84 results about "Inclinometer" patented technology

The invention discloses a high and steep slope rock mass stability intelligent monitoring system and monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: 1, collecting images, vibration and inclinometer data in real time, and carrying out comprehensive analysis to generate a landslide coefficient; 2, if the coefficient exceeds a threshold value, triggering a first-level alarm, otherwise, entering trend analysis; and step 3, judging the trend speed through the ratio of the low frequency to the high frequency of the vibration signal and the time slope, triggering secondary early warning when the trend speed exceeds a threshold value, or else, circularly monitoring. Vector conversion and included angle cosine are matched with a landslide direction threshold value, effective deformation is quantified by combining bending radius and stress analysis, multidirectional bending interference of an inclinometer is eliminated, displacement direction measurement precision is improved, early warning errors are reduced, a trend variable is constructed by utilizing a ratio of low-frequency amplitude to high-frequency amplitude, trend speed is analyzed by combining time sequence slope, and the method has the advantages of being high in accuracy and high in accuracy. The rock body loosening sign is comprehensively pre-judged, early warning is achieved, and the sudden landslide risk is reduced.

The invention relates to an overwater square block hoisting method and system, and belongs to overwater square block hoisting. The overwater square block hoisting method comprises the steps of hoisting a square block, obtaining the relative position relation between a hoisting device and the square block, obtaining the real-time position of the square block, obtaining the relative posture data of a hoisting system and the square block, obtaining the real-time posture of the square block and guiding square block hoisting. According to the above-water square block hoisting method, a camera, a Beidou receiver, a clinometer, an inertial navigation device and other devices are used for obtaining the relative position and posture data of a hoisting device and a square block in real time, the square block is accurately guided to be hoisted to the designed position through a data processing and feedback mechanism, and all-directional monitoring and accurate control in the square block hoisting process are achieved.

The invention provides a clinometer, which belongs to the technical field of side slope landslide monitoring equipment, and comprises at least one segment assembly, the segment assembly comprises a near-end segment close to the earth surface in a working state and a far-end segment far away from the earth surface in the working state, and the near-end segment and the far-end segment are circular pipes axially connected end to end; at least three pressure sensors are arranged at the connecting part of the near-end section and the far-end section; according to the inclinometer, the omnidirectional four-axis structure of the gyroscope is adopted to limit the circumferential rotation between the two sections along the axis, so that the rotation relative to the axis is realized as far as possible; the pressure sensor is used for detecting the extrusion force generated when the two sections rotate relative to each other and rotating the two sections into an angle generated when the two sections rotate relative to each other; one section is provided with a rotatable joint, the two sections can be mutually connected and fixed, and the circumferential angle corresponding relation is unique during connection, so that the measurement accuracy is improved.

The invention relates to the field of dam deformation monitoring, and discloses a dam deformation monitoring device based on a settlement magnetic ring and an MEMS accelerometer, and the device comprises an inclinometer pipe which is buried in a dam body drill hole and is used for synchronously deforming along with a dam body; the flexible intelligent displacement meter is formed by connecting a plurality of single-section flexible displacement meters in series through flexible joints, an MEMS accelerometer and a microprocessor are arranged in a side wall slot of each single-section flexible displacement meter, and the MEMS accelerometer and the microprocessor are used for measuring the inclination angle of each section; the settlement magnetic ring synchronously moves along with the settlement of the dam body; the magnetic probe detects the elevation change of the settlement magnetic ring; and after the data acquisition equipment receives the measured data, the data processing center calculates the horizontal displacement and settlement of the dam body. According to the invention, the flexible displacement meter is combined with the settlement magnetic ring to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of each single section, so that the horizontal displacement and settlement of the dam body are calculated, the deformation of the dam body is monitored under the condition that the flexible displacement meter is only vertically mounted, the limitation of an embedding mode is overcome, and the adaptability and practicability of monitoring are improved.

