The invention discloses system for testing the rotation and vibration performance of an inertia device, which consists of a rotation driving system, a vibration test system, a rotation and vibration tool and a data testing system. In the rotation driving system, a motor drives the inertia device to be tested to rotate through a flexible shaft; in the vibration test system, a vibration table drives the inertia device to be tested to vibrate through a gapless bearing; and in the data test system, the output data of the inertia device to be tested are tested by a conducting slip ring. In the system for testing the rotation and vibration performance of the inertia device, the motor operates in a non-vibration environment, the bearing has excellent vibration performance, and the data test system is free from data wire torsion. The system testing the rotation and vibration performance of the inertia device can be used to test the performance of various inertia devices when the inertia devices rotate on any shaft and vibrate along a direction parallel or perpendicular to the shaft, and has a rotation speed of 0 to 10,000 degrees per second, a rotation angle free from limitation, a random vibration of 1 g<2>/Hz within a range from 10 to 2,000 HZ, and the sine sweep vibration of 30 g within a range from 10 to 2,000. At present, no other system can achieve the same goal.