171 results about "Temperature coefficient" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of temperature measurement, in particular to a multi-zone temperature distribution real-time calibration method based on a heating body, which comprises the following steps of: 1, etching on the surface of a metal alloy heating body of which the resistance temperature coefficient is greater than a preset material threshold value to form N discrete series resistance heating units which are electrically connected in series but thermally discrete; 2, establishing a resistance-temperature dynamic relation library of each discrete series resistance heating unit; 3, synchronously measuring the real-time resistance value of each unit when the heating body works; 4, reversely deducing the temperature of a unit center point through a unit exclusive relational expression according to the real-time resistance value, and reconstructing a continuous temperature distribution matrix on the surface of the heating body in combination with a heat conduction equation; and 5, comparing the target temperature field with the real-time temperature field matrix, and adjusting the driving power of the corresponding unit in the out-of-tolerance region. Through continuous calibration and temperature adjustment, accurate control of a temperature field can be maintained in different use environments.

The invention relates to a temperature drift compensation method for a pressure instrument, and belongs to the technical field of pressure instruments, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining output signal values of a pressure sensor at different temperature points, and building a temperature-output signal data set; constructing a polynomial fitting model as a temperature drift compensation model, fitting a temperature coefficient through a least square method, and storing the coefficient into an instrument memory; original values of temperature and pressure are collected in real time and substituted into the model to calculate a compensated pressure value. The method also supports various strategies such as temperature sensor calibration, nonlinear error compensation, Kalman filtering noise reduction, dynamic temperature change rate compensation and neural network compensation, and has self-calibration and remote updating functions. According to the invention, the measurement precision and stability of the pressure instrument in a variable-temperature environment are significantly improved, and the method is suitable for high-precision industrial measurement and intelligent monitoring scenes of the Internet of Things.

The invention relates to a precise clock synchronization parameter tracking method based on an augmented Kalman neural network, and belongs to the field of time synchronization. According to the method, for a multi-hop network scene with environment temperature change and asymmetric link transmission delay, the influence of the accumulated asymmetric link transmission delay in a multi-hop network on clock synchronization precision is considered, and a multi-hop network clock observation equation containing the accumulated asymmetric link delay is obtained; establishing a recursive state equation of the clock frequency offset and the temperature change based on a quadratic polynomial model of the temperature and the clock frequency offset; and modeling an evolution process of accumulated asymmetric delay and an unknown temperature coefficient into a first-order linear difference equation, augmenting the first-order linear difference equation to a clock parameter tracking state space model, and realizing joint tracking of clock phase offset and clock frequency offset of a slave node by using an augmented Kalman neural network algorithm. According to the method, joint tracking of clock phase offset and frequency offset is carried out by adopting the idea of data and model joint driving, and the accuracy and robustness of clock parameter tracking are improved.

A plurality of resistors are disclosed herein. The resistor may include one or more resistive elements and a plurality of conductive portions. Openings or slots, which can be configured to adjust temperature coefficient or resistance (TCR) values of the resistor, are formed in the resistive elements. The shape, quantity, and orientation of the openings or slots can vary. In one aspect, header assemblies are provided for securing or holding pins relative to the resistors.

The invention provides a temperature error compensation method and system for a strong current pulse measurement system, and belongs to the technical field of pulse power, and the method comprises the steps: analyzing the influence of a device on the output comprehensive error of a to-be-compensated strong current pulse measurement system according to a device temperature coefficient function and interference weight ratio recognition, and recognizing a system key device; taking the temperature coefficient function of the key device as the input, taking the goal that the root mean square of the temperature coefficient in the system operation domain reaches the minimum, and adopting a first deep convolutional neural network to carry out optimal distribution of the temperature coefficient of the key device; according to the distributed optimal temperature coefficient of the key device, adjusting the actual temperature coefficient of the key device through a second deep convolutional neural network by using a temperature sensor and a programmable device; and based on the difference value between the actual temperature coefficient of the key device and the distributed optimal temperature coefficient of the key device, compensating the output overall temperature of the measurement system. According to the invention, effective compensation of the temperature coefficient of the full-temperature operation domain of the measurement system is realized.

