373 results about "Positive temperature" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, in particular to a band-gap reference voltage source, which comprises a high-order compensation circuit, a low-order compensation circuit, a low-order compensation circuit, a low-order compensation circuit and a low-order reference circuit, the band-gap reference circuit is used for generating a positive temperature coefficient voltage and a negative temperature coefficient voltage, performing first-order temperature compensation on the negative temperature coefficient voltage by using the positive temperature coefficient voltage, performing high-order curvature compensation on the negative temperature coefficient voltage based on the target compensation current, determining the compensated voltage as a reference voltage and outputting the reference voltage; according to the band-gap reference voltage source, high-order compensation is introduced through the sub-threshold MOS tube, the negative temperature coefficient voltage can be well reduced, the reference voltage with the temperature coefficient approximate to zero is obtained, and practicability is high.

A bandgap reference circuit includes a first, a second and a third current source, a first and a second amplifier. The first, the second and the third current source each includes two cascode PMOS transistors for reducing the voltage stress applied to PMOS transistors when receives a high power supply voltage. The first amplifier controls the PMOS transistors in the first and the second current source to ensure that the PMOS transistors have enough headroom when receives a low power supply voltage. The second amplifier provides a gain-boosting loop to prevent the system mismatch of the PMOS transistors in the first, the second and the third current source. A temperature coefficient adjustment unit introduces positive temperature coefficients and negative temperature coefficients in the currents generated by the first and second current source, and a resistor generates the reference voltage according to a current duplicated by the third current source.

An accelerometer includes a housing, a proof mass assembly encased in the housing, and one or more heating elements configured to heat the proof mass assembly in response to an electrical current. The one or more heating elements include a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) material. The PTC material exhibits a relatively high increase in resistance above a threshold temperature. For example, a ratio of the resistance of the PTC material above the threshold temperature to the resistance of the PTC material at room temperature (PTC ratio) is greater than five.

The invention discloses a high-voltage fast recovery diode with a positive temperature characteristic and a manufacturing method of the high-voltage fast recovery diode. A central region of the device is a P-type doped active region which is used as an anode when the device works in the forward direction; p-type doped field limiting rings are arranged on the two sides of the active region and serve as voltage dividing rings of the device, and the field limiting rings and the active region are doped independently; an N-type doped cut-off ring is arranged on the outermost periphery of the device and provides an electric field cut-off effect; a metal field plate is arranged above each field limiting ring to improve the distribution of a peripheral electric field and improve the stability of the device; except for the position of the contact hole, CVD, silicon nitride and polyimide in the vertical direction of the device are used as passivation layers of the device to isolate the influence of external moisture, charges and the like, so that the reliability of the device is improved; metal is directly deposited above the active region to serve as an anode of the device; and a layer of metal is evaporated on the back of the device after being thinned to serve as a device cathode. A platinum diffusion and electron irradiation process is used as a minority carrier lifetime control technology to adjust the temperature characteristic of the device.

The utility model discloses a PTC heating device, an air supply device and air treatment equipment, and belongs to the technical field of electric appliances, in the PTC heating device, a plurality of heating units are arranged in a zigzag mode along a fold line track, so that the PTC heating device can be matched with an arc-shaped or curve-shaped air outlet duct, and the PTC heating device can be applied to the air supply device with the curve-shaped air outlet duct. Because each heating unit is arranged on one line segment of the fold line, the heating piece and the heat dissipation piece of each heating unit can roughly extend in the same direction, the curvature difference between the heating piece and the heat dissipation piece is reduced, the problem that a gap is generated between the heating piece and the heat dissipation piece is solved, the attaching degree of the heating piece and the heat dissipation piece is improved, and the service life of the heating piece and the heat dissipation piece is prolonged. The contact area of the heating piece and the heat dissipation piece is increased, and the heating uniformity is improved. Moreover, the plurality of heating units are mutually connected through the connecting assemblies, on one hand, the structural integrity of the heating device is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the overall heating uniformity of the heating device can be improved.

