The invention discloses a channel excavation model construction method, and aims to solve the problems of difficulty in mastering geological conditions, frequent back break, low construction efficiency and the like caused by the fact that traditional channel excavation construction depends on experience and lacks accurate model guidance. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting channel geological data covering rock soil layer distribution,
landform and other information; cleaning, filtering, de-noising and fusing the data, and establishing a unified
database; a three-dimensional channel geologic model is constructed by using professional
modeling software and a
Kriging interpolation method, and the model is endowed with physical parameters and visualized. Determining excavation boundary and depth according to channel design requirements and the geologic model, and creating an excavation model and fusing the excavation model with the geologic model. The fusion process comprises the steps of
data integration preprocessing, space registration and attribute association fusion, and finally, three-
dimensional modeling and
visualization technology display are carried out. And after the scene model is constructed, different excavation schemes are simulated by using
finite element analysis software in combination with a construction scheme and equipment parameters, the geological
mass mechanical response, the
slope stability and the land
subsidence condition are analyzed, and the optimal scheme is selected. During construction, a field sensor is used for collecting data to update the model in real time, and a constructor adjusts an excavation scheme according to the model. The method can improve excavation precision, guarantee construction safety, optimize
resource utilization and improve construction efficiency, and is of great significance to navigation channel
engineering construction.