207 results about "Fracture zone" patented technology

The invention discloses a three-dimensional geological model dynamic updating system and method based on multi-modal data fusion, and belongs to the technical field of geological engineering and information. According to the method, multi-source data of geological radar, earthquake, drilling, remote sensing and the like are integrated, and after unified formatting and quality optimization preprocessing, geological features of a stratum interface, a fault zone and the like are automatically extracted by using a deep learning network; multi-source feature data fusion is realized through space-time registration and attention; constructing a three-dimensional geologic model by adopting a TIN and Octree mixed structure based on a fusion result; dynamic updating of the model is realized through incremental detection and a local reconstruction mechanism, and the boundary of the model is optimized by adopting a radial basis function interpolation. According to the method, the problems of single data, updating lag and the like of a traditional method are solved, the modeling precision and efficiency are remarkably improved, and reliable support is provided for geological engineering decision making.

The invention discloses a key layer presplitting settlement control method based on overlying strata fracture angle arrangement. The method comprises the steps that geological mining parameters of a target mine are collected and determined; based on the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock stratum, determining the horizon height of the key stratum in combination with a thick and hard rock stratum judgment criterion; according to coal seam mining parameters and overlying strata lithology, the height of a water flowing fractured zone is judged, and high and low horizon classification is conducted on the water flowing fractured zone by combining the horizon of the key horizon; according to the development law of overlying strata damage along the fracture angle from bottom to top, the presplitting position in the horizontal direction of each layer key layer in the presplitting range is calculated and determined, and full-section directional presplitting cutting is carried out; based on thick and hard rock stratum mining-induced stress distribution characteristics and a damage deformation transmission mechanism, a working face moving boundary and a reduction distance of a building (structure) protection coal pillar after key stratum presplitting are calculated and determined. According to the method, presplitting implementation is guided based on the key layer fracture rule, and a new technical approach is provided for subsidence control of the mining area.

The invention relates to a geological fracture recognition method based on multi-source geophysical data and a computer system, and solves the problem of high-precision recognition of tiny fractures and complex fracture zones. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring gravitational field model data, full-tensor gravity gradient data and aeromagnetic data of a target area, and carrying out gridding processing, pole conversion processing and edge expansion preprocessing on the data; performing boundary identification calculation on the preprocessed data by adopting a traditional physical field multi-derivative algorithm to generate a first group of boundary information A; carrying out boundary recognition calculation on the preprocessed data by adopting a gravity and full-tensor gravity gradient combined derivative algorithm (an enhanced total horizontal gradient derivative algorithm, a combined derivative algorithm and a combined oblique derivative algorithm) to generate a second group of boundary information B, and carrying out boundary recognition calculation on the preprocessed data by adopting an image edge detection algorithm to generate a second group of boundary information B; generating a third group of boundary information C; and carrying out weighted fusion on the three groups of boundary information to obtain a final fracture identification result.

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and geological radar combined gold vein rapid positioning method, which comprises the following steps: S1, arranging an exploration survey line in a pre-selected exploration area; s2, along the same measuring line, measuring the content of the gold mineralization indication element in the earth surface or the shallow medium by using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, synchronously recording the position information of a measuring point, and generating element content spatial distribution data; the gold mineralization indicating element comprises at least one of arsenic As, antimony Sb and mercury Hg; s3, carrying out detection by using a geological radar along the same measuring line, obtaining a reflected wave signal of an underground medium, synchronously recording position information of a detection point, identifying fault zone and joint zone geological structure anomalous bodies through data processing, and generating geological radar space distribution data; through XRF and GPR data fusion, a CAI quantitative model is established to precisely delineate an ore prospecting target area, a hidden ore body is effectively identified, the exploration precision and efficiency are greatly improved, and the exploration cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a slope monitoring method and system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and relates to the technical field of intelligent geological disaster monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: carrying a magnetic gradient measurement unit and a laser radar through the unmanned aerial vehicle, and collecting magnetic gradient tensor collection and slope surface point cloud from multiple heights and multiple routes; on the basis of a gradient adaptive weighted total variation inversion method, slope gradient information extracted by a digital elevation model is introduced into regularization weight adjustment, so that an inversion result can be adaptively adjusted in different gradient areas; based on a magnetic susceptibility distribution model, a magnetic construction adaptive clustering and risk index calculation method is used, and through amplitude density index and gradient constraint search, clustering identification and risk quantitative partitioning of a high-gradient accumulation area are carried out. Therefore, expansion from surface slope deformation monitoring to deep concealed structure detection is realized, and concealed slip zones or fissure zones can be accurately revealed under complex terrain conditions.