The invention provides an immersed tube joint sinking butt joint underwater space positioning system and method. The immersed tube joint sinking butt joint underwater space positioning system comprises a clinometer, a mobile station group, a tide gauge, a multi-beam sonar and a monitoring data analysis and display module. The inclinometer obtains bidirectional dip angle monitoring data of the immersed tube joint; the mobile station group obtains coordinate monitoring data of positions where the mobile stations are located respectively; the tide level meter obtains tide level monitoring data in the pipe joint sinking and butt joint period; the multi-beam sonar obtains the terrain data of the underwater foundation trench in the pipe joint sinking and docking area; the monitoring data analysis and display module obtains feature point coordinates, pipe joint postures and early warning index data on a to-be-immersed pipe joint according to the inclinometer monitoring data, the mobile station group monitoring data, the tide level data, the multi-beam underwater topographic data and the immersed pipe joint coordinate data.

The invention discloses a deep displacement monitoring method and device based on a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and an array type flexible inclinometer, and relates to the field of geological survey, and the deep displacement monitoring method comprises the following steps: acquiring earth surface deformation displacement at a drill hole by adopting GNSS equipment; corresponding deep dip angle change values are measured based on three-axis acceleration sensor modules arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion in the array type flexible inclinometer respectively; collecting the earth surface deformation displacement and the deep dip angle change value by using a controller, and forming sequence data after adding a time attribute; an absolute displacement value of each three-axis acceleration sensor module is calculated by using a differential accumulation method; performing displacement fitting on the section where the three-axis acceleration sensor module is not arranged by adopting a function fitting method with constraint conditions; connecting the upper actual measurement displacement curve, the middle fitting displacement curve and the lower actual measurement displacement curve to generate a complete deep displacement monitoring image; a complete deep displacement monitoring image can be generated without a full-depth sensor, and the equipment cost is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a slope monitoring device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of strip mine slope monitoring. Comprising an absolute positioning module, a relative positioning module and a monitoring module, the absolute positioning module comprises a GNSS receiver and a satellite data processing module, and the relative positioning module comprises an inertial measurement unit and an inclinometer unit. According to the method, data of different sensors are uniformly processed in time and space directly according to actual monitoring conditions of the strip mine pit, so that the occurrence mechanism and the evolution process of the landslide are analyzed more accurately; the data subjected to time-space unified processing can help researchers to better understand interaction among different factors, so that the accuracy of landslide prediction is improved, slope infinitesimal displacement data can be acquired from different angles and levels in an alpine strip mine area, and a landslide dynamic panoramic view can be provided.

The invention relates to the technical field of side slope monitoring, and particularly discloses a side slope real-time deformation monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion, and the system comprises a data collection module which is disposed on a road side slope and is used for collecting multi-source monitoring data; the data transmission module is in communication connection with the data acquisition module and is used for remotely transmitting the multi-source monitoring data to a monitoring center; the data processing and early warning module is deployed in a monitoring center; a data fusion unit; a prediction and early warning unit; the system aims to solve the problem of large limitation of a single sensor monitoring means in a complex environment, the system realizes full-dimensional cooperative monitoring of a slope by fusing multi-source monitoring data of a foundation I nSAR, a fixed inclinometer array, a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a rain gauge and the like, and the slope monitoring accuracy is improved through multi-sensor data fusion analysis. The error of performance reduction of a single sensor in a complex environment is effectively overcome, the comprehensive state of the slope is accurately obtained, and the reliability and precision of slope disaster early warning are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses an earth and rockfill dam heaping period monitoring scheme optimization method and an earth and rockfill dam heaping period monitoring scheme optimization system based on deformation inclination control, and belongs to the technical field of earth and rockfill dam construction monitoring. A three-dimensional solid model covering the whole heap building process is constructed, and grids are encrypted for key parts such as a core wall, a transition layer, a dam slope and a dam foundation weak interlayer; dividing independent working conditions by taking a layering and filling sequence as a unit, carrying out step-by-step numerical simulation to obtain a displacement field, respectively calculating dam axial deformation inclination and river-following deformation inclination, and generating a cloud picture; determining a key monitoring area according to a criterion that the deformation inclination is greater than or equal to m%, the previous step variation is greater than or equal to a% and a key structure is forcibly incorporated, and laying settlement monitoring points and inclination measuring holes to form a dynamic monitoring table; and when the actually measured deformation inclination exceeds the simulation value b%, verifying the model, reducing the subsequent threshold value n%, and improving the monitoring frequency.

