surrounding of the wall rock is arranged around the fracture-cavity model to simulate a formation of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir; the camera monitoring system is used for measuring and adjusting changes in flow rate and pressure in a charge process, and recording an image of fracture and cave in the charge process displayed in the windows. The present invention further provides a physical simulation method of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir hydrocarbon charge, which uses the above-mentioned experiment device. The present invention can obtain regularities of distribution of oil, gas and water through parameters such as karsts, fractures, density of cruel oil, and oil, gas and water distribution and the like.

The invention provides a method for identifying and interpreting carbonate rock ancient karst reservoir layer three-dimensional structure. Steps of identifying a single well cave preferably comprise that: according to a cave growing segment with definite rock core and electric imaging well logging information, conventional well logging response characteristics of the cave growing segment are summarized; cave sensitive well logging parameters are preferably selected via a well logging parameter intersection method, and an identification graph plate is established; a multi-parameter normalization weighting method is utilized to establish a cave identification function; steps of identifying an inter-well cave preferably comprise that: a synthetic seismic recording method is utilized toward each single well to calibrate a cave interpreting result of a depth domain to an acoustic inversion data volume of a time domain; then threshold values of a cave segment and a non-cave segment are confirmed so that the inter-well cave is effectively identified; continuous tracking is performed along the middle of caves which are large in scale and great in continuity so that a three-dimensional tracking layer is obtained, an average value of 2ms acoustic save impedance around the tracking layer is computed, and thus a three-dimensional space growing position of an ancient karst reservoir layer is obtained.

The present invention relates to an urban underground engineering simulation test system, underground water simulation system and data acquisition system, in which the simulation box contains horizontal loading plate, horizontal loading device, vertical loading device and several layers of horizontal water inlet pipes. Said invention can implement three-dimensional simulation test of various urban underground railway engineering, tunnel and anderground cave engineering, ground base an foundation work, special underground construction method, side slope engineering and retaining wall engineering, etc.

The invention relates to a dynamic reserve calculation method and system for a fracture and cave type carbonatite oil reservoir fracture and cave unit. The method comprises a fracture and cave unit type division step, a material balance equation simplification step and a dynamic reserve calculation step. According to the method, firstly, the driving types of the fracture and cave unit are divided according to the communication relationship between the fracture and cave unit and a water body; then, a simplified material balance equation is obtained according to different driving types; then, the dynamic reserve calculation parameters in the material balance equation are optimized by combining production dynamic data through the combined relationship of the ground crude oil density, the natural gas relative density and the gas-oil ratio and the relationship between the elasticity modulus and the porosity; and the dynamic reserve in the dynamic reserve calculation parameters is calculated. The method and the system have the advantages that the precision and the accuracy of the dynamic reserve calculation result are improved; and the basis is provided for the oil reservoir development and exploration and the engineering layout.

The invention discloses a fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir waterflooding oil replacement recovery method, comprising the steps: 1, pilot flooding; in case of inadequate fracture-cave type reservoir elastic energy, pilot flooding is implemented within a cycle prior to normal waterflooding to determine well positions suitable for waterflooding oil replacement, and then waterflooding speed is determined according to the type of a reservoir body; 2, a proper amount of high specific gravity liquid having larger specific gravity than crude oil and insoluble with the crude oil is injected into the reservoir in order to fill in formation voidages and restore formation pressure; 3, well closing, replacement of the oil and the high specific gravity liquid is implemented by means of gravitational differentiation of the oil and the high specific gravity liquid, and the high specific gravity liquid sinks to the lower part of the reservoir body to form secondary bottom water, thereby driving oil upwards and lifting oil-water interface; and 4, well is opened for oil recovery when wellhead pressure is recovered to basically stable level. According to the invention, the replacement of crude oil and oilfield sewage is implemented by injecting the high specific gravity liquid insoluble with crude oil, such as the oilfield sewage, into oil well, and the crude oil and the oilfield sewage are converged at the upper part of fracture cavity or at the bottom of higher well in order to achieve oil recovery once again.

