The invention discloses a line polling management system, which comprises an acquisition module (301), a polling locus analysis module (303) and a polling evaluation analysis module (304), wherein the acquisition module (301) is sued for acquiring polling information in a polled line, and the polling information at least comprises longitude and latitude information; the polling locus analysis module (303) is used for dividing a pre-generated line map into a plurality of grids, generating a polling locus according to the polling information acquired by the acquisition module (301), matching the polling locus and the grids and determining a candidate line to be analyzed; and the polling evaluation analysis module (304) is sued for calculating the distance between the polling locus point and the evaluation point of the candidate line and determining that the polling locus point covers the evaluation point if the distance is smaller than the preset threshold value. The invention also discloses a line polling management method. According to the scheme, the system and the method can greatly simplify the operation of polling personnel, can adapt to various environment conditions, have low cost, and are easy to popularize.