920results about How to "Ensure consistency" patented technology

A method, system, and computer-readable medium for maintaining up-to-date, consistent backup copies of primary data that are immune to corruption even when security of the primary data is breached. Independent security domains are established for primary and secondary data, such that access to each security domain must be obtained independently of access to the other security domains. For example, a host computer system having access to data storage in the primary security domain does not have access to data storage in the secondary security domain, and vice versa. Changes to primary data are synchronously replicated over a tightly controlled replication link from primary data storage in the primary security domain to secondary data storage in the secondary security domain. A change to the data is completed in the primary security domain when an acknowledgement is received that the change to the data has been stored in secondary data storage.

The invention discloses a dynamic traffic network urban road feature model and a modeling method thereof. The dynamic traffic network urban road feature model comprises a dynamic traffic network urban road model, a dynamic traffic network running model, a dynamic traffic urban vehicle model and a control center model. The invention aims to solve the problems of poor data consistency and incapacity of carrying out real-time dynamic regulation of a conventional urban traffic network data model, and provides a GIS-T (Geographic Information System for Transportation) data hierarchical model, and the dynamic traffic network urban road feature model is established. Compared with the conventional urban traffic network data model, the dynamic traffic network urban road feature model comprehensively describes urban traffic feature information from macroscopic view to microscopic view, realizes optimized expression of the feature model and optimization of a road network structure and realizes dynamic simulation and regulation of traffic objects.

In order to solve the problems that the good material crushing effect and cleaning easiness of an existing soybean milk machine can not be achieved at the same time, and the uniformity of the crushing effect is difficult to guarantee, the invention provides a soybean milk machine with a small-space crushing cover. According to the soybean milk machine, the unsealed small-space crushing cover is arranged on the lower portion of a lower cover of a machine head, a cutter body is located inside the unsealed small-space crushing cover, the cutter body is provided with a water pumping part which enables water in a cup body to move towards the unsealed small-space crushing cover in the rotating process, the unsealed small-space crushing cover is provided with at least one bottom feed port and a plurality of discharge ports, and the maximal permission passing size of materials on the discharge ports is smaller than the original size of materials to be crushed. According to the soybean milk machine with the small-space crushing cover, material crushing is divided into the two phases of small-space concentrated crushing and cyclic crushing, the material crushing effect is made to be greatly improved, the uniformity of the crushing effect is guaranteed, meanwhile, the small-space crushing cover can be conveniently cleaned, and the problem that the good material crushing effect and cleaning easiness can not be achieved at the same time is solved.

Tagged translation lookaside buffer consistency is enabled in the presence of a hypervisor of a virtual machine computing environment, in which multiple processes of multiple logical processors of guests are hosted by a virtual machine monitor or hypervisor component. The virtual machine monitor or hypervisor component maintains tagged TLB data associated with the plurality of processes on behalf of each of the plurality of logical processors, thereby ensuring consistency of the tagged TLB data across all of the plurality of processes.

The invention relates to the mobile communication field, in particular to a testing system for a mobile terminal and a testing method for the mobile terminal. The testing system for the mobile terminal comprises a testing machine frame, a testing adapter, a test box, a programmable power supply, and a PC (personal computer) which controls the work of the whole system and displays the testing results, wherein the test box is arranged on the testing machine frame and provided with a manipulator module, a pneumatic control model, a vision system module, an acoustic system module, a master control board and an interface back plate, wherein the manipulator module and the pneumatic control module are electrically connected with the master control board, respectively; the vision system module, the acoustic system module and the testing adapter are connected with the master control board through the interface back plate respectively; the testing adapter can slidingly pass in and out of the test box; and the programmable power supply and the PC are electrically connected with the master control board through the interface back plate respectively. The testing system provided by the invention is stable and reliable, has high integration degree, and can automatically carry out the tests on all of the integrated functions of the mobile terminal.

The invention discloses a 3D printing device and method. The device comprises a printing chamber, a feeding device, a moving support, a printing spray head, a heating body, a pneumatic controller, a printing platform, a mechanical arm and a repairing tool bit. 3D printing is conducted in a melt extrusion condensing mode, the temperature difference of a material sprayed by the printing spray head and a workpiece is strictly controlled, the consistence and quality of the printed and condensed material are guaranteed, the requirement for the material is low, and most of the material can achieve 3D printing. In addition, the printing chamber is provided with the mechanical arm and the repairing tool bit which are used for printing and repairing on the workpiece at the same time, and the 3D printing technology is finally achieved. The 3D printing device and method have the advantages that precision is high, and the range of materials which can be machined is large.