The invention provides a roof-based subsidence monitoring method for a middle-deep underground mining mine, which comprises the following steps: S1, a deep anchor type anchoring datum point is arranged in a stable rock mass, far away from a mining disturbance area, of a mine roadway or a goaf, and the depth of the deep anchor type anchoring datum point needs to penetrate through a fissure zone and go deep into an original rock stress area; s2, a displacement sensor is installed at the key part of the top plate of the area to be monitored, and the displacement sensor is configured to take the deep anchor type anchoring datum point as a physical zero point; s3, acquiring a distance change original signal of the roof relative to the deep anchor type anchoring datum point through a displacement sensor, and directly acquiring roof subsidence data; and S4, performing signal noise reduction, anomaly detection, nonlinear feature analysis and parameter inversion on the roof subsidence data by using a computer system, and triggering an early warning mechanism when the roof is judged to be in an unstable state or a subsidence parameter exceeds a critical threshold. And an unstable bottom plate is fundamentally abandoned as a measurement basis, and the authenticity and the accuracy of the subsidence data of the top plate are ensured.

The invention provides a drilling operation method adopting a pipe shed drilling machine, and belongs to the technical field of drilling operation of drilling machines. Initial positioning deviation is controlled through three-dimensional positioning calibration of a guide pipe and a space stabilization structure, drilling track deviation correction is achieved through real-time monitoring of a hole inclination angle and an eccentric drilling tool; the method comprises the following steps: dynamically adjusting drilling parameters according to a geological radar detection lithology type, establishing a slurry seepage diffusion fluid-solid coupling model to calculate a slurry diffusion radius and a filling rate, establishing a double-layer game optimization model to solve a Nash equilibrium point of grouting pressure and a slurry water-cement ratio, and adopting double-slurry pre-plugging combined with superfine cement reinforcement for a fracture zone. A drill rod and stratum interaction finite element model is established to recognize the dangerous section position, and a stabilizer or a thickened drill rod is additionally arranged, so that the technical problem that grouting reinforcement parameters and drilling track control precision are difficult to optimize synchronously in the pipe shed drilling process is solved.

The invention belongs to the field of rock burst prevention and control coal mining methods, and particularly relates to a roof-cutting pressure-relief coal mining method under the stratum condition of a deeply-buried sandstone group. Comprising the following steps: respectively constructing detection drill holes inside and outside a first mining working face, and checking an interface in a stratum in a hydraulic pressure test mode so as to accurately determine a key layer. On the basis, on the basis of gob-side entry retaining, roof cutting drill holes are creatively constructed in a roof cutting special roadway and a transportation roadway correspondingly, so that roof cutting work is conducted on key layers in a bent sinking zone rock stratum, a water flowing fissure zone and a caving zone rock stratum in a roof; therefore, the suspended roof length of a part of the water flowing fractured zone rock stratum and the caving zone rock stratum is reduced but still reserved, the supporting force needing to be borne by the gob-side entry retaining is reduced, and a sheltering space is provided for the gob-side entry retaining. The bent sinking zone rock stratum is subjected to vertical drilling top cutting, and a top cutting transition area is reserved, so that superposition of fracture of the bent sinking zone rock stratum and fracture of the water flowing fissure zone rock stratum can be reduced, and the stratum pressure needing to be borne by gob-side entry retaining is reduced to the maximum extent.

