441 results about "Effective power" patented technology

The uncertainty of availability and risk associated with the cost of power procurement hinders the consumer from using new sources of supply / storage devices or taking part in the competitive power markets or procuring power from green energy resources. Present disclosure provides a method and a system for optimal scheduling of power sources for meeting electricity demand of enterprise. In particular, the system performs portfolio optimization formulation for cost, risk and carbon emission minimization for the enterprise. The portfolio optimization formulation simulates market scenario and guides in providing effective power purchase strategy for enterprise along with real-time adjustments. In particular, the level of risk to be considered along with cost of power procurement and carbon footprint determine portfolio allocation for each time block in portfolio optimization formulation. Thus, enterprise may choose most appropriate terms of contract, best installation size of renewable resources or batteries, and supply sources.

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly discloses a back contact solar cell, a cell module and a photovoltaic system, and the cell comprises a silicon substrate which is provided with a light receiving surface and a backlight surface which are opposite to each other; a doping layer and an electrode layer are sequentially arranged on the backlight face in the direction away from the light receiving face, the doping layer comprises N-type doping layers and P-type doping layers which are alternately arranged at intervals, the electrode layer comprises N-type electrodes and P-type electrodes, the electrical conductivity of the silicon substrate, the electrical conductivity of the P-type doping layers and the electrical conductivity of the N-type doping layers are sequentially increased, and the electrical conductivity of the P-type doping layers and the electrical conductivity of the N-type doping layers are sequentially increased. When the silicon substrate is a P-type silicon substrate, the total length of all the N-type electrodes is greater than the total length of all the P-type electrodes; when the silicon substrate is an N-type silicon substrate, the total length of all the P-type electrodes is larger than the total length of all the N-type electrodes. Separation of photo-generated electron hole pairs and collection of current can be enhanced, series resistance can be effectively reduced, power loss in the cell is reduced, filling factors are improved, meanwhile, the effective power generation area of the silicon substrate is increased, more photo-generated carriers are generated, short-circuit current is improved, and the conversion efficiency of the cell is effectively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of AGVs, in particular to an AGV, a passive Chinese character'tian '-shaped support forking method and an active Chinese character'tian'-shaped support forking method, a lifting module enables lifting of a single fork arm assembly to only need a single driving source to provide effective power through the design of a driving shear fork unit and a driven shear fork unit, the structure is simplified, and the lifting efficiency is improved. The fork arm assembly is supported more stably, the shear forks in the lifting module are shorter, and the shear forks can stretch out and draw back from gaps between cross beams at the bottom of the matts, so that the effect of forking the matts is achieved; in the forking process, a shear fork of the lifting module is supported by the ground, supporting is more stable through the structure, additional balance weights do not need to be added to an AGV body, and the size and the weight are smaller; through the design of the portal assembly, the telescopic movement of the multiple fork arm top plate modules connected with the portal assembly is synchronous, the telescopic movement of the multiple fork arm assemblies can be achieved only through one power source, and the cost is reduced.

The invention provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. The solar cell comprises a silicon substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other; the first surface of the silicon substrate comprises a plurality of conductive regions which are arranged at intervals, the doped conductive layers are arranged on the conductive regions respectively, and a groove which is concave towards the interior of the silicon substrate is formed between every two adjacent conductive regions; wherein the groove comprises two opposite side faces and a bottom face located between the two side faces, and at least part of the side faces are provided with a plurality of sheet-shaped structures. The light absorption capability of the solar cell and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell are effectively improved, and the effective generating capacity of the solar cell in the life cycle can be improved.

The invention provides a power supply control method, a target domain controller and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of automatic driving and functional safety. The method is applied to a target domain controller which is connected with multiple power supplies. The method comprises the following steps: determining an automatic driving level of an automatic driving system of a target vehicle; if the automatic driving level is higher than or equal to the target level, determining an effective power supply in the multiple paths of power supplies; if the effective power supply comprises a reference power supply, using the reference power supply to supply power to the target domain controller; and if the effective power supplies do not include the reference power supply, using any one of the effective power supplies to supply power to the target domain controller. The problem of potential safety hazards existing in a single power supply method is avoided, power redundancy is provided for the target domain controller, and it is ensured that the target domain controller can obtain stable and reliable power supply when the automatic driving system is at the key level.