The invention discloses an automatic test method based on a case library. The method comprises the following steps: (a) primarily classifying all business types of the system according to affiliated functional modules, wherein each business type at least includes a business flow node; (b) classifying all business types by adopting a clustering algorithm according to the similarity of the flow node included by the business type; (c) determining the business type involved by the demand alteration, and calculating an affecting weight of the demand alteration to the associated business type according to a layering analysis method; (d) sequencing and sorting out the associated businesses to form a test business collection according to the affecting weight, extracting cases for test from the case library according to a name of the test business and forming an automatic test script. According to the method, all business are primarily classified and classified according to similarity, and the associated businesses are sequenced and sorted after the affecting weight of the demand alteration to the associated businesses, so that the consistency of the screening granularity of the cases for the test can be guaranteed, and the test case coverage rage and test efficiency can be improved.

The invention discloses a data synchronizing method, a data synchronizing system and a data synchronizing device, and belongs to the field of digital data processing. The method comprises the following steps of transmitting a synchronizing request which comprises a client side data version number and client side synchronizing data to a backup server by using a client side; receiving the synchronizing request by using the backup server, and judging whether the client side data version number is identical to a local data version number or not; updating local data according to the client side synchronizing data if the client side data version number is identical to the local data version number; and issuing the local data version number and local data to the client side if the client side data version number is not identical to the local data version number. Backup data in the backup server and client side synchronizing data in the client side are managed by using a version number mechanism, so that data in a plurality of devices used by a user can be synchronized in the same backup server.

The invention provides a PET scattering correction method. The PET scattering correction method comprises the steps that TOF-PET data of a target zone of a subject is obtained when PET scanning is conducted on the subject, wherein the TOF-PET data includes coincidence event data and TOF data; a PET image of the target zone is obtained according to the coincidence event data; initial scattering estimation for TOF-PET imaging is obtained based on the PET image and the TOF-PET data; correction processing is conducted on the initial scattering estimation to obtain scattering estimation for TOF-PET imaging; scattering correction is conducted on the TOF-PET data based on the scattering estimation for TOF-PET imaging. By the adoption of the PET scattering correction method, the scattering estimation accuracy can be improved, and the quality of TOF-PET images can be improved. In addition, the invention further provides a PET imaging method and system.

The invention provides an SDN (software defined networking) architecture based method for realizing a QoS (quality of service) mechanism of a VXLAN (virtual extensible LAN). The method comprises steps as follows: a tunnel is established in the VXLAN; the tunnel extends from a first VTEP (VXLAN tunnel end point) to a second VTEP and is recognized by a VNI (virtual network identifier); the first VTEP or the second VTEP performs VXLAN header packing or unpacking operation on frames sent or received by a virtual machine in the VXLAN; when VXLAN headers are packed, Pri fields are set according to the QoS mechanism and are expansion fields of the VXLAN headers; a switcher and a router analyze the Pri fields by using an OpenFlow flow table instruction and send the frames to corresponding sequences according to the Pri fields; an SDN architecture schedules the frames according to a scheduling rule in sequence. The consistency of the QoS mechanism of the whole network is guaranteed, the end-to-end QoS mechanism is realized, and unified flow table issuing is more convenient and accurate than manual input of the QoS mechanism.

