Patents
Literature
Patsnap Eureka AI that helps you search prior art, draft patents, and assess FTO risks, powered by patent and scientific literature data.

43 results about "Axial compression" patented technology

Axial compression. A type of force, especially on the foot and vertebral column, in which body weight falls centrally on a particular bone, causing bony impaction.

Method for manufacturing a disc spring, and disc spring

ActiveCN116406440BAxial compressionSliding contact
The manufacturing method of the disc spring is as follows: the disc spring has a spring body (1e) formed in a ring shape, the spring body (1e) has an outer peripheral surface (1a) facing the outer side in the radial direction, an inner peripheral surface (1b) facing the inner side in the radial direction, an outer peripheral edge (1c) which is an end surface of the outer side in the radial direction, and an inner peripheral edge (1d) which is an end surface of the inner side in the radial direction, in a state where a support body (11) supporting at least the outer end portion in the radial direction of the inner peripheral surface (1b) exerts an axial compression force along the central axis of the spring body on the spring body, the support body and the spring body are relatively rotated around the central axis while being in sliding contact with each other, so as to exert a compression residual stress on at least the outer end portion in the radial direction of the inner peripheral surface.
Owner:NHK SPRING CO LTD

A test device and test system for mechanical properties of an elastic bearing

ActiveCN224317308UMachine bearings testingTest efficiencyAxial compression
The utility model discloses a kind of test device and test system of elastic bearing mechanical property, belong to elastic bearing performance test technical field, for solving the test device structure of elastic bearing mechanical property Complex, bulky, high cost and the problem of cumbersome test process. The test device of elastic bearing mechanical property of the utility model, including mounting, bending moment loading unit and axial compression unit;The two ends of mounting are used to respectively connect the inner ring end of two elastic bearings;Bending moment loading unit includes pivot, pivot's axis line and the axis line of two elastic bearings vertical intersection, and one end of pivot is fixedly connected with mounting;Axial compression unit is used to exert bidirectional axial static compression load to the outer ring end of two elastic bearings. The test device and test system of the utility model reduce the complexity and cost of test device and test system, improve the reliability and test efficiency of test device.
Owner:HARBIN UNITED AIRCRAFT TECH CO LTD

Self-adapting pure axial force measurement system for high-temperature structural test and measurement method

PendingCN122360761APull forceAxial compression
This invention belongs to the field of structural axial force measurement systems, and discloses an adaptive pure axial force measurement system and method for high-temperature structural testing. By adaptively rotating the connecting threaded rod, this invention allows the direction of the force transmitted from the test piece to the spoke-type tension / compression sensor to be adjusted according to the deformation state of the test piece. This reduces the influence of additional bending moments, eccentric loads, and non-axial components on the measurement results, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of axial force measurement in high-temperature structural testing. This invention uses a spoke-type tension / compression sensor as the force measuring element. When the test piece undergoes axial tension, a tensile force is applied to the spoke-type tension / compression sensor; when the test piece undergoes axial compression, a compressive force is applied to the spoke-type tension / compression sensor. Therefore, it can meet the measurement needs of both tensile and compressive conditions in high-temperature structural testing.
Owner:XI'AN UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

A stent

ActiveCN120478009BStentsSurgeryAxial compressionStent implantation
The application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a stent, which comprises a main body structure, the main body structure comprises a plurality of annular structures and a plurality of connecting bridges, the annular structures are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner along the axial direction in a Z-shaped mode, the plurality of annular structures are connected to form the stent whole through the connecting bridges, and the lengths of the annular structures arranged in the Z-shaped mode are different. The annular structures are arranged in the rotationally symmetrical manner along the axial direction in the Z-shaped mode, the annular structures are connected to form the stent whole through the connecting bridges, the main body structure as a whole is deformed into a three-dimensional spiral type or an S-shaped mode, and the local part is not easy to stack, the problem that the stent cannot well adapt to the deformation of a blood vessel when the blood vessel is compressed and bent in the axial direction after the stent is implanted is solved, the stent and the blood vessel are synchronized in complex deformation (such as axial compression, bending and torsion), and therefore the mechanical stimulation to the blood vessel wall is reduced.
Owner:HANGZHOU ANT TIANGONG INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CO LTD