The invention provides a temperature distribution inversion method based on a multi-vertex grid and a high-robustness error functional, and the method comprises the steps: 1, obtaining a temperature gradient change rule of a measured structure under a typical thermal load condition, and determining a three-dimensional multi-vertex grid division scheme and a temperature sensor layout form of the measured structure; step 2, establishing an m vertex grid basis function model, and constructing a conversion matrix between a regular grid and an irregular grid; 3, establishing a high-robustness error functional between the theoretical temperature of the centroid position of each surface of the m-vertex grid and the actually measured temperature of the sensor; 4, a temperature matrix equation containing a temperature coefficient matrix and a temperature amplitude matrix is constructed, temperature vectors of all grid vertexes are solved, the m-vertex grid basis function model is combined, three-dimensional temperature distribution in the structure space is inverted, and according to the method, only few sensors need to be adopted, the global temperature response of the structure can be obtained, and the inversion precision is high; the method is simple, convenient and high in real-time performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of heating body temperature calibration, in particular to a TCR calibration method and device, calibration equipment and a readable storage medium. The TCR calibration method comprises the following steps: calibrating at least one first heating body, obtaining a standard resistance temperature coefficient of the first heating body, heating the first heating body based on a predetermined condition, obtaining at least one standard temperature variable according to the standard resistance temperature coefficient, and heating at least one second heating body based on the same predetermined condition. Acquiring at least one test resistance value variable of the second heating body, and finally acquiring the resistance temperature coefficient of the at least one second heating body according to the standard temperature variable and the test resistance value variable. Therefore, the technical problems that in the TCR calibration process of the heating body, the operation process is tedious, and the calculation result is inaccurate are solved.

The invention discloses a low-self-heating constant-temperature-difference control circuit and method for compensating process errors of a thermal flowmeter. The low-self-heating constant-temperature-difference control circuit comprises a heating resistor, an environment temperature resistor, a control resistor, a starting resistor, a first potentiometer, a second potentiometer, first to sixth resistors, a triode, a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, a third operational amplifier and a power source. The third operational amplifier controls a Wheatstone bridge composed of the first resistor, the second resistor, the heating resistor and the environment temperature resistor as main bodies to be in a balanced state through negative feedback regulation; the third resistor, the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor reduce the heating power of the environment temperature resistor through voltage division, resistance values of the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer are adjustable, and errors of resistance values and temperature coefficients generated in the machining process of the heating resistor and the environment temperature resistor can be compensated. According to the invention, the overheating temperature of the heating resistor can be more accurately controlled to be constant, so that the measurement precision is improved.

The present invention relates to the technical field of temperature calibration of heating bodies, and in particular to a temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) calibration method and apparatus, a calibration device, and a readable storage medium. The TCR calibration method comprises: calibrating at least one first heating body to obtain a standard TCR of the first heating body; then heating the first heating body on the basis of a preset condition, and obtaining at least one standard temperature variable on the basis of the standard TCR; then heating at least one second heating body on the basis of the same preset condition to acquire obtain at least one test resistance variable of the second heating body; and finally obtaining the TCR of the at least one second heating body on the basis of the standard temperature variable and the test resistance variable. Therefore, the technical problems of a complex operation process and inaccurate calculation results in TCR calibration of heating bodies are solved.

Multiple degenerately-doped silicon layers are implemented within resonant structures to control multiple orders of temperature coefficients of frequency.

The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring and correcting the load effect of a sampling resistor under low air pressure. According to the invention, air pressure parameters are introduced into a measurement task of a sampling resistor load effect, and an error function model R (T, P, A) based on temperature T, air pressure A, load power P and a sampling resistance value R is established, so that the limitation that measurement cannot be carried out under low air pressure in a traditional measurement method is solved; a temperature coefficient, a load coefficient and an air pressure coefficient are accurately measured through the low-air-pressure sampling resistor load effect measuring device, and the problem of the sampling resistor load effect under the low air pressure can be effectively quantified. According to the method for measuring and correcting the load effect of the sampling resistor under the low air pressure, the resistance value under the actual working condition can be accurately measured, meanwhile, the real resistance value under any working condition can be deduced according to the error correction model R (T, P and A), the current measurement error is further corrected, and the accuracy of current measurement is improved.