A mouthpiece for a vaporizer device includes a vapor inlet and an aerosol outlet. A first plurality of air inlets and a second plurality of air inlets are disposed between the vapor inlet and the aerosol outlet and configured to provide air streams. The air streams form a first vortex and a second vortex. The air streams mix with a vapor entering from the vapor inlet and form an aerosol exiting through the aerosol outlet. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

The invention discloses a temperature sensor, a temperature acquisition device and electronic equipment, in the temperature sensor, a temperature sensing current generation module responds to target temperature change, and provides a first current signal with a positive temperature coefficient for a current conversion module; the current conversion module converts the first current signal into a first voltage signal with a negative temperature coefficient and generates and outputs a second voltage signal to the voltage regulation module according to the first voltage signal, and the voltage value of the second voltage signal is an integral multiple of the voltage value of the first voltage signal; the voltage regulation module receives the second voltage signal and outputs a third voltage signal to the analog-to-digital converter, and the voltage value of the third voltage signal is smaller than that of the second voltage signal; the analog-to-digital converter receives the third voltage signal and outputs a target digital signal, and the target digital signal is used for representing the temperature measured by the temperature sensing front-end circuit. According to the arrangement, the accuracy of temperature detection can be improved, and the temperature sensor is high in accuracy, small in size and low in power consumption.

The utility model discloses a water and electricity separated PTC heater, which comprises a PTC heating core body, a liquid box and a heating base, a cavity is arranged in the liquid box, one end of the liquid box is provided with an opening communicated with the cavity, at least one first partition plate is arranged in the cavity so as to divide the cavity into at least two mutually independent liquid cavities, and the heating base is arranged in the cavity. PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) shells with the same number as the liquid cavities are arranged on the heating base, the PTC heating core bodies are respectively arranged in the PTC shells, the PTC shells are respectively arranged in the liquid cavities, a first sealing ring is arranged on the heating base, the heating base is arranged in the opening and is sealed through the first sealing ring, a liquid inlet is formed in the bottom of one liquid cavity, and a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the other liquid cavity. A liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the other liquid cavity, and a notch allowing liquid to flow through is formed in the first partition plate. Compared with the prior art, water and electricity separation is achieved.

The invention provides a band-gap reference circuit and a chip, and the circuit comprises a voltage generation module which is used for generating a first voltage with a positive temperature coefficient and a second voltage with a negative temperature coefficient, and generating a reference voltage with a zero temperature coefficient according to the first voltage and the second voltage; and the load driving module is used for providing load driving capability for the voltage generation module so as to carry out driving buffering on a post-stage circuit. The whole circuit does not contain an operational amplifier clamp and can provide reference voltage with a zero temperature coefficient, so that the power consumption of the band-gap reference circuit is effectively reduced; meanwhile, the load driving module provides load driving capacity for the voltage generation module, so that the output reference voltage has the load driving capacity, and the problems that an existing band-gap reference circuit is high in power consumption and does not have the load driving capacity are solved.

This invention provides an optical glass, its preparation method, and an optical element. The optical glass contains the following components in molar percentage: B₂O₃: 5.0%–19.9%; SiO₂: 5.0%–28.0%; La₂O₃: 0.05%–11.5%; Gd₂O₃: 0%–10.0%; Y₂O₃: 3.6%–15.0%; ZnO: 22.5%–60.0%; the refractive index n of the optical glass is... d An Abbe number of υ is above 1.78. d The temperature coefficient of refractive index is 35-45. The optical glass of this invention has a large positive temperature coefficient of refractive index. When used in combination with optical glass having a negative temperature coefficient of refractive index, it can effectively correct temperature drift caused by rapid temperature changes or high-temperature environments, fix the focus, and maintain clear imaging. It is suitable for vehicle-mounted cameras or projectors, copiers, laser printers, and playback devices that generate a lot of heat during use.

An over-current protection device includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a heat-sensitive layer laminated therebetween. The heat-sensitive layer exhibits a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) characteristic and includes a first polymer and a conductive filler. The first polymer consists of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), and PVDF exists in different phases such as α-PVDF, β-PVDF and γ-PVDF. The total amount of α-PVDF, β-PVDF and γ-PVDF is calculated as 100%, and the amount of α-PVDF accounts for 48% to 55%. The conductive filler has a metal-ceramic compound.

The invention discloses a new energy automobile battery multi-dimensional fault diagnosis early warning system, and relates to the technical field of battery management, and the system comprises the steps: carrying out the temperature detection, current detection and voltage detection of a plurality of batteries in a battery pack, and obtaining a temperature array, a current array and a voltage array; operating temperature is generated, a theoretical temperature array is obtained, the difference value between the theoretical temperature array and the temperature array is calculated, and a temperature difference array is obtained; screening the temperature difference arrays to obtain a negative temperature difference array and a positive temperature difference array, and calculating and analyzing battery hidden trouble fault factors to obtain open circuit and short circuit hidden trouble fault factors; and calculating and analyzing battery hidden trouble fault factors of the battery pack to obtain current hidden trouble fault factors and voltage hidden trouble fault factors, determining hidden trouble fault factors in combination with circuit break and short circuit hidden trouble fault factors, carrying out fault diagnosis, and carrying out judgment and early warning. The technical problem that in the prior art, the early warning capacity is insufficient when a new energy automobile battery is charged is solved, and the technical effect of improving the charging safety is achieved.