The invention discloses a digital predistortion processing method and a digital predistortion processing system. The method comprises the following steps of: extracting a predistortion parameter corresponding to an input signal from a predistortion coefficient parameter list and performing predistortion processing on the input signal, so as to obtain a forward sending signal; performing energy amplification processing on the forward sending signal so as to obtain an output signal; collecting the output signal to obtain a feedback signal; delaying on a preset amount of sampling points and collecting the forward sending signal, so as to obtain a reference signal; performing synchronous relevant operation on the reference signal and the feedback signal, and calibrating the feedback signal; training a predistortion coefficient according to the reference signal and the calibrated feedback signal; and forming a predistortion coefficient parameter list according to the predistortion coefficient and the amplitude value of the input signal. According to the embodiment of the invention, a preset amount of sampling points for transmitting signals are delayed, so that the radio frequency index ACPR (Adjacent Channel Power Ratio) is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a synchronous clawing mechanism with multiple manipulators, and belongs to the field of automation equipment. The synchronous clawing mechanism with multiple manipulators comprises a synchronous manipulator-clawing platform, a synchronous frame vertical-lifting platform and synchronous frame transverse-moving platforms. The synchronous clawing mechanism with multiple manipulators is characterized in that the synchronous manipulator-clawing platform is fixed on the synchronous frame vertical-lifting platform via a rodless air cylinder slider and linear guide-way sliders, and upper ends and lower ends of linear guide-ways of the synchronous frame vertical-lifting platform are fixed on the synchronous frame vertical-lifting platform. Clawing of the manipulators to targeted objects is realized via the synchronous manipulator-clawing platform. Targeted object grabbing and disposing of the manipulators is realized via the synchronous frame vertical-lifting platform. Transverse moving transfers of the targeted objects by the manipulators are realized by the synchronous frame transverse-moving platforms. The synchronous clawing mechanism with the multiple manipulators has the advantages that machines can be utilized to substitute for manual operation, and a plurality of the targeted objects can be clawed synchronously automatically. Furthermore, the synchronous clawing mechanism with the multiple manipulators is simple in structure, convenient, practical, environment-friendly, energy-saving, high in degree of automation, and reliable in performance.

The invention discloses a contactless integrated capacitance/resistance dual-mode tomography measurement apparatus and a method. The apparatus comprises a sensor, a data acquisition module and an image reconstruction computer, wherein the sensor, the data acquisition module and the image reconstruction computer are connected, the sensor comprises an insulation pipeline and rectangular metal electrodes surrounded on the outer surface of the insulation pipeline at intervals, the data acquisition module comprises a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) unit, a phase sensitive demodulation (PSD) unit, and a control and communication unit, every PSD unit is respectively connected with the corresponding rectangular metal electrode, and any one PSD unit is connected with the DDS unit, is connected with the other PSD units in parallel through arrangement wires, and then is connected with the control and communication unit. According to the present invention, the sensor integration is adopted to ensure consistency of the measurement space, the data acquisition module integration is adopted to ensure consistency of the measurement time, and problems of electrode polarization and corrosion of the traditional contact type measurement are effectively overcome with the contactless measurement.

The invention provides a highly reliable method and method for updating DNS data. The method comprises the following steps: monitoring a DNS authority analysis database, judging whether DNS data requires to update, and sending update data to each sub-node; monitoring DNS data of each sub-node and checking the consistency; if the DNS data of each sub-node is inconsistent, generating all data in the DNS authority analysis database into zone files with standard format, and sending the generated data to each sub-node. The system comprises a DNS authority analysis database monitoring module, a node DNS data monitoring module, an operation control module, a DNS data full generation module and a DNS data increment update module. According to the invention, DNS data update validation time and DNS update data consistency are guaranteed by combining full data generation and increment data update.

The invention provides an improved lithium battery pack equalizing method and an equalizing circuit thereof. The method comprises the steps of performing clustering analysis on various data in one time period of each monomer battery of a battery pack by using a clustering analysis method, classifying the battery pack, judging the voltage of each battery in real time by combining and performing the equalizing method, performing further selection on each previously obtained classification by current information such as charging and discharging currents, finally obtaining the monomer battery needing to be equalized in the battery pack and performing equalizing and maintaining on the monomer battery by controlling an equalizing circuit. In the operation process of the battery pack, various feature data of the batteries can be analyzed, the monomer battery needing to be subjected to equalized charging and equalized discharging is picked out, and the monomer battery needing to be equalized is equalized by connecting the battery to the equalizing circuit; historical battery voltage data are introduced, the influence of the battery with abnormal voltage and the voltage collecting precision is effectively avoided, the condition of inconsistent voltage and capacitance is effectively avoided by combining surplus capacity relevant factors such as SOC and SOH, the consistency of the battery pack is effectively ensured and the service life of the battery pack is further ensured.