Multiple degenerately-doped silicon layers are implemented within resonant structures to control multiple orders of temperature coefficients of frequency.

The invention is applicable to the technical field of calculation of equivalent elastic modulus of machine tool joint surfaces, and provides a method for calculating equivalent elastic modulus of a medium-containing joint surface of a composite machine tool, which comprises the following steps of: calculating solid contact rigidity between the joint surfaces by adopting a fractal contact theory and considering a microstructure of surface roughness; an elastic modulus temperature coefficient concept is introduced to quantify the relationship of the elastic modulus of the material along with the temperature change; analyzing the influence of different media on the equivalent stiffness of the junction surface; constructing an equivalent elastic modulus calculation model of the joint surface, analyzing the relationship between solid and medium contact stiffness, and calculating the equivalent elastic modulus of the medium-containing joint surface; and quantitatively analyzing the influence of the types of media between the junction surfaces, the preload conditions of the junction surfaces and the temperature change on the elastic modulus of the junction surfaces through a virtual material method. According to the method, the defects in the prior art are overcome, a more accurate theoretical basis is provided for machine tool design and performance optimization, optimization of the machine tool design is facilitated, and the performance and reliability of the machine tool in variable working environments are improved.

MEMS force sensors for providing temperature coefficient of offset (TCO) compensation are described herein. An example MEMS force sensor can include a TCO compensation layer to minimize the TCO of the force sensor. The bottom side of the force sensor can be electrically and mechanically mounted on a package substrate while the TCO compensation layer is disposed on the top side of the sensor. It is shown the TCO can be reduced to zero with the appropriate combination of Young's modulus, thickness, and / or thermal coefficient of expansion (TCE) of the TCO compensation layer.

The invention provides a delta-sigma temperature sensor of positive temperature coefficient reference voltage, the delta-sigma temperature sensor is used for obtaining a temperature value according to an input voltage, a first temperature proportionality coefficient exists between the input voltage and the temperature, the delta-sigma temperature sensor comprises a reference voltage generating circuit, an integrating circuit and a quantizer, the reference voltage generating circuit is used for generating a positive temperature coefficient reference voltage and outputting the positive temperature coefficient reference voltage to the integrating circuit, the positive temperature coefficient reference voltage is in direct proportion to the temperature and has a second temperature proportionality coefficient, and the second temperature proportionality coefficient is smaller than the first temperature proportionality coefficient; the integrating circuit is used for amplifying and accumulating a difference value between the input voltage and the positive temperature coefficient reference voltage and outputting an integral output signal; the quantizer is configured to output a bitstream according to the integrated output signal.

A method for calibrating a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) gyroscopes by determining a plurality of variates including quadrature and inphase values from output data of a first subset of the MEMS gyroscopes, determining offset temperature coefficients of the first subset of the MEMS gyroscopes over temperature variation, computing a linear regression using the quadrature and inphase values and the offset temperature coefficients to determine linear regression variate coefficients for predicting the offset temperature coefficient based on the quadrature and inphase values. The method also including determining a plurality of variates including quadrature and inphase values from output data of a second subset of the MEMS gyroscopes, determining a predicted offset temperature coefficient based on the quadrature and inphase values and the linear regression variate coefficients, and programing the second subset of the MEMS gyroscopes to use the predicted offset temperature coefficient to adjust the output data during operation.