The invention discloses an anti-seismic test simulation system for a mountain tunnel crossing a fault fracture zone. The anti-seismic test simulation system comprises a basic vibration unit, a differential loading model box unit, a surrounding rock ground stress simulation unit, a tunnel structure simulation unit and a control acquisition unit. The basic vibration unit simulates seismic oscillation, the differential loading model box unit is arranged above the basic vibration unit and comprises a fixed model box, an active model box and a planar differential driving platform, the planar differential driving platform drives the active model box to move to simulate fault movement, and a follow-up telescopic supporting bottom plate is arranged in the bottom surface of the fixed model box; an annular fault fracture zone simulation unit which is convenient to replace and is integrated with a seepage pipe assembly is arranged on the tunnel structure simulation unit, the surrounding rock crustal stress simulation unit is used for applying crustal stress, and a sensor network is arranged in the tunnel structure simulation unit to collect dynamic response data. According to the invention, accurate coupling simulation of earthquake and fault movement is realized, the test efficiency is high, and reliable test support can be provided for tunnel engineering.

The invention discloses a strike-slip fault zone activity ability evaluation method based on a finite element method, and the method comprises the steps: determining the three-dimensional space distribution characteristics of a strike-slip fault zone, determining the evaluation range of the activity ability of the strike-slip fault zone, determining the ground stress state of a research region, carrying out the finite element stress analysis, and carrying out the simulation data of the ground stress distribution, thereby achieving the evaluation of the activity ability of the strike-slip fault zone. The method comprises the following steps: calculating the acting force of different parts of a strike-slip fault zone, calculating two parameters for evaluating the activity capability of the strike-slip fault zone, optimizing the data distribution range of the two parameters according to the strike-slip fault zone activity capability evaluation threshold values of the two parameters, and screening the data capable of being used for evaluating the activity capability of the strike-slip fault zone by utilizing a cumulative multiplication method, so as to evaluate the activity capability of the strike-slip fault zone. The invention relates to a method for finely evaluating active parts of strike-slip fault zones and activity of different parts. According to the method, the activity capability difference of different parts of the strike-slip fault zone can be quantitatively judged, and an effective scheme is provided for professional technicians for researching activity capability evaluation of the strike-slip fault zone and well location deployment.

The present application relates to a kind of ground penetrating radar detection and disease treatment method for deep high pressure tunnel, and the field measuring line is the net structure of two horizontal and two vertical, radar transmitting antenna continuously emits pulsed high frequency electromagnetic wave to underground, receiving antenna receives the reflection wave and transmission wave generated by interface or target body with electrical difference, the property of target body is determined according to the form, strength and its change of radar map reflection wave, and forecast is formed;Forecast content includes four aspects of whether there is broken rock stratum in the surrounding rock in front of working face, whether there is water-rich rock stratum in the surrounding rock in front of working face, whether there is the possibility of water or mud inrush in the surrounding rock in front of working face, and fault fracture zone and its water content in front of working face;Treatment scheme is formulated according to forecast content, combined with engineering profile summary, survey and construction design document and construction specification.

The invention discloses a mining area water diversion fissure zone top boundary blocking and water reducing method for preventing fissure reexpansion, which comprises the following steps: determining a grouting water interception and emission reduction treatment area of a mining area, judging the type of a water diversion fissure, and taking an upward opening fissure and a closed fissure as grouting areas; the method comprises the following steps: based on the constraint of a critical range of safe compressive strength of a consolidation body of grouting pressure and grouting liquid, on the basis of determining development characteristics of the water flowing fractures and a target grouting range, performing grouting plugging on a weathered bedrock layer where the top boundary of the water flowing fractured zone is located, by means of the method, exploring channel seam searching-filling plugging-stable water-resisting layer rebuilding is achieved, so that slurry leakage is reduced, the grouting cost is reduced, and the conditions of water guiding fracture reexpansion and loose phreatic aquifer water loss are effectively restrained; the technical problems that secondary damage is caused to overlying strata of a coal seam roof and the water plugging effect is poor due to the fact that in a crack plugging method in the prior art, the grouting pressure and the specific gravity of grout are difficult to grasp are solved.