Rotary damping adjustable medical tower

ActiveCN224461932UAxial compressionControl theory
The utility model relates to medical tower structure technical field, concretely points to a kind of medical tower of rotary damping adjustable. Including main shaft, the main shaft is vertically arranged, and main shaft bottom end is equipped with connecting block, and connecting block is equipped with damping pivot;First cantilever, the first cantilever one end is connected in connecting block around vertical shaft rotation by damping pivot, and the other end is equipped with the first medical function box of installing airflow interface and power interface;The damping pivot includes outer tube, the flexible damping sleeve of abutting sleeve in outer tube, the inner shaft of abutting sleeve in damping sleeve, the limiting member of one end axial limiting of damping sleeve and adjusting part, the adjusting part is set on inner shaft or outer tube along inner shaft axial adjustable, and adjusting part is equipped with the pusher of abutting compression damping sleeve other end. Axial movement adjusting part makes pusher axial compression damping sleeve, and damping sleeve radial expansion friction force to inner shaft and outer tube becomes big, realize adjusting rotation damping, simple structure, convenient to use.
Owner:XINJIANG CARDIOVASCULAR & CEREBROVASCULAR HOSPITAL (CO LTD)

Axially compressed radially mechanically expanded rubber sleeve and packer and method of use

PendingCN122148224ASealing/packingAxial compressionMechanical engineering
The application discloses an axial compression radial mechanical expansion rubber sleeve and packer and a use method, and relates to the field of packers, which comprises a central pipe and a rubber sleeve, the rubber sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the central pipe, the lower end of the rubber sleeve is fixedly connected with the central pipe, and the upper end of the rubber sleeve is slidably and sealingly connected with the central pipe through a push tube; the push tube is connected with a sliding ejection mechanism in the rubber sleeve, the sliding ejection mechanism is connected with the outer wall of the central pipe, and the sliding ejection mechanism is connected with the inner wall of the rubber sleeve. The rubber sleeve is slidably connected with the central pipe through the push tube, the rubber sleeve can be contracted to a flat state, the rubber sleeve has a large expansion distance, and when the rubber sleeve is expanded, the rubber sleeve under pressure can be expanded outward to release the dead point state of the sliding ejection mechanism, the rubber sleeve is easy to open, and the reliability is high.
Owner:CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL CORP +1

Structure for stabilizing valve seat

ActiveCN224283532UPlug valvesValve housingsAxial compressionStructural engineering
The utility model relates to the technical field of valve seats, in particular to a structure for stabilizing a valve seat, which comprises a valve body, a water outlet end and a water inlet end are formed on the valve body to form a waterway, a valve core is arranged in the waterway in a floating mode, an installation cavity is further formed in the waterway to install the valve seat, and the valve seat is matched with the valve core in a sealing mode. A valve rod connected with the valve element is arranged on the valve cover, the section of the valve seat is a conical face, the conical face is gradually expanded from the water inlet end to the water outlet end, an annular step face is formed on the inner wall of the side, close to the water outlet end, of the valve seat, a sealing ring is arranged on the annular step face, a locking sleeve is inserted from the water outlet end along the installation cavity, and the locking sleeve makes contact with the sealing ring, the valve seat and the valve element. The conical surface of the valve seat is matched with the valve body to be combined with axial pressing of the locking sleeve and step limiting of the valve body, so that multiple rigid constraints are formed, and the stability of the valve seat is improved; the valve seat sealing ring, the double elastic clamping blocks of the locking sleeve, the corrugated bending section and the third elastic clamping block are matched in a buffering mode to form a composite elastic sealing structure, and a leakage path is blocked.
Owner:福建高美流体科技有限公司

Mechanical fastener

PendingUS20260139705A1RivetsNutsPull forceAxial compression
A mechanical fastener including a rod and a head member at the head of the rod, with the rod with a dual-engagement section. A fastening sleeve is mounted around the rod. By applying an axial tensile force to the dual-engagement section and simultaneously axially compressing the fastening sleeve, the sleeve undergoes plastic deformation and is embedded into the locking groove, thereby achieving fixed connection between the two plate-like components. A tail pull shaft section is provided to control fracture in installation stage, resulting in a flat end. The dual-engagement section effectively distributes the installation stress, improving concentricity of the mechanical fastener and the two plate-like components and lifespan. The locking groove features a rounded contour, significantly enhancing fatigue resistance. The mechanical fastener balances installation reliability, ease of operation, and connection strength, making it suitable for various high-strength connection disclosures.
Owner:NANTONG LOCK FASTENER MANUFACTURING CO LTD