The invention discloses a charging station management method and system, and relates to the field of power management and electric vehicle charging, and the main scheme is as follows: collecting charging equipment data and vehicle data; calculating a plurality of quantized values respectively; calculating a charging demand level CDR according to the multiple quantized values, and comparing the charging demand level CDR with a threshold value to judge the charging demand level; calculating the upper limit QU of the chargeable amount of the battery, further obtaining the optimal charging amount QO, calculating the actual charging power PC at the current moment, further obtaining the effective power PE of actual charging, and obtaining the optimal charging duration TH; calculating a charging position vacancy rate RF, and comparing the charging position vacancy rate RF with a threshold value to distribute charging positions for vehicles with different charging demand levels; calculating a comprehensive risk assessment index R, comparing the comprehensive risk assessment index R with a threshold value to judge whether to give out early warning, calculating adjusted charging power Pnew during early warning, and adjusting a charging strategy through threshold value comparison; calculating a charging cost HK based on the collected data; the method can accurately evaluate the vehicle charging demand, reasonably distributes the charging resources, and guarantees the safe and efficient charging.

The invention discloses a single-line return-to-zero code LED drive control chip circuit which comprises a power management circuit, a start reset circuit, an oscillator circuit, a bias current circuit, a digital circuit and a light emitting diode drive circuit. The light emitting diode driving circuit comprises a driving channel of a white light emitting diode chip, a driving channel of a red light emitting diode chip, a driving channel of a green light emitting diode chip and a driving channel of a blue light emitting diode chip, and the power management circuit is used for ensuring that the power supply is turned off when all-zero data or no data is input by analyzing the states of the previous data and the next data in the power management signal. The single-line return-to-zero code LED driving control chip solves the problems that the current single-line return-to-zero code LED driving control chip with a three-channel design does not have a sleep mode, so that effective power consumption management is lacked when the brightness and the color of an LED are controlled, and the whole LED device still has static power consumption waste in a non-light-emitting state.

The invention provides a control parameter adjustment method based on a stability domain of a multi-grid-connected inverter system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first proportionality coefficient and a first current reference value of a single-grid-connected inverter current controller; obtaining an effective power grid impedance matrix of the multi-grid-connected inverter system; based on the first proportionality coefficient, the first current reference value and the effective power grid impedance matrix of the multi-grid-connected inverter system, determining a loop gain matrix eigenvalue node diagram of the single-working-condition multi-grid-connected inverter system corresponding to the single-grid-connected inverter; determining a stability domain three-dimensional point of the single-working-condition multi-grid-connected inverter system based on a loop gain matrix eigenvalue node diagram of the single-working-condition multi-grid-connected inverter system; determining a multi-working-condition multi-grid-connected inverter system stability domain three-dimensional diagram corresponding to the single grid-connected inverter based on the single-working-condition multi-grid-connected inverter system stability domain three-dimensional point; and adjusting the first proportionality coefficient and the first current reference value based on the stability domain three-dimensional diagram of the multi-working-condition multi-grid-connected inverter system. The adjusting process is simple to operate and easy to implement.

The invention discloses a laminated cell and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the steps: preparing a transparent conductive layer of a first cell, and preparing a P1 scribing line on the transparent conductive layer; sequentially preparing a first functional layer, an active layer and a second functional layer on the transparent conductive layer, and preparing a P2 scribing line on the first functional layer, the active layer and the second functional layer; a first electrode layer is prepared on the second functional layer, the first electrode layer is a grid line electrode layer prepared through first mask plates, and grooves, where the first electrode layer is not deposited, between the first mask plates are P3 scribing lines; a second battery located below the first battery is obtained, the surface of the second battery comprises a second electrode layer of grid lines, and the grid lines of the first electrode layer and the grid lines of the second electrode layer are aligned and consistent up and down. According to the invention, heat influence and damage caused by a P3 scribing process can be eliminated, so that the stability of the device is enhanced, and any loss is not generated in an effective power generation area of a bottom battery.