The invention provides a method for establishing a large-sized karst cave reservoir body distribution model of a fractured-vuggy carbonate rock reservoir, and belongs to the field of three-dimensional geologic modeling of carbonate rock reservoirs. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) identifying a large-sized karst cave reservoir body development section on a single well, wherein the large-sized karst cave reservoir body development section is an interval with large-sized karst cave reservoir bodies; (2) establishing a karst zone model in a perpendicular direction, and establishing a palaeogeomorphological unit distribution model on a plane; and (3) simulating the three-dimensional distribution of the large-sized karst cave reservoir bodies in different karst zones and palaeogeomorphological units respectively to obtain a three-dimensional large-sized karst cave reservoir body distribution model of a modeling target stratum. The control effect of a karst development mode on the distribution of the large-sized karst cave reservoir bodies is taken into a full account, the constraints of geological laws are enhanced in a modeling process, and the modeling accuracy of the large-sized karst cave reservoir bodies of carbonate rocks is improved.

The invention discloses a karst grouting reinforcement water-stop constructing method, which is to construct according to sizes of karst caves by adopting a principle of from big to small regarding a certain area, construct by adopting a principle of from outside to inside for the karst caves with the same size, and construct by adopting a principle of from the bottom to the top in a vertical direction. On the basis of the construction principles, the method comprises the following steps of: (1) forming grouting holes by adopting a core drill; (2) forming construction exhaust and drainage pressure relief holes; (3) inserting grouting pipes into the grouting holes, wherein the grouting pipes comprise steel pipes, grouting shock pipes and sleeve valve pipes; (4) cleaning the holes, wherein when the step (3) is completed, the grouting pipes are cleaned with clean water; (5) grouting; and (6) drawing out the grouting pipes after the grouting is completed, and blocking the grouting holes with cement mortar or concrete. By adopting the constructing method, the pertinence to karst caves is strong, the grouting quantity is small, the engineering work amount is small, the cost is low, and the effect of filling and reinforcing is good.

The invention discloses a method for interactively playing a panoramic video stream on a CAVE projection system, which belongs to the technical field of digital media. A conventional 360-degree panoramic video browser does not support the interactive play of the panoramic video stream on the CAVE projection system. The method comprises the following steps of: mapping panoramic picture images onto a 3D sphere as textures, splitting a 360-degree all-round spherical view field into six sub-areas, and shooting a front sub-area, a rear sub-area, a left sub-area, a right sub-area and a zenith sub-area respectively by using five different virtual cameras to obtain the pictures on each projection screen of the CAVE projection system respectively. The method has the advantage of the capacity of solving the problem that the panoramic video stream cannot be interactively played on the CAVE projection system, simplicity, practicability, no need of expensive special equipment, real-time interaction capacity, relatively lower implementation cost and convenient popularization and application.

The invention discloses a drilling pile drilling construction method of a bead-type karst area, wherein a drilling pile penetrates through an underground river karst cave from top to bottom. The method includes the steps of (1) measuring and sampling, (2) lowering and fixing a steel casing, and (3) drilling, wherein a percussion drill is used, drilling is carried out from top to bottom through the lowered steel casing until the percussion drill reaches a designed depth, and in the drilling process, the wall is protected through slurry; in the drilling process, when the percussion drill drills the underground river karst cave from top to bottom, the underground river karst cave is firstly processed, and then the percussion drill is used for drilling downwards; when the underground river karst cave is processed, the process is as follows: drilling of an inner protection casing installation hole, lowering of an inner protection casing, continuous drilling and plugging of a water source. The method is simple in step, reasonable in design, low in investment cost, convenient to achieve and good in construction effect, the drilling construction process of a drilling pile penetrating through the underground river karst cave can be easily, conveniently and quickly completed, cost is low and quality is high.