A quick-release coating filter cartridge

ActiveCN224442306UAxial compressionFilter media
This utility model discloses a quick-release coating filter element, relating to the field of filter element technology. It includes an inner support tube, an outer support tube, pleated filter media, an upper end cap, and a lower end cap. The outer support tube has an elastic annular wall section with a convex V-shaped cross-section in the middle, integrally formed from a first connecting annular wall, a second connecting annular wall, and a C-shaped connecting wall. The lower end cap includes a cylindrical body, a filter media retaining ring, and a first guide cone section. A silicone sealing ring with a second guide cone section is fitted onto the cylindrical body. A retaining protrusion is provided at the lower end of the outer support tube. During installation, the elastic annular wall section undergoes axial compression deformation, driving the outer support tube to shorten and extend the lower end cap to engage with the mounting groove. During disassembly, the elastic annular wall section releases elastic potential energy to provide axial assistance, which, combined with the guide cone section and retaining protrusion structure, enables quick assembly and disassembly of the filter element with reliable sealing.
Owner:ANHUI YIER TECHNOLOGY CO LTD

Method and module for calculating and determining wall thickness of bored pile steel casing

The application relates to the field of design calculation of bored piles, and particularly discloses a method for calculating and determining the wall thickness of a steel casing of a bored pile, which comprises the following steps: analyzing a stress mechanical model of the steel casing of the bored pile, taking a section of the steel casing structure and developing the section into a plate-shaped structure along the ring direction, equivalently simulating stability analysis of an axial compression rod system structure, calculating the cross-section parameters of the steel casing structure, the horizontal static load soil pressure and the axial force of the compression rod, when the internal stress of the compression rod of the steel casing structure is less than or equal to the critical stress of the compression rod stability, the steel casing structure is stable in the ring direction, the relationship between the diameter, the thickness of the steel casing structure and the static lateral pressure of the soil and the embedding depth of the steel casing is obtained, the diameter-thickness ratio range of the steel casing structure is further determined, and the purpose of scientifically and reasonably determining the wall thickness of the steel casing is achieved, construction safety is ensured, and the construction economy is improved.
Owner:中交四航局第六工程有限公司 +1

Needleless iv injection port

A needleless injection port assembly includes first and second body parts and a resilient barrier received within the body. A cannula attached to the first body part is received within an internal cavity of the resilient barrier. The resilient barrier is moveable between a less axially compressed first position in which fluid flow through the injection port assembly is prevented and a more axially compressed second position in which fluid flow through the assembly is allowed. An interference fit is provided between the resilient barrier and the cannula to seal against fluid flow through the cannula when the resilient barrier is in the first position. The cannula has an internal fluid passageway with a non-circular cross section providing increased fluid flow.
Owner:FRESENIUS KABI DEUTSCHLAND GMBH

Guide assembly comprising an elastic element

The present disclosure relates to a guide assembly, comprising: an outer guide member; an inner guide member at least partially enclosed by the outer guide member, the outer guide member and the inner guide member delimiting a space therebetween; an elastic member disposed in the space, enclosing the inner guide member and being compressible along an axial direction; a support member; and an actuation member configured to axially compress the elastic member against the support member. The inner guide member comprises an axially extending guiding surface facing the elastic member for restricting movement of the elastic member in a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction. A length of an axial overlap between the guiding surface of the inner guide member and the elastic member is at least two thirds of an axial length of the elastic member.
Owner:DANA ITAL SRL

Seal assembly

PCT designated stageWO2026114620A1X-ray tube with very high currentX-ray apparatusAxial compressionCatheter
A seal assembly which has a housing that defines a channel. A conduit first end, of a conduit which has a central axis, extends into the channel. The conduit first end defines a tip portion of the conduit. The seal assembly further has a radial protrusion that is disposed adjacent the tip portion of the conduit first end. The seal assembly further has a seal element, which extends about the tip portion of the conduit first end. The seal element is fully enclosed by the housing, the tip portion of the conduit, and the radial protrusion. The seal assembly further has a biasing assembly, which is configured to exert an axial compressive load on the seal element via the radial protrusion and the housing. The seal element is configured to urge against the housing, the tip portion of the conduit, and the radial protrusion by the axial compressive load.
Owner:ASML NETHERLANDS BV