The invention relates to a partial energy storage embedded medium-voltage optical storage integrated system and a control method thereof, the integrated system comprises at least one photovoltaic sub-module and at least one energy storage embedded sub-module, and the photovoltaic sub-modules and the energy storage embedded sub-modules are in cascade connection; the control method adopts hierarchical control and comprises system-level power control, inter-phase and intra-phase power balance control and module-level power control in each sub-module, the system-level power control is used for carrying out active / reactive power control according to sampled voltage and current of a power grid, and the module-level power control is used for carrying out inter-phase and intra-phase power balance control. The inter-phase and intra-phase power balance control is used for carrying out inter-phase and intra-phase power distribution based on the energy storage SOC of each energy storage embedded sub-module so as to realize inter-phase balance and intra-phase balance, and the module-level power control in each sub-module is used for controlling the photovoltaic unit to output the maximum power and enabling each sub-module to output stable direct-current voltage. Compared with the prior art, the system has the advantages of high energy efficiency, low cost, high reliability and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and provides an efficient cooling high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor which comprises a motor shell, an air inlet hole is formed in the outer surface of the motor shell, a supporting ring is detachably connected to the interior of the motor shell, a stator winding is fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting ring, and a rotor is rotatably connected to the inner side of the stator winding. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotor, blades are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a cavity formed by the stator winding, the rotor, the motor shell and the end cover is an air passing channel, an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the motor shell, and an air outlet opening is formed in the surface of the stator winding. A cavity formed by the inner side position, corresponding to the supporting ring, of the stator winding, the supporting ring and the motor shell is an air outlet cavity. According to the technical scheme, the problems that an existing high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor winding is high in accumulated heat, the effective power capacity of the motor is reduced, the manufacturing cost of a motor with the same power level is high, and manufacturing materials are wasted to a certain extent are solved.

A modular multilevel power converter includes: a capacitor voltage adjuster that calculates an active current component command to make an average voltage of capacitors match a command value; an active power detector that receives an AC current signal and an AC voltage signal and calculates an active power; an active power adjuster that calculates a DC current command value to make the active power match a command value; a first active power command suppressor that suppresses an absolute value of an active power command value; and a second active power command suppressor that adjusts an absolute value of an active power command value.

The invention provides a power distribution network autonomous support control method based on an adjustable load spring effect, and relates to the technical field of power system control, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring a power grid load, collecting load overload information, optimizing load spring parameters, obtaining an optimal load spring parameter array, carrying out the adjustable load spring effect analysis, and obtaining residual load overload information. And constructing electrical load parameter distribution, carrying out energy storage support optimization, obtaining optimal energy storage support parameter distribution, and carrying out target power grid control by adopting the optimal load spring parameter array and the optimal energy storage support parameter distribution. The technical problem of low operation efficiency of the power distribution network due to lack of an effective power grid overload monitoring and response mechanism in the prior art can be solved, the distributed power supply and the energy storage system are combined, the load spring parameters and the energy storage support parameters are optimized, autonomous support control of the power distribution network is realized, and the power distribution network operation efficiency is improved. The technical effect of improving the operation efficiency of the power distribution network is achieved.

The invention belongs to a part surface treatment technology, and relates to a reflection device based on blade disc shielding structure laser shock strengthening and a strengthening method. Comprising a blade clamping robot, a blade clamping tool, a reflecting polarizer clamping robot, a laser light outlet, a light path focusing device, a reflector path support, a reflecting polarizer tool and a reflecting polarizer. After the device is adopted, the energy loss caused by reflection of laser due to an overlarge incident angle is reduced. And the condition of inconsistent effective power density caused by non-uniform laser incidence angles due to structural interference on the processed surface of the blade is improved, so that the uniform strengthening effect on the surface of a part is achieved. The problem that laser cannot reach and cannot be strengthened due to structural interference of the blade is solved. By means of the method, it can be guaranteed that the laser beam is reachable, meanwhile, through off-line programming of the part clamping robot and the polarization reflector clamping robot, the impact position of the laser beam is accurately quantified, and the laser impact strengthening process is optimized.