A heater element 1 includes: a honeycomb structure 10 having an outer peripheral wall 100 and partition walls 110, the partition walls 110 defining a plurality of cells 101a, each of the cells 101a extending from a first end face 10a to a second end face 10b of the honeycomb structure 10 to form a flow path, at least the partition walls 101 being made of a material having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) property; a first electrode 11 and a second electrode 12 provided on the first end face 10a and the second end face 10b, respectively; and a first metal terminal 13 and a second metal terminal 14 provided on the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, respectively, wherein at least one of the first metal terminal 13 and the second metal terminal 14 has a plurality of partial electrodes 15.

The utility model is suitable for the technical field of PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) electric heaters, and provides a temperature control device of a ceramic PTC electric heater, which comprises a base, the wire holder is arranged above the base, and the thermal insulation layer is arranged on the inner surface of the wire holder; the heat conduction pipe is arranged in the middle of the wire holder, a heat conduction cavity is formed in the heat conduction pipe, and a PTC heating core is arranged in the heat conduction cavity; the positioning plates are arranged on the two sides of the heat conduction pipe; according to the device, the wire holder and parts inside the wire holder are effectively protected, the damping and springback capability of the device is enhanced, and the protection performance and the stable working capability of the device in a vibration environment are remarkably improved; meanwhile, the environment temperature is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor, and the heater is controlled through the controller, so that the purpose of automatically controlling the temperature is achieved, and the long service life of the equipment is ensured; by means of the design, the stable working state of the device is kept, and the protection performance and the stable working capacity of the device in the high-temperature environment are improved.

The application discloses a DC-DC converter circuit based on over-temperature protection threshold adjustment, and an over-temperature detection module comprises: a first transistor circuit, the base of the transistor is connected with the reference voltage VBG output end of a band gap reference module, a positive temperature coefficient voltage proportional to absolute temperature is generated; a voltage dividing circuit input end is connected with the positive temperature coefficient voltage output end, the positive temperature coefficient voltage is divided to generate a detection voltage; a second transistor circuit, the base of the transistor is connected with the detection voltage output end, an over-temperature protection signal OTP is output to shut down the main circuit of the converter; an adjustment resistance circuit receives a digital adjustment signal; the digital adjustment signal changes the voltage dividing ratio of the positive temperature coefficient voltage divided to the detection voltage by controlling the equivalent resistance value of the adjustment resistance circuit; the change direction of the voltage dividing ratio is opposite to the change direction of the reference voltage VBG caused by adjustment. The application significantly improves the accuracy, consistency and overall reliability of the over-temperature protection threshold.

A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater apparatus is provided. The PTC heater apparatus includes a PTC heater, a resistance temperature detector (RTD) sensor mounted to the PTC heater and a controller logic unit electrically connected to the RTD sensor to receive readings of the RTD sensor, which, when the PTC heater is powered on, indicate whether the PTC heater is faulty.

The present disclose provides a sol-gel paste composition of matter that is provided for application to a substrate to form an electrically conductive coating which can be used, for example, as a resistor in a thick-film resistive heater, which a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) as a consequence of the electronic properties of the electrically conductive semiconductors used in the resistor layer and which exhibits self-limiting behavior at elevated temperatures. The composition includes a sol gel solution in which up to 90% by weight (wt. %) of the solution is comprised of conductive and insulative powders in a uniform stable solution.

The utility model discloses a heating device of a hot melt glue gun, which comprises a heating head, a heat collecting component is arranged on the surface of the heating head, one end of the heating head is fixedly connected with a glue outlet head, a through glue outlet cavity is arranged in the glue outlet head, a through heating cavity is arranged in the heating head, and the heating cavity is communicated with the glue outlet cavity. When a user starts the hot melt glue gun, the power source can supply power to the PTC ceramic heating ring, the PTC ceramic heating ring is rapidly heated under the action of current due to the positive temperature coefficient characteristic of the PTC ceramic heating ring, heat generated by the PTC ceramic heating ring is directly transmitted to the heating head through the fixing lantern ring, and the heating head is heated through the PTC ceramic heating ring. Due to the fact that the heating head is integrally formed, the heat conduction efficiency is improved, the heating head is more convenient and faster to replace or maintain when needing to be replaced or maintained, the heat gathering assembly on the surface of the heating head starts to play a role, the rubber heat insulation layer effectively prevents heat from diffusing outwards, and it is ensured that most of heat is concentrated in the heating cavity.

