The invention discloses a load balancing method based on task distribution of a multicore system. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring the operand of task, and sequencing the tasks according to a flow; (2) dynamically monitoring the load rate of each processing unit, and pre-distributing the tasks; and (3) partitioning the tasks in a balanced way according to the load rate. In the method, load balancing of the multi-core system is realized by dynamically monitoring the load rate of each processing unit in real time, so that dynamic task rearrangement can be realized rapidly in a complex environment having the characteristics of multiple tasks, high throughput, high calculation complexity and large-scale parallel operation, reasonable distribution of system resources is realized, and the heating quantity of the entire system is controlled effectively through load balance of processing units on each level.