The invention relates to the technical field of control, in particular to an electric power supply and distribution intelligent scheduling early warning detection method and system, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the clustering of the daily electricity consumption of a set number of days of an electricity consumption collection unit, obtaining a plurality of clustering clusters, and enabling each clustering cluster to represent a time period electricity consumption sequence with similar electricity consumption behaviors in one day; determining all power utilization time periods based on the time period power utilization sequence of each day; a complete electricity utilization period is constructed; screening the power utilization period to obtain an effective period; calculating a first ratio and a second ratio in the effective period; the difference value between the second mean value and the first mean value is used as the power utilization margin; and calculating the ratio of the current residual electric quantity of the power utilization unit to the power utilization residual quantity, and if the ratio is smaller than a preset residual quantity threshold value, giving out an early warning of insufficient power supply of the power utilization unit. The invention aims to optimize power resource configuration by formulating an effective power management strategy so as to ensure the stability of power supply.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic shielding type and degree diagnosis method based on an I-V curve and deep learning. The method comprises the following implementation steps: (1) collecting I-V curve data of a photovoltaic string; (2) carrying out preprocessing and image coding on the acquired I-V curve data; (3) a double-flow deep neural network is adopted to diagnose the photovoltaic shielding type; and (4) estimating the shielding severity by combining a photovoltaic shielding diagnosis result and the mechanism model. The method can be used for solving the problem that the specific type and degree cannot be diagnosed in photovoltaic shielding detection, and is beneficial to adopting an effective power optimization method and an operation and maintenance strategy.

The invention discloses a power generation control method and device based on active and reactive adjustment of photovoltaic power generation. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a planned power generation curve distributed to a photovoltaic power plant by a power grid side and a predicted power generation curve generated by the photovoltaic power plant; judging whether the predicted power generation curve and the planned power generation curve are fitted or not, and if not, performing deep learning to modify the planned power generation curve and resending the planned power generation curve to the photovoltaic power plant; and in fitting, whether the actually measured power generation curve of the active power and the reactive power of the photovoltaic power plant is fitted with the predicted power generation curve is judged. If not, modifying the plate cleaning scheme of the photovoltaic power plant; and the photovoltaic power plant performs power generation control based on the power plant equipment safety requirement and the planned power generation curve. Through two times of fitting judgment, the planned power generation curve approaches the predicted power generation curve, the actually measured power generation curve approaches the predicted power generation curve, and the determinacy of photovoltaic power generation control is improved. The service life and the working performance of equipment are guaranteed, and the power generation control difficulty of a photovoltaic power plant is broken through.

The invention relates to the technical field of electricity transaction, and particularly provides an electricity transaction strategy making method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining data related to electricity transaction, and carrying out the preprocessing of the data; determining prediction tasks of the power transaction, selecting corresponding prediction algorithm models according to different prediction tasks, and training the prediction algorithm models by using the preprocessed data; performing corresponding prediction by adopting the trained prediction algorithm model to obtain a prediction result; performing risk assessment on the power transaction to obtain a risk assessment result; and formulating a power transaction strategy according to the prediction result and the risk assessment result. Therefore, the prediction algorithm model is selected according to the prediction task to perform corresponding prediction, and the power transaction strategy is formulated according to the prediction result and the risk assessment result, so that the power prediction accuracy is improved, and the effective power transaction strategy is formulated.

The utility model provides an energy increasing type light storage direct-current flexible system which comprises a direct-current bus, an alternating-current bus and a gas generator. The DC bus is electrically connected with an external power grid through the optical storage DC-flexible AC grid-connected device; the direct-current bus is electrically connected with the photovoltaic power generation equipment through the maximum power tracking device; the direct current bus and the alternating current bus are electrically connected through a direct current-to-alternating current one-way converter; the alternating current bus is electrically connected with alternating current electric equipment; the gas generator is connected with a gas conveying pipeline or a gas storage tank through a pipeline; one path of the power output end of the gas generator is electrically connected with the alternating current bus, and the other path of the power output end of the gas generator is electrically connected with the direct current bus through the alternating current-direct current one-way converter; and the direct current bus is electrically connected with the gas generator through the alternating current-direct current one-way converter. According to the utility model, the gas generator is introduced as a supplement of a power supply, and effective power support can be provided when photovoltaic power is insufficient or suddenly dropped.

The invention relates to an AC / DC bidirectional energy efficiency analysis method and analysis system applied to a photovoltaic transformer area. The AC / DC bidirectional energy efficiency analysis method comprises the following steps: synchronously acquiring parameter information in an AC circuit and parameter information in a DC circuit; calculating the active power P1 in the AC circuit and the effective power P2 in the DC circuit according to the parameter information; calculating an electric energy input / output value E1 of the alternating current circuit in the period; and calculating an electric energy input / output value E2 of the direct-current circuit in the period. According to the invention, the bidirectional flow condition of alternating current and direct current electric energy is accurately and efficiently metered, and the metering and analysis result provides powerful support for efficient utilization and lean management of electric energy. By calculating the electric energy ratio, the efficiency and the performance of the system can be directly reflected, the economical efficiency and the reliability of the alternating current and direct current hybrid power distribution network planning scheme can be accurately evaluated, a basis is provided for optimizing system design and operation, and then safe operation of the alternating current and direct current hybrid power distribution network is better guaranteed.