The heating member includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a heating layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater element disposed in the heating layer, and a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) heater element disposed in the heating layer, wherein the PTC element and the NTC element are connected in series.

An electric heater, such as a flat plate electric heater, comprising a semiconductive layer comprising a first electric semiconductive composition having a positive temperature coefficient, the first semiconductive composition comprising polyethylene, polypropylene or a mixture thereof and an electrically conductive filler; a plurality of semiconductive portions located on and protruding from the electric semiconductive layer, wherein the semiconductive portions comprise a second electric semiconductive composition having a positive temperature coefficient, the second semiconductive composition comprising polyethylene, polypropylene or a mixture thereof and an electrically conductive filler; wherein the semiconductive portions are arranged in a regular pattern on the semiconductive layer; and the semiconductive portions are at least twice as thick as the semiconductive layer.

The present invention provides a curvature-corrected bandgap reference circuit, which includes a bandgap reference module, a low-temperature curvature correction module, and a high-temperature curvature correction module. The bandgap reference module generates a bandgap reference voltage by superimposing a positive temperature coefficient voltage and a negative temperature coefficient voltage. The low-temperature curvature correction module compensates and adjusts the positive temperature coefficient voltage to correct the low-temperature curvature of the bandgap reference voltage. The high-temperature curvature correction module compensates and adjusts the positive temperature coefficient voltage to correct the high-temperature curvature of the bandgap reference voltage, further reducing the temperature drift coefficient of the bandgap reference voltage and improving the temperature stability of the bandgap reference voltage. An adjusting resistor is introduced to balance the curvature correction compensation degree at low and high temperatures, further improving performance. At the same time, the curvature-corrected bandgap reference circuit proposed by the present invention can be used in a relatively low power supply voltage environment and is suitable for advanced CMOS processes of 28nm and below.

The invention discloses a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating device, the heating device comprises a heating core, a heat-conducting aluminum tube and a radiator, a PTC heating sheet and an electrode strip of the heating core, the heat-conducting aluminum tube and the radiator are bonded and solidified by adopting synthetic silica gel, and one side of the heat-conducting aluminum tube of the heating device is provided with an arc cylinder reinforcing rib. Comprising a heating device and a mounting bracket. A power supply leading-out end and a power supply connecting part of the heating device as well as a temperature controller and a temperature fuse which are connected to the power wire harness are all positioned in corresponding cavities of the mounting bracket seat body; and the cavities are parallel to the length direction of a heat conduction or heat dissipation surface of the heating device or have an angle of not more than 180 degrees with the length direction of the heat conduction or heat dissipation surface of the heating device. According to the invention, the strength of the heating device is improved, the potential safety hazard of interference between the fuse lead and the body is eliminated, and a series of structure, process and reliability effects of compact structure, reliable work, safe use and the like are satisfied.

The invention relates to a new energy automobile-based immersed heating element containing PTC in the technical field of new energy heating, a PTC electric heating element is additionally arranged between a resistance layer and a conductor layer, the PTC electric heating element is L-shaped, the PTC electric heating element is of a semi-closed structure, the heating element is of a thick film structure, and the heating element is of an immersed structure with two sides in contact with cooling liquid. A built-in temperature measuring device is arranged; according to the structure, the problem that a temperature probe or a temperature measurement tool structure needs to be close to or attached to the surface of a heating element during traditional temperature measurement is solved, so that a temperature measurement numerical value is obtained, the current temperature is accurately calculated through resistance change, errors or delay possibly existing in an external temperature sensor is avoided, meanwhile, installation of the external temperature sensor can be avoided, and the temperature measurement efficiency is improved. By increasing the space usage, the temperature in the heating element can be accurately monitored in real time, the control precision of the system is improved, the system structure and the wiring complexity are simplified, and the cost and the use difficulty are reduced.

