The invention discloses a firework algorithm-based ship dynamic positioning prediction controller design method characterized by comprising the following steps: 1, establishing a dynamic positioning ship model; 2, identifying model parameters to obtain expressions of A (q-1) and B (q-1); 3, performing recursion through a diophantus-of-alexandria equation, to obtain expressions of Ej (q-1) and Fj (q-1); 4, calculating to obtain a coefficient matrix G; 5, performing rolling optimization according to a target function to obtain a control increment [delta]tau; 6, judging whether the control increment meets a constraint condition or not, if the control increment meets a constraint condition, entering the step 7, and if the control increment does not meet a constraint condition, performing optimization by adopting a firework algorithm flow, taking [delta]tau as optimization fireworks, and obtaining optimal [delta]tau after the optimization is finished; 7, calculating control input tau (k) atthe moment according to the optimal delta tau, and inputting the control input tau (k) to a control system; and step 8, turning to the step 2, continuously repeating the control flow according to theactual operation data of the system, and finding the optimal control output at the next moment until the control is finished.