The invention discloses an active-disturbance-rejection control method and system for a four-port magnetic network electric energy router, and belongs to the technical field of isolated power electronic converters. The method is based on a proportional-integral control method of a decoupling matrix, and is combined with an adaptive disturbance suppression state observer to be used in the magnetic network electric energy router, so that the active disturbance rejection of the system is improved, and particularly, the common problem of parameter mismatching in a traditional decoupling control method is solved. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a simple and effective power decoupling matrix, thereby realizing efficient power decoupling among a plurality of ports, effectively reducing mutual interference among the ports, and ensuring that control of each port can be independent and stable; and 2, introducing an adaptive disturbance suppression state observer into a feedback system, so that the system can estimate and compensate errors caused by parameter uncertainty or noise interference in real time, and the active disturbance rejection of the system under dynamic and complex working conditions is greatly improved.

The utility model provides an intelligent scheduling command platform with integrated scheduling, and effectively solves the problem that the scheduling work is influenced because an interphone and a camera in the prior art are lack of effective means of effective electric quantity. The dispatching command platform comprises an electric quantity monitoring module, the electric quantity monitoring module comprises a primary diagnosis circuit and a secondary diagnosis circuit, the primary diagnosis circuit detects a current signal of a battery in dispatching equipment during use by using a current sensor, obtains a reminding signal and an early warning signal based on the current signal, and sends the reminding signal and the early warning signal to the secondary diagnosis circuit; the reminding signal and the early warning signal are output to a command center; the primary diagnosis circuit is connected with one end of the secondary diagnosis circuit, and the other end of the secondary diagnosis circuit is connected with the command center.

The present invention provides an integrated device for fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication, which relates to the technical field of fire lighting and includes: a silicone lamp holder, the main body of the silicone lamp holder is in a long strip structure; a binding hole is provided at the upper flange on the front side of the silicone lamp holder, and a positioning expansion nail is arranged in the binding hole; dark lines are fixedly installed in an equidistant and inlaid manner in the groove structure of the silicone lamp holder; emergency lights and indicator lights are fixedly arranged at equal intervals in the groove structure of the silicone lamp holder; a unified and effective power supply is used for power supply, so that each group of emergency lights and indicator lights can be put into work uniformly, and by adopting the way of continuous lighting prompt, the indication effect can be better achieved. The assembly of the silicone lamp holder and the lamp strip cover is convenient, and it can be quickly installed through the expansion nail, and it can adapt to corner installation, maintain power-on prompt on different walls, and can form one or more complete escape paths to guide the evacuation of the masses, solving the problem of inconvenient control of decentralized indication.

The invention discloses an NFC-based passive portable multi-type pesticide detection system and method, the NFC-based passive portable multi-type pesticide detection system comprises a circuit module and an electrode, the circuit module comprises a substrate, an NFC coil antenna, an NFC module, a main control module, a DAC module, a dual-channel constant potential module, a negative power supply module and an ADC sub-module, the ADC sub-module is connected with the operational amplifier chip; the circuit module further comprises an external pin module, and the electrode is connected with the external pin module; according to the passive portable multi-type pesticide detection system based on the NFC, the multi-channel constant potential circuit and the NFC technology are combined based on the electrochemical sensing principle, and the passive portable multi-type pesticide detection system is realized through effective power supply control.

The invention discloses a composite insulation monitoring equipment cooperative work control system and method suitable for a complex ship power supply network. An acquisition module in the system acquires a state signal of the complex ship power supply network through a digital quantity input signal cable; the control unit is in communication connection with the acquisition module and is used for receiving the state signal and executing cooperative control logic; the output module is in communication connection with the control unit and is connected with an expansion relay through a digital quantity output signal cable, and the expansion relay is used for controlling input or quit of the insulation meter. The on-off state of each circuit breaker and the operation state of each insulation monitor are collected, the input and the output of each insulation monitoring meter are controlled according to a manually set requirement principle, and the condition that one insulation meter continuously works is avoided by setting a certain cycle time and changing the priority among the insulation monitoring meters. According to the control method, various insulation monitoring devices on a certain type of ship can be matched for use, and a continuous and effective power grid insulation state monitoring function is realized.