The application discloses a kind of rock-soil body inclinometer device and method based on flexible distributed sensor, it is related to rock-soil engineering monitoring technical field, including multiple sections and sequentially spliced guide rod, terminal guide rod installs guide head;Along the inner wall of guide rod axial setting guide groove, the junction end of guide head and guide rod is equipped with clamping groove, the guide groove is used to guide flexible distributed sensor into guide rod, and makes the end of flexible distributed sensor and the clamping groove plug-in;Wherein, the flexible distributed sensor has double-layer conductive layer, to obtain the bending deformation state of rock-soil body based on the resistance difference of double-layer conductive layer.The application can make flexible distributed sensor enter borehole with vertical state by guiding device, and make flexible distributed sensor can be continuously monitored in borehole by rapid-setting cement, improve inclining precision.

The invention relates to an out-of-levelness estimation method, device and equipment of an inclinometer and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of inclinometers. The method comprises the following steps: in a hardware environment without a gyroscope, acquiring initial attitude angle information through accelerometer data sampling and alignment; performing attitude matrix construction, navigation coordinate system projection, Kalman filter modeling, attitude error calculation and error compensation to equivalently realize a gyroscope-free zero-velocity correction effect, and obtaining a final attitude angle; a self-adaptive Kalman filter based on gravity acceleration module value constant constraint is provided, so that the influence of external interference on the measurement precision can be reduced; and finally, performing smooth filtering on the final attitude angles at a plurality of adjacent sampling moments, and outputting high-precision and high-stability unlevelness. According to the method, under the condition that the hardware cost is not increased, the measurement precision and stability of the inclinometer on the out-of-levelness are improved.

A device for measuring a slope of a surface includes a tilt sensor, two or more distance sensors coupled to the tilt sensor, and a processor configured for calculating the slope of the surface based on measurements provided by the tilt sensor and the distance sensors. The distance sensors are coupled to the tilt sensor at a non-parallel angle relative to each other. In one example, the angle between the distance sensors may be between 30 and 120 degrees. The tilt sensor may be an inclinometer. The distance sensors may be laser distance sensors, LED time-of-flight sensors, or IR distance sensors. The device is compact, portable, and small enough to be held in a user's hand.

The invention discloses an automatic inclinometer device for high slope drilling, which belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering safety monitoring and comprises a control system, a servo positioning system, a take-up and pay-off structure, an auxiliary mounting structure and a fixed support. The control system communicates with the measuring rod through the programmable controller and controls the servo motor to accurately position; the servo system drives the take-up and pay-off mechanism to complete automatic take-up and pay-off The auxiliary mounting structure adopts a modular design to realize quick disassembly and assembly; the fixing support has waterproof and moistureproof functions to adapt to the outdoor environment. According to the invention, manual work is replaced for automatic continuous monitoring, the problems of low efficiency, poor precision and existence of safety risks of a traditional method are effectively solved, and the reliability, precision and efficiency of high slope and dam deformation monitoring are remarkably improved.

1. Name of the Design Product: Inclined Plane Measuring Instrument. 2. Use of the Design Product: For the auxiliary measurement of the inclined plane cone angle size. 3. Design Key Points of the Design Product: Lies in the shape. 4. Picture or Photograph that Best Illustrates the Design Key Points: Perspective View.

1. The name of the design product: Inclinometer. 2. The use of the design product: For detecting horizontal angles and inclination angles. 3. The design key points of the design product: Lies in the shape. 4. The picture or photo that best shows the design key points: Stereogram.

The invention relates to a depth sounding inclination deviation and positioning inclination deviation correction device and method, the device comprises an RTK fixing frame group, a depth finder and an inclinometer, the depth finder is located vertically below the RTK fixing frame group, the inclinometer is fixed on the outer side of a depth finder fixing flange pipe through a mounting angle seat, and the inclinometer is vertically arranged and is parallel to the depth finder fixing flange pipe. According to the method, the swinging angle of the ship is measured through the inclinometer so as to correct the real depth measured by the depth finder. The device is simple and novel in structure and convenient to fix and install, can eliminate position deviation of sounding data in real time, can also eliminate water depth inclination errors caused by rolling of a surveying ship in real time, and effectively guarantees the true reliability of the sounding data. The problems of water depth inclination error and GPS position deviation caused by only rolling of a surveying ship in the measurement process of the depth finder are solved, and the problem that the GPS cannot be fixed due to the influence of a shelter is also solved.