A well-sealed spiral duct

ActiveCN224433715UAxial compressionAir barrier
This utility model discloses a well-sealed spiral duct, belonging to the technical field of spiral ducts. It includes two spiral tubes, each with a gasket fixedly installed on one side of the tubes closest to each other, and a flange gasket placed between the two gaskets. A fixing mechanism includes a positioning ring located between the two spiral tubes, which engages with the two gaskets. A sealing mechanism includes a wedge-shaped top ring and a wedge-shaped retaining ring, with the wedge-shaped retaining ring fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower spiral tube and the wedge-shaped top ring fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper spiral tube. The flange gasket employs an arc-shaped hole annular array structure to form a double-layer sealing layer, enhancing sealing performance through air barrier effect. Compared to traditional single-layer gaskets, this significantly improves airtightness. The wedge-shaped fit structure of the top and retaining rings, combined with the elastic deformation of the annular rubber gasket, achieves axial compression sealing, forming a dual guarantee of mechanical and soft sealing.
Owner:ZIBO JUCHUAN HEAVY MACHINERY CO LTD

Deployable shade structure based on shape memory material and its molding and deploying method

PendingCN122166337ACosmonautic vehiclesCosmonautic thermal protectionHigh energyLens hood
This invention relates to the field of space deployable structure technology, and more particularly to a deployable light-shielding structure based on shape memory materials and its shaping and deployment method. The structure comprises an outer frame and an inner light-shielding cover. The outer frame consists of a top frame, a bottom frame, and multiple shape memory L-shaped beams connecting the two, forming a frustum-shaped boundary after unfolding. The number of inner light-shielding covers matches the sides of the frame; each includes a fan-shaped shape memory skeleton with concentric annular curved lines and a light-shielding cloth. The skeleton can be folded along the curved lines into a radially corrugated laminated ring shell to achieve ultra-high axial compression, and after heating, it can be deterministically unfolded into a planar fan-shaped ring to fill the boundary. This invention adopts a two-stage unfolding method of "boundary first, then filling." This structure integrates the geometric determinism, high folding-to-unfold ratio, and high energy storage characteristics of curved origami with the active controllability of shape memory materials, possessing advantages such as lightweight, high reliability, high precision, smooth and impact-free unfolding, and customizable structure.
Owner:HARBIN INST OF TECH

Roller damping structure of roller guide

This invention relates to a roller damping structure for a roller guide shoe, mounted on a swing arm support rod. A damping limit stop is located on the swing arm support rod, away from the guide shoe body support frame. A damping sleeve is interference-fitted onto the swing arm support rod, and a compression spring is interference-fitted onto the outside of the damping sleeve. The ends of the compression spring and the damping sleeve respectively act on the swing arm supporting the roller assembly and the damping limit stop. The damping sleeve is a hollow cylindrical structure formed by irregularly winding multiple strands of metal wire. The contact interfaces between the wires allow for relative displacement, causing relative slippage and interlocking between the wires under axial compression. This novel damping sleeve, in conjunction with the compression spring, constitutes a composite buffer-damping element. Under axial compression and radial interlocking conditions, the damping sleeve undergoes relative slippage, and the multi-point contact between the metal wires generates stable frictional energy dissipation, thereby creating a damping effect and providing smooth and comfortable operation for the elevator.
Owner:SHIXIN RUBBER TECHNOLOGY (DALIAN) CO LTD

Method and device for testing compression performance of thick-section composite material