Provided is a control system that suppresses fluctuations in the frequency and the voltage of a bus. A control system is for a power conversion device that performs charging / discharging of a secondary battery, in a power supply system including: a generator subject to unintended output variability; and the secondary battery. The control system: generates a charging / discharging command value that compensates for a difference between power generation of the generator and the total power generation of the power supply system; simulates driving of a virtual synchronous generator; calculates, on the basis of a rotor model for calculating the rotational speed of the virtual synchronous generator, an effective voltage value and a phase of the virtual synchronous generator; calculates a voltage and a phase at a connection point between the power conversion device and the bus; calculates a phase angle between the phase of the virtual synchronous generator and the phase of the connection point; determines a target value for the effective power of the power conversion device on the basis of the effective voltage value of the virtual synchronous generator, the voltage at the connection point, and the phase angle; and generates a power conversion device control command that includes the determined effective power target value and the charging / discharging command value.

The invention discloses a method and system for suppressing subsynchronous oscillation of a voltage source wind turbine generator, and the method comprises the steps: collecting stator three-phase voltage and stator three-phase current of a doubly-fed generator, and obtaining d-axis and q-axis stator voltage DC components and stator current DC components; obtaining a rotor direct current component; obtaining stator output active power, stator output reactive power, and active power and reactive power after passing through a low-pass filter, and obtaining a compensation instruction of adaptive virtual damping control; outputting a d-axis rotor current instruction and a q-axis rotor current instruction, and obtaining a rotor voltage instruction under the synchronous rotating coordinate system; superposing the rotor voltage instruction and a compensation instruction of adaptive virtual damping control to obtain a new rotor voltage instruction; and after the new rotor voltage instruction and the rotor voltage instruction are modulated by an SVPWM link, a rotor side converter switching tube control signal is generated, so that subsynchronous oscillation suppression of the doubly-fed wind power generation system is realized.

Provided is a substrate processing apparatus comprising: a substrate support on which a substrate is mounted; a first radio frequency power supply that outputs first radio frequency power with a first frequency to the substrate support; a second radio frequency power supply that outputs second radio frequency power with a second frequency lower than the first frequency to the substrate support; a sensor that detects reflected waves received from the substrate support and a processor that controls the first radio frequency power supply so that an effective power, which is equal to a difference between the power of the reflected waves detected by the sensor and the output power of the first radio frequency power supply, reaches a set value.

The invention discloses a stirring head power consumption detection method, a server, a storage medium and a program product, and relates to the field of welding. According to the method, the server collects the sound field vibration signals in the welding process through the sound field sensor and conducts wavelet transformation, main frequency band energy and phase information are obtained, then the sound field distortion factor and the sound field rotation angular speed are calculated, and the sound field distortion factor and the sound field rotation angular speed are input into the power consumption calculation model to obtain effective power consumption of the stirring head. Compared with traditional power consumption monitoring which only depends on current, voltage and other electrical parameters, the method can accurately reflect the complex dynamic state of mechanical contact, and the working state of the stirring head is monitored in a multi-dimensional mode. The uniformity of sound field energy distribution is quantified (abnormal contact of the stirring head is found in time, workpiece damage or excessive loss of the stirring head caused by energy concentration is avoided, and the welding quality stability is improved), the sound field energy transmission efficiency is tracked, and the accuracy and real-time performance of power consumption calculation are improved.

The invention discloses a main and standby power supply switching circuit, an ECU power supply system and a vehicle, and relates to the field of main and standby power supply switching, and the main and standby power supply switching circuit comprises a main power supply and a standby power supply; the output end of the main power supply is connected with the input end of the DCDC module, the output end of the DCDC module is connected with the anode of the first diode, the output end of the standby power supply is connected with the anode of the second diode, and the cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are both connected with the input end of the power supply module; the first diode and the second diode have the same specification; when the main power supply is in a normal working state, the initial output voltage of the DCDC module is greater than the effective power supply voltage of the standby power supply; and when the main power supply is in a fault state, the actual output voltage of the DCDC module is reduced to zero from the initial output voltage. According to the invention, automatic switching from the main power supply to the standby power supply can be realized without an additional control switch.