The invention relates to an experimental evaluation method of gas-injection displaceable oil of fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir. The method comprises the following steps in sequence: (1) making a fracture-cave type carbonate core model; (2) preparing an in-place oil sample and injected gas, and setting a pressure point p1 for gas injection and a pressure point p2 for gas injection termination; (3) recovering the original state of the core; (4) carrying out an exhaustion experiment from the top end of the core; (5) carrying out the gas-injection displaceable oil experiment for a plurality of times from the top end of the core at the formation temperature; and (6) calculating development indexes (of the gas injection displaceable oil experiment) such as the recovery efficiency of the raw oil, the gas-oil ratio, the gas-water ratio, and the like. By making a physical single fracture plane overall-diameter fracture-cave core model which keeps the completeness of the core, an experimental testing method for physical gas injection displaceable oil simulation is established, and a tool and a means for evaluating the recovery effect of the fracture-cave type carbonate is provided.

The invention discloses a construction method for penetrating through a large-scale vertical karst cave group tunnel. A technical measure of backfilling concrete to reserve a water passing channel is adopted for a large-scale vertical karst cave group, by strengthening support of a steel arch frame and a pipe shed for a karst cave section, a reinforced concrete beam plate structure is adopted to span on a karst cave section tunnel bottom, the bearing capacity of foundation is greatly improved, municipal bellows are pre-embedded into circumferential cracks of the vertical karst cave group and an arch karst cave before backfilling the concrete and are led to the water passing channel, the hidden danger of high-pressure karst water due to long-term water accumulation is eliminated, and the construction period and the security of future operation period are ensured. The construction method for penetrating through the large-scale vertical karst cave group tunnel is convenient to construct, the construction period is greatly shortened, the treatment filling effect of the karst cave is improved, the safety of subsequent construction is improved, material filling and the construction method are simple and convenient and without special requirements, and good use effect of field construction is obtained.

The invention discloses a karst geology rotary-drilling bored concrete pile hole forming process which includes the steps of 1, leveling a field; 2, paying off at a pile foundation; 3, setting a rotary drilling machine in place; 4, embedding a pile casing; 5, preparing mud stabilizing liquid and filling the mud stabilizing liquid into the pile casing; 6, forming holes by means of rotary drilling (with requirements of reducing drilling speed when drilling in karst caves or half rocks, otherwise, drilling to reach designed elevation ); 7, performing primary cleaning of holes and hole depth checking; 8, mounting a reinforced cage and a conduit; 9, performing secondary cleaning through air-lift reverse circulation; 10, pouring underwater concrete (while preparing extra 30-40 cubic meters of concrete with consideration of karst caves so as to prevent pile scrap caused by breakdown of the karst caves and sharp sinking of concrete); and 11, forming a pile and removing the pile casing.

The invention relates to a surface of bionic wear-resistant structure, in particular to a surface of ribbing bionic wear-resistant geometry structure; the surface of bionic wear-resistant structure is based on the squama surface of the soil and cave animal pangolin and has geometry structural characteristics of soil resistant grinding medium. The surface of bionic wear-resistant structure aims at solving the abrasion problem of the prior particulate material contact parts. The surface of bionic wear-resistant structure is characterized in that: the structure of original equipment or element and the surface of the contact material is changed; and the surface is newly provided with a series of ribbing structure which has a certain geometric parameters and space. The shape of the bionic wear-resistant structure is y=asin(bx+c), wherein a is amplitude, b is frequency and c is initial phase, and 0 F16S 5/00 F16S 1/00 A01B 15/00 A01B 33/10 A01C 5/00 A01D 13/00 B65G 15/30 B67C 11/00 B65D 90/02 E02F 9/00 F16L 57/06 4 3 1 2008/1/30 101225919 2008/7/23 000000000 Jilin University 130012 Tong Jin Rong Baojun Ma Yunhai Chen Donghui Sun Jiyu Zhou Jiang Yan Jiulin Chang Zhiyong Zhang Jinbo zhushi lin 22201 The Patent Agency of Jilin University No.83 Liberation Main Street, the City of Changchun, Jilin Province 130023