The invention discloses a variable density seismic acquisition method for a complex fault zone, electronic equipment, a storage medium and a device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data of a target area; determining a first observation system parameter based on the seismic data; constructing a three-dimensional geophysical model of the target area based on the seismic data; determining a second observation system parameter based on the three-dimensional geophysical model; determining a conventional three-dimensional observation system scheme based on the first observation system parameters; determining a high-density three-dimensional observation system scheme based on the second observation system parameters; and determining conventional and high-density three-dimensional casing mining system schemes based on the conventional three-dimensional observation system scheme and the high-density three-dimensional observation system scheme. According to a conventional and high-density three-dimensional casing mining system scheme, on the basis of conventional three-dimensional acquisition, bunchy high-density three-dimensional acquisition is carried out around a complex fault zone, high-precision imaging of the complex fault zone is achieved, exploration and development of complex fractured oil and gas reservoirs are supported, and the purpose of high yield of thin wells is achieved.

The invention discloses an application method of a flexible device for an anti-seismic experiment of a linear structure across an earthquake fracture zone. The experimental device comprises a model box body connected to each bottom plate, a rolling support assembly connected between the two bottom plates and located above the bottom plates, a vertical connecting piece and a bottom connecting piece which are connected to the upper portion of the rolling support assembly, and a supporting unit connected to the vertical connecting piece and the bottom connecting piece and horizontally arranged. The supporting unit is arranged in the model box body and is vertically arranged; and a linear construction body penetrates through the two model box bodies. The supporting units are arranged between the layers of the model box body, so that simulation of a constraint mode of a viscoelastic boundary of a linear structure during an anti-seismic experiment is facilitated; the supporting units are horizontally arranged, and the rolling support assemblies are combined, so that the connection integrity and the flexible connection of the joints are guaranteed. Through determination of each parameter of a linear component, manufacturing of a model box body, acquisition and processing of monitoring data and other experimental methods, simulation of an anti-seismic experiment is performed more carefully and accurately.

The invention discloses a rock mass mechanical parameter determination method and system for a rock slope blasting excavation damage area, particularly relates to the technical field of rock mass engineering stability evaluation, and is used for solving the problem of misalignment of parameter characterization caused by neglecting a damage area rock bridge and fracture zone composite structure in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a point load test in a damage area and identifying non-unimodal distribution data; combining fracture catalog data, fusing penetrability fracture density segmentation capability and a dominant inclination angle direction failure effect to generate a collaborative isolation parameter, and dividing a residual rock bridge and fracture fracture zone spatial distribution mode according to the collaborative isolation parameter; accurately classifying the intensity data into two types of subsets based on space mapping; and finally, macro-mechanical parameters are generated through weighted fusion of the area proportion and the double-source strength statistical value, the rock mass strength prediction precision of the blasting damage area is remarkably improved, and a reliable basis is provided for slope stability analysis and support design.

This invention discloses a method for in-situ protection of aquifers through cemented backfilling in fractured zones, belonging to the field of water-conserving mining technology. By acquiring the geological and mining technical conditions of the coal face, the key bearing strata are determined based on the key layer theory. The development height of the caving zone and the water-conducting fracture zone is calculated. When a key bearing stratum exists within 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the height of the water-conducting fracture zone, a fixed-stratum backfilling mode is adopted, determining the bottom of the key bearing stratum as the backfilling layer and using a fixed cemented backfilling step distance. When no key bearing stratum exists within this range, a variable-stratum backfilling mode is adopted. The backfilling layer is determined according to the evolution law of the water-conducting fracture zone, and the choice between fixed cemented backfilling step distance or no fixed cemented backfilling step distance is determined based on the coal seam thickness. This invention achieves adaptive selection of backfilling modes and quantitative determination of backfilling parameters, reducing the risk of hydraulic connectivity between the water-conducting fracture zone and the overlying aquifer, and realizing in-situ protection of the aquifer.