The application provides a kind of thick section composite compression performance test method and test device, it is related to test or analysis material technical field, including the following steps: design test piece size and determine working section length;Estimate failure load and calculate minimum friction load;Determine the groove parameter of netted groove, calculate the comprehensive friction coefficient of clamping surface and calibration correction, calculate minimum pre-tightening force;According to pre-tightening force, determine bolt diameter and tightening torque, and then determine test piece clamping length and total length;Prepare test piece and process netted groove, apply tightening torque in stages so that end face parallelism meets requirements;Apply axial compression load, collect load-displacement and load-strain data, calculate compression strength and compression modulus and determine failure mode;Real-time monitoring and abnormal early warning are carried out during testing.The problem that thick section composite compression performance test is prone to premature abnormal failure is solved, and its compression strength and compression modulus can be accurately and reliably obtained.
Owner:CHINA AIRPLANT STRENGTH RES INST

Device for manipulating catheters

ActiveCN116490239BCatheterAxial compressionDistal portion
A system includes: an outer member, an elongated cylindrical member extending distally from the outer member, and an inner member positioned coaxially with and attached to the cylindrical member. The inner member extends distally to the outer member and has a distal portion. A conduit is positioned within the outer conduit (e.g., a suction conduit), which provides a reinforcing member on the cylindrical member to restrict movement of the cylindrical member, such that when one of the inner or outer members moves relative to the other, axial compression of the cylindrical member is restricted by the inner wall of the outer conduit, resulting in lateral deflection of the distal portion of the inner member, thereby changing the direction of the outer conduit.
Owner:AGILE DEVICES INC

A parametric modeling and stiffening optimization method for curved stiffened cylindrical shells under local axial compression

This invention discloses a parametric modeling and stiffening optimization method for curved stiffened cylindrical shells under local axial compression, relating to the field of engineering thin-walled stiffened structure design. The method includes the following steps: determining basic and main parameters; designing curved stiffening paths; generating multi-channel structural images of different resolutions based on the stiffening path distribution and stiffening section geometry; establishing a finite element analysis model to calculate the critical buckling load and stiffener mass; building a convolutional neural network model to predict the critical buckling load and stiffener mass; and using the established convolutional neural network model to achieve adaptive optimization design of the curved stiffened structural layout under local axial compression. This invention expands the design space of curved stiffening paths, explores the diversity of curve distributions, and the entire process is simple, easy to operate, and highly efficient, providing a framework for the design of curved stiffened cylindrical shells under local axial compression.
Owner:ZHEJIANG UNIV

Dual locking water cup lid

PendingCN122440021AAxial compressionStructural engineering
The present application relates to a double locking water cup cover, comprising an upper cover, a pusher assembly and a lower cover, the upper cover and the lower cover are coaxially assembled and can rotate relative to each other in the circumferential direction; the pusher assembly is composed of a hard rubber part and a soft rubber part, a guide structure is arranged between the hard rubber part and the upper cover to convert the rotary motion into axial movement, the soft rubber part is sleeved on the hard rubber part and is provided with a rotation stopping structure matched with the lower cover; the lower cover is provided with a plurality of guide positions matched with the cup mouth clamping position, the clamping position locking of the lower cover and the cup mouth is realized by rotation; in the clamping position locking state, the upper cover continues to rotate relative to the lower cover, the hard rubber part is driven to move axially by the guide structure, the soft rubber part is compressed axially and expands radially due to the rotation stopping, and sealing locking is formed. The clamping position locking and the sealing locking constitute double locking, the former provides axial constraint and circumferential fixation to prevent falling off, and the latter provides radial sealing force to prevent leakage, so that the cup cover has both fixing reliability and sealing reliability.
Owner:HONGLIDA PRECISION COMPONENTS (ZHONGSHAN) CO LTD

Method for calculating axial bearing capacity of short column with curved steel structure welded box section based on beam-column theory and geometric material double nonlinear analysis

PendingCN122263213AGeometric CADDesign optimisation/simulationAxial compressionIterative method
This invention provides a method for calculating the axial compression bearing capacity of short welded box-section columns in curved steel structures based on dual nonlinear analysis of beam-column theory and geometric materials, belonging to the field of bearing capacity calculation for curved steel components. It addresses the problems of existing steel structure bearing capacity calculation methods, such as material waste, poor economy, complex modeling, high calculation costs, long calculation times, and inconvenience for parametric research and summarizing design principles. Starting from the basic governing equations of beam-column theory, this invention introduces precise initial geometry, a bilinear elastoplastic material constitutive model, and uses the Galerkin weighted residual method for spatial discretization. Combined with the Newton-Raphson iterative method and arc length control technology, it achieves nonlinear response tracking of the entire process of the component from loading onwards, through material yielding, to reaching its ultimate bearing capacity.
Owner:HARBIN INST OF TECH +1

