The invention discloses a path
planning method and
system based on an improved self-adaptive
ant colony
algorithm, and the method comprises the following steps: initializing, loading traveling salesman problem instance data of a plurality of places based on basic parameters and dynamic parameters of the improved self-adaptive
ant colony
algorithm, constructing a
distance matrix between the places based on
Euclidean distance, and performing path planning on the
distance matrix. Initializing a symmetric
pheromone matrix; iterative optimization is carried out, each
ant starts from a randomly selected initial site, a complete path is constructed step by step through an improved
state transition probability rule, the
path length of each ant is calculated, and the current iterative optimal path and the length thereof are recorded; iteration is terminated, and when the number of iterations reaches the preset value, the
algorithm stops running; according to the method, statistics is carried out on results of multiple rounds of operation, the average optimal distance of the multiple rounds of operation and the
minimum distance in the multiple rounds of operation are obtained, namely, the optimal planning path is obtained, a self-adaptive volatilization mechanism is introduced, the
pheromone volatilization rate is dynamically adjusted according to the number of iterations, and the
local optimum problem is solved.