The invention discloses a tectonic geochemical earthquake precursor anomaly discrimination index extraction method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining monitoring data of a monitored target fault zone, carrying out the analysis of the monitoring data based on a tectonic geochemical method, determining the cross-fault soil gas spatio-temporal evolution characteristic data of the monitored target fault zone, and carrying out the analysis of the cross-fault soil gas spatio-temporal evolution characteristic data of the monitored target fault zone. And according to the monitored cross-fault soil gas spatio-temporal evolution characteristic data of the target fault zone and the response change relationship of the cross-fault soil gas concentration intensity of the fault zone to the earthquake, extracting an earthquake precursor anomaly discrimination index. Monitoring data of a target fault zone are analyzed based on a tectonic geochemical method, and then the fault zone is analyzed according to the analyzed cross-fault soil gas spatio-temporal evolution data and the response change relation of the cross-fault soil gas concentration intensity of the fault zone to an earthquake, which is obtained through a solid body earthquake-inducing mode. According to the invention, data quantification of the earthquake precursor anomaly discrimination index can be realized, the problem that only the earthquake precursor anomaly index can be qualitatively researched at present is solved, and the accuracy of earthquake prediction is improved.

The utility model discloses a kind of transverse underground monitors, including inductor, the number of inductor is 4, 4 inductors are connected by end cap, form a cylindrical structure, inductor inside is provided with cavity, one side is provided with the liquid inlet that is linked with cavity, pressure transmission pipeline is set on liquid inlet, liquid is injected into the cavity of inductor by pressure transmission pipeline and keeps basic pressure, pressure sensor is set on pressure transmission pipeline, pressure sensor is used to monitor the liquid pressure in inductor, temperature sensor and moisture sensor are also set on inductor, temperature sensor and moisture sensor are used to monitor the temperature and moisture information of stratum, the stratum temperature monitored can correct the pressure change caused by temperature change, the utility model is monitored by inductor the longitude and latitude direction stress change in deep place below the position where monitor is located, real-time monitoring is carried out to the environment such as coal mine, roadway, tunnel, seismic fracture zone prone to geological disasters.

The present application provides a fracture zone plane feature detection method, device, equipment and medium, including: obtaining three-dimensional seismic data corresponding to a plurality of spatial positions in the fracture zone; determining the dip angle and azimuth angle of the geological texture in the target spatial position according to the three-dimensional seismic data, and the coordinates of the spatial position corresponding to the geological texture, determining the analysis time window corresponding to the geological texture; calculating the surface coefficient of the geological texture according to the analysis time window; the surface coefficient is introduced into the fracture enhanced curvature function to obtain the curvature value of the geological texture; according to the curvature value of the geological texture, the projection of the spatial position corresponding to the geological texture and the ground parallel direction is calculated; all spatial positions are projected and reorganized to obtain a fracture zone image. Through the above method, the description effect of the geological texture characteristics is enhanced, the fracture enhanced curvature function can comprehensively represent the appearance of the geological texture in each analysis time window, and a fracture zone image which can comprehensively represent the fracture zone plane feature is obtained.

The invention discloses a phase control prediction method for a tight sandstone breaking joint body based on pre-stack and post-stack combined constraint, and relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration. According to the method, delamination processing is carried out on the post-stack data, multi-attribute collaborative analysis is utilized, and the macroscopic boundary of the fracture zone is accurately described to serve as the geological constraint; under the boundary constraint, advantage features of multiple pre-stack fracture prediction results are intelligently fused through the fuzzy competitive neural network, full-scale three-dimensional representation of a fracture system is achieved, the accuracy, reliability and geological consistency of fracture prediction are improved, and a more accurate and reliable decision basis is provided for oil-gas exploration and development of complex reservoirs.

The invention provides a fault control fracture-cavity modeling method utilizing geological trend factor constraints, and relates to the technical field of oil-gas exploration, and the method comprises the steps: calculating seismic coherent body attributes based on post-stack seismic data, obtaining the overall space distribution characteristics of geological structure anomalies and the like, and depicting a strike-slip fracture zone boundary model U1 (x, y, z); calculating the spatial development intensity I1 (x, y, z) of the crack and the hole body based on the distance influence factors from the fracture zone; the longitudinal development strength I2 (x, y, z) of the crack and the hole body is restrained by using the buried depth trend of the stratum, and the comprehensive spatial distribution trend strength Itotal of the crack and the hole body is constructed. The space trend constraint and the stochastic simulation technology are combined, and a space distribution model of the cracks and the hole bodies is established. The model established by the method is more in line with actual space distribution characteristics of cracks and holes in a work area. The method is applied to carrying out numerical simulation research, and is helpful for finding more effective means for processing the fault control fracture-cavity body.