Disposable internal-rotation type insulin injection pen

PendingCN122440940AInsulin injectionAxial compression
The application discloses a disposable inner-rotation type insulin injection pen and belongs to the technical field of medical devices. The application comprises a button, a knob, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a clutch seat and an injection screw rod. The first transmission mechanism is switched between a dose adjustment position (connected with the knob and separated from the clutch seat) and an injection position (separated from the knob and connected with the clutch seat) under the action of the button. The second transmission mechanism comprises a scale sleeve and a fixed threaded seat, and the scale sleeve rotates synchronously with the first transmission mechanism. When adjusting, the knob drives the scale sleeve to move away from the knob end against the compression spring; when injecting, the compression spring releases the elastic force to drive the scale sleeve to reset, and in turn drives the first transmission mechanism, the clutch seat and the screw rod to rotate synchronously to discharge the medicine. The scheme adopts an axial compression spring, does not need pre-torsion during assembly, is convenient to assemble and reduces the cost. The independent threaded seat bears the core transmission, and the shell no longer bears complex load, which not only reduces the injection molding difficulty, but also supports the application of metal materials.
Owner:NINGBO HONGYU SANITARY WARE CO LTD

Hydraulic piston with a depressurised recess

PendingAU2021249497B2Decompression tubesAxial compression
The hydraulic piston with a depressurised recess (1) may translate in a cylinder (2) and comprises a fixed skirt (3), an axial compression face (4) which forms a fluid chamber (5) with the cylinder (2), and an axial working face (6) which cooperates with the transmission means (7), the piston (1) also comprises sealing means (8), a depressurised radial recess (9) opening at the surface of the fixed skirt (3), an axial decompression duct (11) arranged inside the skirt (3) and which opens near the axial working face (6), and a radial decompression duct (12) which puts the depressurised radial recess (9) in communication with the axial decompression duct (11).
Owner:VIANNEY RABHI

A radial dynamic compression chromatographic column

PendingCN122298069AAxial compressionChromatographic column
This invention discloses a radial dynamic compression chromatographic column, comprising an upper flange, a lower flange, and a dynamic compression sleeve fixedly disposed between the upper and lower flanges. The dynamic compression sleeve includes a coaxial inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The upper flange is provided with a feed port and an upper mobile phase port, and the lower flange is provided with a discharge port and a lower mobile phase port. This invention overcomes the problems of uneven pressure, wall effect, and high pressure and high cost associated with axial compression columns. It solves the problems of ordinary radial flow columns, such as lack of dynamic compression, easy bed loosening, and poor stability. It achieves low-pressure, uniform, and continuous dynamic compaction of the packed bed, eliminating channeling and wall effects.
Owner:SUZHOU JIZHOU TECHNOLOGY CO LTD

An automatic design method for T-shaped steel reinforced axial compression circular steel pipe section based on target inertia moment

This invention discloses an automated design method for axially compressed circular steel tube sections reinforced with T-shaped steel based on target moment of inertia. Addressing the problem in existing steel reinforcement designs where multiple geometric variables are coupled, leading to inability to directly solve the problem and heavy reliance on trial and error based on manual experience, this method obtains the original tube parameters and reinforcement axial force requirements. It introduces a modified slenderness ratio based on the combined T-shaped steel section, using the standard Class A column curve as a benchmark to inversely deduce the target total moment of inertia required for reinforcement. Based on the principle of stiffness superposition, the independent moment of inertia requirements of the T-shaped steel are separated. Subsequently, a multi-dimensional parameter space including web and flange dimensions is constructed, and local stability width-to-thickness ratio limits and welding construction requirements such as height-to-width ratio and thickness coordination are forcibly coupled as boundary constraints. Finally, a full-parameter space grid search algorithm is used to traverse and optimize the discrete integer domain. This invention achieves a direct mapping from macroscopic bearing capacity requirements to microscopic multivariable section dimensions, automatically outputting a complete set of feasible solutions that meet both mechanical and construction standards, significantly improving the accuracy and economic efficiency of reinforcement design.
Owner:LIAONING TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY