The invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis, in particular to a sun gear fault tooth positioning method based on combination of rotor sensing and tidal period effect, which comprises the following steps of: fixing a sensor module on an input shaft of a planetary gear box through a
thermocouple adhesive, establishing a
reference frame of a fixed shaft
system and a rotating coordinate
system, collecting
radial vibration signals, and determining the
radial vibration signals; mathematical modeling analysis is carried out on the collected
radial vibration signals, and low-frequency components of the vibration signals are extracted by using a low-pass filter and can be used as
absolute phase reference signals; the method comprises the following steps: performing
time domain compensation on a meshing event of a sun gear and a single planetary gear by calculating meshing dynamic excitation time offset of the sun gear and simplifying a gearbox model, and ensuring the integrity of the single-tooth meshing times of the sun gear in a complete meshing period, so as to accurately analyze the meshing characteristics of each
single tooth of the sun gear and the planetary gear; a sun gear fault working condition is simulated through an experiment, and periodic change of fault tooth meshing is analyzed; deterministic components and random components in the vibration signals are separated through
cepstrum analysis; a band-pass filter is used for extracting gear meshing components from deterministic components; a
minimum entropy deconvolution filtering technology and a square envelope technology are used for carrying out fault feature enhancement on random components; finally,
absolute phase reference provided by
gravitational acceleration of a rotor
perception sensor is used, and a tidal period effect is combined; and calculating a single-tooth meshing
frequency code of the fault tooth
lag absolute phase reference point, and determining the position of the fault tooth by using different codes corresponding to different fault positions. The complexity of the
monitoring system is effectively reduced, the influence of monitoring equipment on the operation of the planetary gear box is reduced, and the fault positioning accuracy of the sun gear is effectively improved.