The invention provides a temperature sensor and a temperature detection method. The temperature sensor comprises a temperature sensing module, a current frequency conversion module and a counting module. The temperature sensing module comprises a first P-type MOSFET, a second P-type MOSFET and a bias unit, the source end of the first P-type MOSFET is connected to power supply voltage, and the gate end and the drain end of the first P-type MOSFET are in short circuit; the source end of the second P-type MOSFET is connected to the power supply voltage, and the gate end and the drain end of the second P-type MOSFET are in short circuit; the bias unit is used for providing bias current, so that the first P-type MOSFET and the second P-type MOSFET respectively generate first temperature sensing current and second temperature sensing current which are related to temperature and have different temperature coefficients under the action of the bias current; the current frequency conversion module is used for converting the first temperature-sensing current and the second temperature-sensing current into a first clock signal and a second clock signal after mirror image duplication is carried out on the first temperature-sensing current and the second temperature-sensing current respectively; the counting module is used for counting the first clock signal and the second clock signal and reading temperature data.

The invention discloses a telescope main reflection surface shape real-time evaluation and on-demand adjustment integration method. An adjustment reference attitude and a reference temperature field are used as error zero points, and the whole process is calculated based on relative quantity. A gravity deformation database, a three-dimensional Chebyshev (or Legendre) temperature basis function unit response deformation database and a temperature control actuator unit temperature change influence matrix database are established offline. Regular least square fitting is performed on temperature sensor data on line to obtain a temperature coefficient, linear combination is performed to obtain relative displacement caused by temperature, the relative displacement and relative displacement caused by gravity are superposed to form relative node coordinates, and a reference surface is fitted to output a surface shape relative RMS. And solving quadratic programming based on first-order linearization under temperature upper and lower limits and smoothness constraint to obtain an actuator temperature increment instruction, and issuing the actuator temperature increment instruction, thereby realizing closed-loop compensation without online thermal-structural coupling and absolute morphology measurement.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a temperature compensation circuit. Wherein the first PTAT current generating circuit comprises a first resistor which is configured to output a first linear temperature compensation current with a first temperature coefficient; the second PTAT current generating circuit includes a second resistor configured to output a second linear temperature compensation current having a second temperature coefficient. The first temperature coefficient is different from the second temperature coefficient; and the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor are controlled to be equal to the current values of the first linear temperature compensation current and the second linear temperature compensation current at the set temperature. The comparison module is connected with the first PTAT current generation circuit and the second PTAT current generation circuit and is configured to compare the first linear temperature compensation current and the second linear temperature compensation current and output a comparison result. And the switching module is connected with the comparison module and is configured to output nonlinear temperature compensation current after changing the weighting proportion of the first linear temperature compensation current and the second linear temperature compensation current based on the comparison result.

The present invention relates to a high-entropy rare earth chromate high-temperature negative temperature coefficient thermistor material, belonging to the field of semiconductor sensors, and aims to solve the existing perovskite structure high-temperature NTC material. Under high temperature environment, the Cr element in the system will volatilize in the form of gaseous CrO3, showing poor high-temperature aging stability. The high-temperature negative temperature coefficient thermistor material uses lanthanum trioxide, neodymium trioxide, samarium trioxide, europium trioxide, gadolinium trioxide and chromium trioxide as raw materials, and undergoes wet three-dimensional vibration ball milling, powder calcination, cold isostatic pressing, and high-temperature sintering to obtain a perovskite structure (La 0.2 Nd 0.2 Sm 0.2 Eu 0.2 G 0.2 )CrO3 thermosensitive material. The electrical performance parameters of this series of materials are: B 0℃ / 1300℃ =2044±1.42%K,ρ 1300℃ =1.45×10 3 ±1.73%Ω·cm. The high-entropy rare earth chromate high-temperature negative temperature coefficient thermistor (La 0.2 Nd 0.2 Sm 0.2 Eu 0.2 G 0.2 )CrO3 has excellent negative temperature coefficient characteristics in the temperature range of 0~1300℃, and shows good high temperature aging stability at high temperatures (the resistance drift rate is only 4.35% after aging for 500 hours at 1300℃).

A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater apparatus is provided. The PTC heater apparatus includes a PTC heater, a resistance temperature detector (RTD) sensor mounted to the PTC heater and a controller logic unit electrically connected to the RTD sensor to receive readings of the RTD sensor, which, when the PTC heater is powered on, indicate whether the PTC heater is faulty.