A device (100) for determining a twisting clearance, with an inclinometer (10) designed to determine the inclination of a surface relative to a reference plane, a measuring lever (20), wherein the inclinometer is arranged on a surface of the measuring lever, and a centering clamp (30) arranged non-rotatably on the measuring lever, which is designed to be arranged at least partially in a rotatable machine element, wherein the centering clamp has several clamping jaws (32) and at least one centering piece (34) with several contact surfaces (35).

The invention discloses an inclination angle type static leveling instrument with Abbe error correction, which comprises a shell, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the shell, a connecting rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, a floating ball is fixed at the front end of the connecting rod, an inclinometer is mounted on the connecting rod, and the inclinometer is used for obtaining a pitch angle alpha and a roll angle beta of the connecting rod. The measured height delta H of the dip angle type static leveling instrument with abbe error correction is calculated by a formula (1). Compared with the prior art, the liquid level change drives the floating ball to cause the dip angle change of the connecting rod, the angle encoder collects the rotation angle p, meanwhile, the inclinometer collects the pitch angle alpha and the roll angle beta of the connecting rod, and then the abbe error is corrected according to a preset algorithm to calculate the absolute height variation. Through the structural design, the pose requirement of the level gauge is reduced, so that the level gauge can adapt to more complex measurement scenes. And secondly, relative height variation measurement is converted into absolute height variation measurement, so that the data reliability is improved.

The invention discloses a landslide monitoring and early warning method and system based on multi-source data fusion. The method comprises the steps that position data, displacement data, inclinometry data, water level data, rainfall data and crack data of a target slope body are acquired; dividing the target slope body into a plurality of three-dimensional grids; determining the attribute of each three-dimensional grid according to the position data; the zero value is interpolated into the three-dimensional grid with the attribute of no slope body, the displacement data, the rainfall data and the crack data are interpolated into the three-dimensional grid with the attribute of the slope body surface, and the inclinometry data and the water level data are interpolated into the three-dimensional grid with the attribute of the interior of the slope body to form a target tensor; and inputting the target tensor into the 3D-CNN + LSTM model, and outputting to obtain a landslide early warning result. According to the method, the slope body is subjected to three-dimensional gridding, monitoring point data is expanded from points to surfaces, the method can be conveniently applied to a 3D-CNN + LSTM model, the data size can be reduced, calculation can be simplified, cost can be reduced, and generalization of the model is facilitated.

The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering surveying, and provides a sliding type inclinometer structure which is used for monitoring horizontal displacement of a deep layer of a foundation pit. The device is composed of a first guide wheel structure, an inclinometer rod and a second guide wheel structure. An aviation plug connector is arranged at one end of the first guide wheel structure, an internal annular blocking groove is used for fixing an aviation plug, and installation and replacement of the aviation plug are facilitated through plug-in type spiral connection. And the other end of the main body is provided with a tilt angle sensor placement table and is connected with an aviation plug through a line position hole penetrating through the main body. The inclinometer rod joints of the first guide wheel structure and the second guide wheel structure are provided with threads and waterproof sealing ring grooves, insertion type spiral fixing is adopted, structural gaps and shaking are reduced, the sealing performance is improved, water seepage is prevented, and the measurement precision and stability are improved.

The utility model discloses a bridge pile foundation detection frame, which comprises a mounting plate, a first fitting bulge, a first reference fitting plate, first side plates, first limiting strips and a rotating seat, wherein the front surface of the first fitting bulge is provided with a bulge; the mounting plate is provided with a first reference fitting plate and the first side plates; the front sides of the first side plates on the left side and the right side are provided with first limiting strips which extend oppositely; the upper end of the movable mounting frame is rotationally mounted on the rotating seat along the front-back horizontal axis, and the movable mounting frame comprises a base plate. According to the utility model, the mounting plate and the movable mounting frame are respectively used for mounting the first inclinometer and the second inclinometer, so that angle detection requirements in two vertical and horizontal directions can be simultaneously met, the limitation that a traditional detection frame can only detect angles in a single direction is solved, convenience is provided for omnibearing detection of a pile foundation, and the detection efficiency is improved. Therefore, the inclination angle change of the pile foundation in two directions can be detected; the first inclinometer and the second inclinometer are limited in multiple directions, so that the instruments are effectively prevented from displacing or shaking in the measurement process, and the accuracy and the reliability of measurement results are ensured.