The application discloses a kind of based on spatial intelligence's active fault three-dimensional model automatic construction method, belong to geological exploration and earthquake engineering technical field;Method includes: collection data, analysis and extract minimum complete subdirectory;Through adaptive threshold hierarchical clustering combined with improved RANSAC algorithm, the exclusive small earthquake cluster of each fault is automatically identified;Based on local weighted regression, three-dimensional automatic slice is made to small earthquake cluster, and each profile fault interpretation line is fitted by moving least square method;Finally, active fault three-dimensional fine model is constructed;Test model rationality and output model file;The application realizes the automation, quantification of fault modeling whole process, can be fused multi-source data and realize multi-element constraint modeling, adapt complex fault zone modeling, and the fine three-dimensional model constructed can provide key data support for fault present-day deformation inversion, three-dimensional potential source research, earthquake geological disaster assessment, with higher engineering application value.

The invention discloses a method and system for identifying the internal structure of a carbonate fault fracture zone, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the processing of stratum waveform separation, enabling the obtained data to further highlight the reservoir features of weak seismic reflection features, removing the low-frequency features in the processing process, and highlighting the seismic response features of small-fault-displacement fractures; according to seismic phase decomposition and reconstruction, a phase is combined into an amplitude spectrum, so that the characteristics of a hole reservoir are well represented; data are explained through an internal label, differences of the data in scale, development orientation, feature strength and the like are overcome, feature enhancement confirmation of three-dimensional probability is ensured, and then a final identification result is obtained through identification and fusion. The seismic response characteristics of the weak-amplitude hidden karst reservoir are improved, and the boundary of the development zone of the broken-control karst reservoir is clearer.

The application discloses a kind of deep foundation pit active compensation support design methods of soil and rock combination stratum, belong to geotechnical mechanics field, first carry out geological survey to the excavation foundation pit, then carry out support scheme design based on obtained geological exploration parameter, and according to whether using long and short anchor cable support and double gradient grouting technology etc., combined with engineering actual design monitoring scheme;And creatively adopt anchor cable construction mode, combined with high pre-tight NPR anchor cable, W steel band etc. Measure, complete the point-line-surface active support of high prestress compensation to foundation pit excavation face.This scheme abandons traditional passive support mode, but takes active compensation mode, according to the stress lost after actual stratum excavation, carries out support parameter design to high prestress NPR anchor cable, realizes the compensation measure to foundation pit, and according to fault, fracture zone etc. Geological condition encountered in actual foundation pit construction process, respectively proposed corresponding support measure, improved foundation pit compensation support design scheme.

The invention relates to a multidirectional collaborative supporting method for a roadway broken zone. The multidirectional collaborative supporting method for the tunnel crushed zone comprises the steps that 1, construction preparation is conducted; 2, drilling and grouting integrated advanced consolidation is conducted; 3, a supporting device is arranged; 4, guniting and sealing; 5, secondary grouting is conducted; step 6, quality detection; wherein the down-the-hole drill firstly performs drilling positioning, then the down-the-hole drill is matched with the hollow drill rod to drill to a stable rock stratum behind a fracture zone, the hole depth is 5-10 m, the dip angle is 5-10 degrees, a drill bit does not retreat, then quick-setting slurry is injected in a pressurized mode through a center channel of the drill rod, the pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, the quick-setting slurry forms an umbrella-shaped reinforcing arch, and transverse reinforcing is formed. According to the scheme provided by the invention, drilling and grouting integrated advanced consolidation of fractured rock mass prone to collapse can be realized, an advanced reinforcement arch is formed, and the fractured rock mass is stabilized in advance; manual intervention is reduced through modular supporting, the installation efficiency is improved, and therefore collapse caused by the fact that a collapse area cannot be supported in time is avoided, supporting and stabilizing are combined in multiple directions, and the safety of a roadway is improved.