A system and method provide on-line, wafer-level, die-level, or package-level thermal calibration of an integrated measurement resistor with a single temperature insertion. The system includes a measurement resistor integrated on a substrate with an unknown temperature coefficient and a temperature reference sensor thermally coupled to the measurement resistor. A measurement circuit measures an indication of a resistance of the measurement resistor. An electrically-controllable integrated heat source is operated by a controller to change a temperature of the measurement resistor and the temperature reference sensor and stores values of the resistance indication and the sensed temperature corresponding to multiple temperatures of the temperature of the measurement resistor and the temperature reference sensor. The controller generates or approximates a mathematical relationship between the resistance of the measurement resistor and the temperature of the measurement resistor and the temperature reference sensor from the stored values.

The invention discloses a series of high-stability negative temperature coefficient heat-sensitive materials based on seven-principal-element high-entropy rare earth stannate and application, and aims to solve the problem that existing stannate heat-sensitive materials with pyrochlore structures cannot meet long-term application in high-temperature environments. The series of heat-sensitive materials are prepared by mixing lanthanum trioxide, neodymium oxide, samarium oxide, europium oxide, gadolinium oxide, dysprosium oxide and tin dioxide with erbium oxide or ytterbium oxide respectively, and the preparation process comprises the steps of wet three-dimensional vibration ball milling, powder calcination, cold isostatic pressing, high-temperature sintering and the like. And finally obtaining the negative temperature coefficient heat-sensitive material with the pyrochlore structure. The electrical property parameters of the series of materials are as follows: B is equal to 13914-14067 + / -1.89% K, and rho 1500 DEG C is equal to 180.26-204.09 + / -1.38% omega.cm. The negative temperature coefficient heat-sensitive material has the negative temperature coefficient characteristic in the wide temperature range of 400-1500 DEG C and shows excellent high-temperature aging stability under the high-temperature condition of 1500 DEG C, and the resistance drift rate of the negative temperature coefficient heat-sensitive material is only 0.7% after an aging test for 500 hours.

The invention relates to the technical field of bulk acoustic wave resonators, and particularly provides a bulk acoustic wave resonator and a preparation method thereof.The resonator comprises a first substrate, a coating type structure film layer, a bottom electrode, a piezoelectric layer and a top electrode which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, an acoustic reflector is arranged on the coating type structure film layer, a temperature compensation layer is arranged in the bottom electrode, and the piezoelectric layer is arranged on the top electrode; the temperature coefficients of the bottom electrode, the piezoelectric layer and the top electrode are all opposite to the temperature coefficient of the temperature compensation layer; the resonator can effectively restrain resonant frequency drift generated by the bottom electrode, the piezoelectric layer and the top electrode.

To provide a technique capable of appropriately identifying a percentage content of at least one kind of gas included in a mixture gas without being influenced by an aging deterioration of a temperature sensor.SOLUTION: A sensor module (1) includes: a heater (H1); a first temperature sensor (Th1) configured to measure a first temperature of a mixture gas at a heatable first location; a second temperature sensor (Th2) configured to measure a second temperature (T0) of the mixture gas at a second location not to be heated; and a control device (100). The control device (100) calculates the first temperature when the first temperature sensor (Th1) is heated, according to an electrical resistance of the first temperature sensor (Th1) when not heated and an electrical resistance of the first temperature sensor (Th1) when heated, a temperature resistance factor of the first temperature sensor (Th1) calculated according to the electrical resistance of the first temperature sensor (Th1) when not heated and the second temperature calculated according to an electrical resistance of the second temperature sensor (Th2).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

The application relates to the technical field of storage, in particular to a hard disk active heat dissipation intensity control method, device, equipment and storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: evaluating the current period business pressure of a hard disk to obtain a current period business pressure coefficient; predicting a first temperature change value based on the current period business pressure coefficient of the hard disk and a temperature coefficient of the hard disk; obtaining a plurality of actual temperature values measured by a plurality of temperature sensors of the hard disk, and calculating a composite temperature based on the plurality of actual temperature values and the temperature coefficient of each temperature sensor; calculating the difference between the composite temperature and a preset target temperature to obtain a second temperature change value; calculating a next period temperature change value based on the first temperature change value, the second temperature change value, the current period business pressure coefficient and a previous period business pressure coefficient; and adjusting the active heat dissipation intensity of the hard disk according to the next period temperature change value. The scheme can properly use the active heat dissipation, and ensures that the hard disk operates in an optimal state.

