The invention relates to a straight gear meshing stiffness calculation method considering complex matrix and crack propagation, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an overall flexibility matrix of a driving wheel and a driven wheel of a meshing gear based on a finite element theory, and determining an overall flexibility matrix of a possible contact point at each meshing position; Introducing a nonlinear Hertz contact theory, and calculating a contact flexibility matrix of possible contact points at each meshing position; And introducing the overall flexibility matrix, the contact flexibility matrix and the initial gap vector of the possible contact point into a deformation coordination equation, and calculating the meshing stiffness of the meshing position. According to the method, crack propagation paths obtained through fracture mechanics can be considered at the same time, and the influence of a complex matrix structure (including a web structure and a lightening hole structure) on the meshing rigidity of the straight gear can be considered at the same time. According to the method, the straight gear meshing stiffness considering the gear web structure, the lighteninghole structure and the crack propagation path can be calculated at the same time. The result of the method is verified by adopting a three-dimensional contact finite element method, and the result shows that the method disclosed by the invention has higher precision for calculating the meshing stiffness of the crack-containing complex matrix gear.