The application provides a simulation system and experimental method for fracture water-bearing zone with periodic heat storage, and relates to the technical field of geothermal energy development and underground energy storage, which comprises a model box, the model box is filled with a porous medium, at least one fracture zone structure is constructed in the porous medium, and the fracture zone structure is filled with a material with a permeability greater than that of the porous medium; an injection-production circulation system, the injection-production circulation system comprises an injection well and a production well, and is buried in the porous medium in the model box; the injection well and the production well are connected to a fluid circulation system through pipelines, the fluid circulation system has switchable first and second working modes, wherein, in the first working mode, high-temperature hot water is provided to the injection well, and in the second working mode, the hot water extracted from the production well is recirculated to the injection well after being cooled; and a monitoring unit, the monitoring unit at least comprises a plurality of sensors for collecting temperature and pressure data inside the model box. The application effectively improves the simulation accuracy of the fracture zone on the water and heat migration process.

The invention discloses a novel composite toughening structure and a construction method thereof.The structure is composed of a plurality of composite board sets which are closely arranged in parallel along the outline of an inverted arch, each composite board set is composed of a plurality of composite toughening boards which are spliced in the direction of a tunnel, and each composite toughening board comprises a high-strength polyurethane foam base board and a high-damping toughening rubber block; the high-damping toughening rubber blocks are connected with the high-strength polyurethane foam base plate through the connecting steel bars, the stiffening steel plates are embedded in the high-damping toughening rubber blocks, and the two composite toughening plates are spliced in a sliding mode through a plurality of Z-shaped connecting pieces which are arranged side by side in the left-right direction. And the earthquake damage of the tunnel lining is obviously reduced.

A method for identifying fractured and porous zones using P-wave and S-wave logging is proposed. First, a nonlinear relationship between P-wave and S-wave logging data of the target formation is fitted based on density, natural gamma, and full-wave logging data. The S-wave logging curves for all wells are then calculated based on this relationship. Second, the P-wave and S-wave velocity ratios of the wells are calculated. Third, the P-wave and S-wave velocity ratios of mudstone with a certain thickness in the target formation are identified and statistically analyzed. If the P-wave and S-wave velocity ratio of a mudstone section is less than 1.7, similar to the sandstone layers above and below, and significantly lower than the corresponding values ​​of the overlying and underlying mudstone, it indicates the presence of fractures or pores in or near that mudstone section. Alternatively, it suggests that the well is located on a strike-slip fault zone, and the fractured and porous low-Vp / Vs mudstone section is near the fault location. This method offers low cost and high accuracy in identifying downhole fractures and pores. It has significant practical value for identifying drilling mud loss sections, sweet spots in tight oil and gas and shale oil and gas, evaluating production capacity, determining reservoir formation models, assessing fracturing, and determining oil, gas, and water permeability.

Disclosed is a simulative soil and rock box body having a universal connection assembly for a fault fracture zone. The box body includes an end face opening, and a first box body and a second box body which are placed opposite the opening, where a fracture zone formation space which is formed in a spaced manner is arranged between the first box body and the second box body, the universal connection assembly is arranged at the fracture zone formation space, and the first box body and the second box body are connected through the universal connection assembly. According to the present disclosure, telescopic rods are arranged at the joint between support assemblies at the first box body and the second box body, and universal joints at end portions of the telescopic rods ensure that the telescopic rods can move in a wider range of angles.

The invention relates to the technical field of mining production, in particular to a supporting method used when a tunneling roadway passes through a fracture crushed zone of a water diversion fault, and aims to solve the problems that when the tunneling roadway passes through the fracture crushed zone of the fault at present, due to the fact that the traditional supporting mode of the roadway is single, roadway roof fall and wall caving safety accidents are extremely likely to happen. According to the method, aiming at complex geological characteristics of a river bed and fault intersection area, a combined process of steel arch advanced shape control and concrete arch permanent shape fixation is selected, material mechanics, rock and soil mechanics and engineering construction principles are combined, the integrity of broken rock mass is improved through grouting, and through the synergistic effect of steel arch advanced support and concrete arch support, the shape of the broken rock mass is effectively improved. The stable control of the surrounding rock of the tunneling roadway is realized, the sequential connection of temporary support and permanent support, the overall stress of the steel arch and the rigid bearing of concrete are ensured, an active constraint-passive resistance support body is formed, and the situation that a single support mode is difficult to deal with the surrounding rock instability risk is effectively avoided.