[Problem] To quickly and accurately estimate the constantly changing heating temperature of water or other contents contained in an electric kettle using the temperature of a heater without directly measuring the temperature of the contents. [Solution] A device for contactlessly receiving power from a power supply coil (13) of a power supply base (27) through a power receiving coil (14) of an electric kettle (28) and heating a content (36) through a built-in heater (18), the device comprising: a power supply circuit (19) for supplying power to the heater (18); a temperature sensor (22) that detects the temperature of the heater (18); a control unit (20) that controls the energization of the heater (18); a temperature storage unit (25) that stores the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (22) via the control unit (20); an estimated temperature coefficient storage unit (29) that stores a predetermined unique estimated temperature coefficient (Ce) of the electric kettle (28); and a temperature estimation unit (26) that estimates the temperature of the content (36) on the basis of the data stored in the temperature storage unit (25) and the temperature estimation coefficient (Ce).

This invention provides a method, apparatus, and system for multi-point temperature correction of an array induction logging tool. The method includes: acquiring measurement signals from the array induction logging tool during temperature changes, the measurement signals being detected by a preset number of temperature sensors; constructing a temperature coefficient matrix for each temperature sensor based on the measurement signal, resulting in a preset number of temperature coefficient matrices; calculating a temperature correction coefficient matrix based on each temperature coefficient matrix; acquiring actual measurement signals from the array induction logging tool downhole, and performing temperature correction on the measured signals based on the temperature correction coefficient matrix. The multi-point temperature correction method for an array induction logging tool provided by this invention can calculate the temperature correction coefficient matrix based on the actual measurement signals and correct the measured signals based on the temperature correction coefficient matrix, thus avoiding errors caused by formation temperature changes and improving the accuracy and reliability of the array induction logging tool.

This invention discloses a temperature measuring device and an aerosol generating apparatus, comprising a magnetic field generator, a heating component, and a PCB board. The magnetic field generator generates a changing magnetic field; the heating component is partially disposed within the magnetic field and in contact with the aerosol substrate; the PCB board is connected to both the magnetic field generator and the heating component. The heating component generates heat under the influence of the magnetic field to heat the aerosol substrate. The heating component has a positive or negative temperature coefficient of resistance, and the PCB board determines the temperature of the heating component based on its resistance value when heated. This invention employs a temperature measuring device with a positive or negative temperature coefficient of resistance, i.e., directly measuring the resistance of the heating component and determining its temperature based on its temperature coefficient of resistance. This method yields higher temperature accuracy, and the overall structure of the temperature measuring device is simpler and more integrated, thereby reducing product size and production costs.

The application discloses a cable life prediction method based on an improved electromagnetic-thermal field coupling model, and comprises the following steps: firstly, a temperature coefficient and a proportional coefficient are used to respectively establish an insulation material thermal conductivity coefficient and temperature relationship and a convection heat transfer coefficient and temperature relationship, and the two relationships are used together with a conductor resistivity and temperature relationship as an electromagnetic-thermal field coupling relationship, thereby forming an improved electromagnetic-thermal field coupling model; then, a chaotic grey wolf optimization algorithm is used to identify the optimal temperature coefficient and the proportional coefficient of the insulation material in the improved electromagnetic-thermal field coupling model, and on this basis, the conductor temperature is calculated; finally, a multivariate linear regression is used to establish a conductor temperature analytical model, and an Arrhenius model is used to establish a cable life analytical model. The application solves the problem of large error of a traditional electromagnetic-thermal field coupling calculation method under a high temperature operation condition of a cable, and realizes online prediction of the cable life.