The invention provides an automotive upholstery pre-shaping machine adopting an air filling method, belonging to the technical field of automotive upholstery production devices. The automotive upholstery pre-shaping machine adopting the air filling method comprises a pre-shaping box, an airflow circulation mechanism, a fiber weighing and measuring mechanism, a fiber conveying mechanism and a hot air generation mechanism, wherein a box cover is formed on the top part of the pre-shaping box; a box chamber opening/closing mechanism is arranged on one side of the pre-shaping box; a pre-shaping mould is arranged on the top of a box chamber; an aspiration hole is opened in the pre-shaping mould; a fiber feeding mechanism is arranged on the bottom of the pre-shaping box; the airflow circulation mechanism is connected with the box cover in a matched way, and further stretches to the bottom of a pre-shaping box frame; the fiber weighing and measuring mechanism is arranged on the terrace of a use place or configured on a support on the terrace; the fiber conveying mechanism is connected with the fiber weighing and measuring mechanism, and connected with the airflow circulation mechanism as well; and the hot air generation mechanism is connected with the airflow circulation mechanism by a pipeline. The automotive upholstery pre-shaping machine adopting the air filling method has the advantages that the density of a fiber cotton layer which is adsorbed onto the pre-shaping mould can be enabled to be consistent; the overall structure is simple, and moreover, the ideal automation degree can be reflected, and the labor intensity is decreased for workers; and additionally, the processing efficiency is ideal and the energy is saved.

The invention discloses a heterogeneous geospatial data management technique based on spatial object generalization and grid body indexing to well achieve effective management and efficient search of geospatial data on the multi-source heterogeneous condition. A heterogeneous geospatial data unified management interface is designed, and heterogeneous multi-source geospatial data are uniformly organized and managed in a heterogeneous spatial object generalization method according to the general attribute of spatial objects; and efficient indexing of heterogeneous multi-source geospatial data is achieved by adopting the hybrid heterogeneous spatial data grid body indexing technique based on R tree indexing and grid dividing indexing. The heterogeneous geospatial data management technique effectively improves efficiency of multi-source heterogeneous geospatial data management, reduces complexity of data accessing and indexing, and is an effective practice for solving the realistic problem of a geographic information system (GIS).

The invention provides an automotive upholstery pre-shaping machine, belonging to the technical field of automotive upholstery production devices. The automotive upholstery pre-shaping machine comprises a pre-shaping box, an airflow circulation mechanism, a fiber weighing and measuring mechanism and a hot air generation mechanism, wherein a box cover is formed on the top part of the pre-shaping box; a box chamber opening/closing mechanism is arranged on one side of the pre-shaping box; a pre-shaping mould is arranged on the top of a box chamber; an aspiration hole is opened in the pre-shaping mould; a fiber feeding mechanism is arranged on the bottom of the pre-shaping box; the airflow circulation mechanism is connected with the box cover in a matched way; the fiber weighing and measuring mechanism is arranged on a terrace; the hot air generation mechanism is connected with the airflow circulation mechanism by a pipeline; and the airflow circulation mechanism comprises a working motor, a fan, an aspiration pipe, an air supply pipe, a connection cotton box and a cotton guide box. The automotive upholstery pre-shaping machine has the advantages that the quality of automotive upholsteries which are pressed and shaped by subsequent pressing processes can be reliably guaranteed, the overall structure is simple, and the labor intensity is decreased for workers; and additionally, the processing efficiency is ideal and the energy is saved.

The invention discloses a ceramic cutting device, and belongs to the technical field of cutting equipment. The ceramic cutting device comprises a support, a plurality of supporting feet, a cutting table, a guide rail, a cutting machine and a water spray device. The supporting feet are connected with the support and used for supporting the support to keep horizontal. The cutting table is fixed to the support. The guide rail is arranged above the cutting table. The cutting machine is arranged on the guide rail in a sleeving manner and can move left and right relative to the guide rail. Through the fixed guide rail and the cutting machine arranged on the guide rail in the sleeving manner, the cutting machine can only move along the guide rail, and the cutting quality is guaranteed; and meanwhile, a grinding wheel matched with a cutting wheel is arranged, and a cut cutting opening is ground in the cutting process. Due to the fact that the grinding wheel is fixedly arranged relative to the cutting wheel, the consistency of the grinding degree is guaranteed, and the grinding quality is guaranteed. The ceramic cutting device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, cutting and grinding can be achieved at the same time, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is lowered.