1. The name of this design product: Inclinometer. 2. Purpose of this product: This product is used to measure the tilt angle of an object during its movement. 3. The key point of the design of this product lies in its shape. 4. The picture or photo that best illustrates the design points: Stereoscopic drawing 1.

The present invention discloses an inclinometer, which relates to the field of marine instrumentation. The inclinometer comprises a main body and a gravity pointer. The lower portion of the main body is provided with scale lines. The upper end of the gravity pointer is rotatably disposed within the main body, and its lower end is coated with a fluorescent material. A light strip is provided on the outer surface of the gravity pointer. This inclinometer not only monitors the tilt state of a ship, but also directly obtains information about the ship's current tilt state at night or in unlit cabins. Furthermore, the inclinometer also functions as a standard lamp for illumination.

The invention discloses an inclinometer data processing and analyzing method based on magnet ring-encoder collaborative calibration, and relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering safety monitoring. A magnetic ring is arranged in the inclinometer tube, a reference depth sequence is established, and an encoder distance measurement model is initialized; in the probe lowering process, the measured depth and the reference depth are compared in real time by triggering the magnetic ring, the distance measurement coefficient is dynamically corrected, a depth partition distance measurement factor is generated, and intelligent diagnosis of the health state of the magnetic ring is synchronously achieved; a machine learning error prediction model is introduced, future distance measurement errors are predicted according to the characteristics of environment temperature and accumulative operation duration, feedforward compensation is carried out on distance measurement factors, anti-drift distance measurement factors are generated to control a probe to carry out forward and reverse inclination angle collection, and forward and reverse inclination angle data are fused to obtain a distance measurement result. And calculating the horizontal displacement of each depth point by combining the anti-drifting ranging factor and adopting a segmented accumulation algorithm, and outputting a monitoring result. According to the invention, the precision, long-term stability and system reliability of depth positioning and displacement calculation are effectively improved.

The invention discloses a method and system for expanding the effective measurement range of a high-precision inclinometer, and the method comprises the steps: S1, installing the inclinometer on a Y-axis rotary table of a double-axis mechanical rotary table, and fixing a mechanical rotary table base on a target surface; s2, controlling the double-shaft mechanical turntable to adjust the pose of the inclinometer, so that the initial inclination angle data of the inclinometer is within the measuring range of the inclinometer; s3, biaxial inclination angle data of the inclinometer and biaxial rotation angle data, measured by the encoder, of the mechanical rotary table are collected in real time; s4, fusing the inclination angle data and the rotation angle data based on a coordinate transformation model, and calculating an actual inclination angle of the target surface relative to the horizontal plane; and S5, if the data of the clinometer exceed the preset threshold value, controlling the mechanical turntable to reversely adjust the pose, and repeating the steps S3 to S4 until dynamic compensation is completed. The precision short plate of the mechanical rotary table is stripped from the system, so that the whole system reaches the arc second level measurement precision, the large measurement range of + / -dozens of degrees allowed by the physical structure of the mechanical rotary table is obtained, and the performance which cannot be achieved by a traditional single sensor is achieved.

This disclosure relates to a method and system for monitoring displacement of high slopes. The method includes the following steps: arranging and constructing monitoring holes: excavating monitoring holes of a certain depth along the Z-direction in the target slope area; burying monitoring pipes: inserting monitoring pipes section by section into the monitoring holes from bottom to top, and connecting the sections of the monitoring pipes together; inclinometer measurement: placing inclinometer probes at different measuring points inside the monitoring pipes to measure the inclination angles of each segment of the monitoring pipe axis in the X and Y directions; calculating horizontal plane coordinates: calculating the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angles; repeating the above steps to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates for at least two measurements, and subtracting the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement from the previous measurement to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area within the time interval between the two measurements. The system is used to implement the above method. This disclosure can monitor deep horizontal displacement of slopes and has the advantages of accurate, reliable, and efficient monitoring.