The invention discloses a method for exploiting coal-bed methane by utilizing a water force of a horizontal pinnate well of a double well-shaft to scour, drill and relieve pressure. The method comprises the following steps: drilling a straight drainage well (3), digging a hole in a section of a target coal-bed (2) and forming a pocket (4) after passing through the coal-bed; drilling a straight well section (9) and a building section (10) of a horizontal pinnate well (8) and placing a casing pipe for fixing the well; placing a water-spraying hose (12) connected with a high-pressure water pump (11) into the horizontal pinnate well (8); passing through a cave (5), scouring the coal-bed with a high-pressure jetted water and drilling along a horizontal direction, thereby forming a horizontal sectional main well hole (14); changing a jetting direction, and jetting a plurality of branched well holes (16) around the horizontal sectional main well hole (14); causing coal water to flow back to the pocket (4) during a jetting process, and discharging the coal water through a lifting device (6); separating through a methane, coal and water separating device (7); collecting and storing the coal and methane; and reusing the water to jet flow and scour under the well. The invention provides a new solution for ground gas production on a mellow and low-seepage coal bed.

The invention discloses a method for acquiring three-dimensional permeability fields of netted fracture-cave oil reservoirs. The method includes: establishing a three-dimensional porosity field of a netted oil reservoir, and determining quantitative relation between porosity and permeability of the oil reservoir; acquiring equivalent permeability of flat and tubular fractures and caves, determining the minimal critical permeability value, subjecting the permeability of the minimal critical permeability value to truncation processing by taking the critical permeability value as the maximal value so as to obtain an equivalent permeability value; correcting the permeability field subjected to the truncation processing with a tracer agent and an interference testing result; correcting the permeability field by the aid of the numerical simulation method. The permeability acquired plays a decisive role in knowing oil reservoir developing rules, predicting oil reservoir yield, optimizing and adjusting production layers, optimizing and adjusting well patterns and well spacing, researching residual oil exploiting rules, profile controlling and water blocking, formulating gas injection and water injection schemes, exploiting cost of the oil reservoirs is reduced, exploiting efficiency of the oil reservoirs is improved, and the purpose of increasing economic benefit of oil reservoir exploiting is achieved.

The invention relates to a method for treating a tunnel passing through underground river karst hall. The method comprises the following steps of: a, searching for the position of the underground river karst hall and analyzing geological features; b, excavating a service gallery to reveal the underground river karst hall; c, mechanically clearing rock mass with potential safety hazard, clearing accumulation bodies in the underground river hall to an appropriate position higher than the top of a tunnel, forming a diversion channel, arranging a retaining dam at an appropriate upstream position of an underground river and transferring open water current of the underground river to the diversion channel for draining; d, arranging a reinforced concrete bottom plate in the underground river hall, drilling holes downwards on the bottom plate and grouting to reinforce a karst cave accumulation body; and e, undermining the tunnel. The underground river karst hall is revealed in a way of arranging the service gallery and drainage, grouting and reinforcement are directly performed on the underground river, so that a passive mode is replaced by an active mode, an existing water path of the underground river is kept and the safety and reliability of tunnel construction and operation are ensured.

The invention belongs to the mining field and particularly relates to an ore-blast backfill synergetic mining method for a partitioned rock drilling stage of an inclined medium-thick ore body. According to the mining method, the partitioned rock drilling of fan-shaped blast holes of a trench ore section, annular blast holes of a non-triangular jamb and beam-shaped blast holes of triangular jamb in a rock drilling cave is realized based on different ore bodies and rock drilling conditions, the problem of blasting of a hanging side triangular jamb is solved, and the blasting effect of the annular blast holes in the rock drilling cave is improved; by comprehensively utilizing the dead load and the blasting-power handling of the ore body, the concentrated ore gathering of ores in ore gathering tunnels of trenches of different partitioned mining sections and the concentrated ore removal of ore removal lands and ore removal approach roads in the stage are realized, and the centralized working scale and efficiency of mining are improved; and by virtue of interval recovery, subsequent cementing and non-cementing synergetic backfilling on ore chambers and jambs, the continuity of the mining process among different mining sections is realized, and an efficient, safe and low-cost continuous mining method is provided for the inclined medium-thick ore bodies with medium stability and higher stability.