The invention discloses an optical transmitting and receiving method, an optical transmitting and receiving device and an optical transmitting and receiving system. The device comprises a light production unit, a light splitting unit, a processing and sending unit, a receiving and processing unit, and a feedback control unit, wherein the light production unit is used for producing laser; the light splitting unit is used for splitting the laser produced by the light production unit into two paths of optical signals, namely one path is an emitting light signal, and the other path is a receivinglocal vibration light signal; the processing and sending unit is used for carrying out polarization processing on the emitting light signal, and sending the emitting light signal; the receiving and processing unit is used for receiving the optical signal, and carrying out polarizing coherent processing according to the received optical signal and the receiving local vibration light signal to acquire a feedback control signal; the feedback control unit is used for controlling the laser produced by the light production unit according to the feedback control signal so as to ensure that the optical signal sent by the processing and sending unit and the input optical signal received by the receiving and processing unit have a consistent light characteristic. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme of the invention, light source equipment in the optical transmitting and receiving device can be reduced; and the cost is reduced.

The invention provides a file storage system. The file storage system comprises storage equipment which is used for storing file data, a file system data base which is used for storing a storage path of the file data, and ensuring the consistency of file metadata, a file server which is used for uniformly managing the storage equipment and the file system data base, obtaining the file data from the storage equipment according to the path appointed by the file system data base and feeding information back to a client end, and an operation system which is used for controlling a program to operate and providing an interactive operation interface for a user. According to the file storage system, the management is simplified, the chaos is avoided, the storage space is effectively utilized, the cost is reduced, and when the client end is subjected to capacity expansion, the client end cannot sense the capacity expansion.

The invention discloses a sensor and a detection method for mass concentration of suspended particulate matters in the air. The sensor comprises a laser generator, a convex lens, a laser device base, a lens screen, a concave lens, a photosensitive element and an air circulating passage, wherein a laser beam vertically intersects the air circulating passage; the concave lens and the photosensitive element are respectively arranged at two sides of the air circulating passage; a connection line of the concave lens and the photosensitive element respectively intersects the air circulating passage and the laser beam. According to the sensor disclosed by the invention, the consistency of optical paths is ensured through the convex lens and the laser device base which is used for limiting the installing position and the freedom degree of a laser device; meanwhile, the consistency of laser beams is increased by utilizing the lens screen, thus the accuracy of detecting the particle size of the suspended particulate matters in the air is increased, higher consistency between every two sensors can be ensured during large-scale automatic production, manual correction is not needed, and the production efficiency can be greatly increased.

The invention relates to a gas diffusion layer of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The gas diffusion layer comprises a hydrophobic medium in a gradient distribution in the direction of a flow channel in a plane, and the uniformity of water distribution in the gas diffusion layer during the reaction of a cell is ensured. The fiber arrangement in a direction perpendicular to the flow channel direction in the plane can improve the thermal conductivity ability between the gas diffusion layer and an electrode plate. The porosities in plane penetrating direction are in a gradient arrangement, and the transfer of cell reaction water from a lower surface to an upper surface of the gas diffusion layer is facilitated. The designs of electrode plate ridge lower and flow channel lower gas diffusion layer structures are different, the ridge lower gas diffusion layer structure is concave, the too small porosity in the gas diffusion layer caused by excessive compression is prevented, and the water accumulation in a ridge lower gas diffusion layer is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the consistency of water and heat in the gas diffusion layer can be effectively ensured, the water drainage and heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell are enhanced, the mass transfer of reaction gas in the cell is increased, and the reaction efficiency of the cell is improved.

The invention disclose an active matrix/organic light emitting diode and a driving circuit and method thereof, which relate to the technical field of organic light emitting display, and aim to increase the brightness uniformity of the active matrix/organic light emitting diode. The driving circuit of the active matrix/organic light emitting diode comprises a driving transistor, a first transistor, a second capacitor, an organic light emitting diode and a voltage regulating module, wherein the voltage regulating module connected among a first control signal end, a second control signal end and a high level signal end is connected with the second capacitor, the driving transistor and the first transistor and used for regulating the grid source voltage of the driving transistor connected with the second capacitor so that the driving current of the driving transistor in a saturated state is unrelated to the threshold voltage of the driving transistor. The active matrix/organic light emitting diode can be used for organic light emitting display.