The invention relates to the technical field of inclinometer monitoring, in particular to an automatic calibration and correction method of an inclinometer, and solves the technical problem of poor overall error correction effect in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a measured temperature sequence and an original dip angle sequence synchronously acquired by an inclinometer; performing thermal stress decoupling and feature reconstruction processing on the measurement temperature sequence and the original dip angle sequence to obtain observation thermal lag trajectory data; performing trajectory shape matching on the observation thermal lag trajectory data and the standard thermal lag trajectory data, and determining a mapping matching set and a shape difference degree of the observation thermal lag trajectory data and the standard thermal lag trajectory data; the shape difference degree is used for representing the overall geometric difference degree between the observation thermal lag trajectory data and the standard thermal lag trajectory data; and performing correction processing on the original dip angle sequence according to the mapping matching set and the shape difference degree to obtain a target correction sequence.

The utility model relates to a slope angle instrument. The slope angle instrument comprises a supporting seat, an angle measuring device, a bearing device and a lifting device, the angle measurement device comprises a height distance measurement module and a slope angle calculation module which are both arranged on the supporting seat, and the slope angle calculation module is electrically connected with the height distance measurement module; the bearing device is arranged on the supporting seat and comprises a tray, and the tray is vertically and convexly provided with a guide piece in the height direction of the supporting seat; the lifting device comprises a rotary driver, a traction assembly and a rope, the rotary driver is arranged on the supporting base, the traction assembly is connected to the output end of the rotary driver, one end of the rope is wound around the traction assembly, and the other end of the rope is connected with the top end of the guiding piece. A user can scoop a small amount of soil with a spoon and the like, the outlet of the spoon makes contact with the guiding piece, the soil slowly and evenly flows to the tray along the guiding piece, the dumping speed and flow of the soil can be conveniently controlled, the soil can evenly fall on all areas of the disc, and therefore the formed slope angle is more even and stable.

The invention discloses a borehole attitude measurement error analysis method based on a double-vector dot product, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas well engineering, the method comprises the following steps: determining a main error source when a triaxial magnetometer and a triaxial accelerometer are used for borehole attitude measurement; the error source comprises a sensor fixed bias, a geomagnetic field correlation error and a magnetometer scale factor error; constructing a drilling tool coordinate system and an east-north-sky coordinate system during borehole attitude measurement; respectively determining a geomagnetic component and a gravity component under a drilling tool coordinate system and an east-north-sky coordinate system; on the basis of the geomagnetic component, the gravity component and the dot product relation thereof, a borehole attitude error containing a sensor error is obtained; and according to the borehole attitude error containing the sensor error, obtaining borehole attitude errors corresponding to different error sources. The borehole attitude measurement error propagation characteristics of a measurement-while-drilling instrument or a cable inclinometer can be determined, and the borehole attitude precision under the influence of each error can be analyzed accurately.

The invention provides pole communication monitoring equipment, and relates to the technical field of river (embankment) bank slope monitoring, the pole communication monitoring equipment comprises a steel bar base, an equipment protection box is placed at the top end of the steel bar base, clamping plates are arranged on the two sides of the equipment protection box, and a driving structure used for driving the two clamping plates to move oppositely or reversely is arranged in the steel bar base. An inclinometer is used for river (embankment) bank slope displacement measurement, a magnetic settlement meter measuring rod is used for bank slope settlement measurement, soil temperature and soil humidity modules are used for bank slope soil temperature and humidity measurement, the inclinometer, the magnetic settlement meter measuring rod and the soil temperature and soil humidity modules are structurally coaxial, sensors do not interfere with one another during data acquisition and can be taken out together for maintenance, and the design is different from independent structures in the market. The measuring pipe embedded in the bank slope is divided into a plurality of pipe sections, the pipe sections can be directly connected with one another and can be connected in series automatically according to the actual elevation and the measurement depth of the bank slope, the pipe sections and an internal measuring module circuit are connected through a MODELBUD bus, and it is ensured that the multiple pipe sections can be connected.