The invention provides a data updating method, which comprises the following steps of: 102, storing increment data generated by operating specified data in an original table in a temporary storage table respectively; and 104, updating values of the specified data in the original table according to the increment data. The invention also provides a data updating device. By the technical scheme of the invention, data can be updated in time under the condition of generating high concurrent operation, the running efficiency of a system is improved, and the data of the system is consistent and safe and is not lost.

The method sets up warm back-up module, registration table, and interface address of warm back-up on main board and standby board, which are utilized as main control board. The communication module and interface between boards are set up on the main board and service boards. After main board and standby board are exchanged, new main board searches warm back-up registration table. Based on interface address of warm back-up, new main board informs to carry out data exchange with service boards. With information of staring data exchange being received, data on new main board are transferred to service boards. The data on service boards are transferred to the new main board through the interface between boards. In the invention, validation and exchange of states and data between main board and service boards can be carrying out online without affecting on normal operation of service boards so as to maintain consistency of data and state for whole system.

The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling laser peening parameters to monitor surface roughness of a blade. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out laser peening treatment on the surface of a variable-section thin-wall complex blade; monitoring the surface roughness of the blade by controlling flat-topped distribution variation degree of a light beam; and finally, achieving design requirements of the surface roughness of the blade. The invention further discloses the device for controlling laser peening parameters to monitor surface roughness of the blade, and the device comprises a computer control system, a laser unit power supply, laser peening equipment, a transmitting mirror, a blade part robot, a blade part robot control system, a water coating robot control system, a water coating robot, a surface roughness measurer and an information acquisition system. The method and the device disclosed by the invention can treat surface roughness of various thin-wall complex curved surfaces, so that surface precision is improved.

The invention discloses a distributed file system and a method for processing multiple replica data in the distributed file system. The method comprises the steps that a client side obtains an address set and correct version numbers of multiple replica data of data blocks from a main node server; the client side reads replica data from data nodes corresponding to all node addresses contained in the address set; the client side judges if version numbers contained in the read replica data are consistent with the correct version numbers, if yes, the read replica data are reserved, and if not, the read replica data are eliminated. By means of the distributed file system and the method for processing the replica data in the distributed file system, consistence of the multiple replica data in the distributed file system can be guaranteed.

The invention discloses an electric vehicle and a power battery active temperature equalization system thereof. The system comprises a power battery, a temperature detector, a heat exchange cold plate, a water pump and a controller, wherein the temperature detector is used to detect the temperature of each battery cell in the power battery; the heat exchange cold plate is arranged corresponding tothe power battery to heat or cool the power battery through heat exchange liquid; the water pump is connected with the heat exchange cold plate, when the water pump rotates forwards, the heat exchange liquid flows from a first end of the heat exchange cold plate to a second end, and when the water pump rotates reversely, the heat exchange liquid flows from the second end of the heat exchange coldplate to the first end; and the controller is separately connected with the temperature detector and the water pump, and the controller controls the water pump to switch between positive rotation andreverse rotation to change the flow direction of the heat exchange liquid when determining that the temperature difference between any two battery cells is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold based on the temperature of each battery cell, and thus the temperature equalization of the power battery can be achieved.

The invention discloses a parameter configuration method and an operating and maintenance (O&M) system of a network element device. The system comprises an initial value configuration file, a dynamic configuration processing module and a parameter configuration module. The method comprises the following steps: the initial value of a configuration parameter is preserved in the initial value configuration file and is configured to the network element device when the network element device is started; the corrected configuration parameter and the modified value thereof during the running process of the network element device are preserved in a dynamic configuration file; and when the network element device is restarted, the initial value in the initial value configuration file is configured to the network element device firstly, and then the modified value in the dynamic configuration filed is used for replacing the initial value which corresponds to the configuration parameter and is configured to the network element device. By using the invention, the configuration parameter can be still completely preserved under various conditions of restart, power-failure and software/hardware upgrade of the network element device, the processing time of the network element device in the read/written configuration information is shorter, and the processing efficiency is high, therefore, the great convenience is provided for the running of the entire network.