The invention discloses a band-gap reference voltage source based on high-order curvature compensation. The band-gap reference voltage source comprises a positive temperature coefficient current generating circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a high-order curvature compensation circuit, wherein the positive temperature coefficient current generating circuit is used for generating positive temperature coefficient current by utilizing a clamping operational amplifier and combining temperature characteristics of a bipolar transistor; the negative temperature coefficient current generating circuit is used for generating negative temperature coefficient current by utilizing the clamping operational amplifier and combining the temperature characteristics of the bipolar transistor; the high-order curvature compensation circuit is used for taking a base-emitter voltage of a bipolar transistor as an initial standard reference voltage, utilizing positive and negative temperature coefficient currents and combining temperature characteristics of the base-emitter voltage of the bipolar transistor. Constructing a linear monomial term and a quadratic curvature term in the temperature coefficient of the base-emitter voltage of the bipolar transistor so as to perform monomial term and quadratic curvature term compensation on the temperature coefficient of the initial benchmark reference voltage; the starting circuit is used for providing starting voltage for the whole band-gap reference voltage source. According to the invention, the standard reference voltage with a lower temperature coefficient can be output.

A high-power, high-temperature-stability M-type strontium ferrite belongs to the field of ferrite material preparation technology. The ferrite comprises a main formulation of SrCO3, La2O3, CaCO3, MnO, SnO2, Fe2O3, and Co2O3, and additives composed of CaCO3, SiO2, H3BO3, and La2O3. This invention introduces Sn-Mn ions for co-substitution, thereby constructing a Sn... 4+ -Mn 2+ The charge balance mechanism effectively suppressed the Fe ionization induced by the introduction of high-valence ions. 3+ To Fe 2+ Price change behavior, effective compensation after replacement due to the introduction of non-magnetic Sn 4+ This results in a loss of lattice magnetic moment. Simultaneously, through a stepped pre-sintering and sintering process, a CoFe2O4 hard magnetic spinel phase is induced to precipitate in the M-type strontium ferrite main phase. The negative coercivity temperature coefficient of the CoFe2O4 phase complements the inherent positive temperature coefficient of the matrix.

The invention relates to an iron-nickel-based medium-temperature electrothermal alloy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation. The electrothermal alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.01%-0.03% of C, 0.70%-1.50% of Al, less than or equal to 0.80% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.003% of S, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, 51%-53% of Ni, 0.04%-0.20% of rare earth, 0.80%-1.50% of Ti and a matrix element Fe, wherein the rare earth comprises at least one of Y, La and Ce. Alloy elements such as Al, rare earth and Ti are introduced, so that the oxidation resistance of the alloy is improved, and the service life of the alloy in a medium-temperature environment is greatly prolonged. And meanwhile, on the basis of ensuring excellent mechanical properties, the resistivity of the alloy material is effectively improved, and the resistance temperature coefficient of the alloy material is optimized, so that the alloy material can better meet the performance requirement of the positive temperature coefficient effect, and finally, the applicability, design flexibility and integration degree of the electrothermal alloy in a limited design space are enhanced.

A temperature regulation device for controlling the temperature of pipework. The device 1 comprises a plurality of electrically connected positive temperature coefficient heating elements 2 arranged i

An apparatus includes a housing including a power source; a reservoir including an inlet, an outlet, and configured to contain vaporizable material and couple to the housing; and a PTCR heating element configured to electrically couple to the power source and heat the vaporizable material to form an aerosol. The PTCR heating element includes an electrical resistivity that varies based on temperature. The electrical resistivity includes an electrical resistivity transition zone including an increase in electrical resistivity over a temperature range such that, when the PTCR heating element is heated to a first temperature within the transition zone, current flow from the power source is reduced to a level that limits further temperature increases of the PTCR heating element. Related apparatus, systems, techniques, and articles are also described.

The present invention discloses an active phase shifter with temperature compensation, comprising an input transformer balun, a polyphase filter, a vector modulation module based on a Gilbert cell, an output transformer balun, and a positive temperature coefficient current source. The input transformer balun is used to convert a single-ended input signal into a differential signal; the polyphase filter is used to convert the differential signal into a quadrature signal; the vector modulation module based on the Gilbert cell is used to select polarity and perform vector synthesis on the quadrature signal; the output transformer balun is used to convert the differential signal at the output into a single-ended signal; and the positive temperature coefficient current source is used to control the gain of the Gilbert cell. By designing a temperature-dependent positive temperature coefficient current source, the present invention mitigates the temperature-dependent gain change of the vector modulation module, thereby improving the stability of the key performance of the active phase shifter within a temperature range of 55 to 85°C.

This invention discloses a method for fabricating a near-zero temperature coefficient thin-film pressure sensor with a wide temperature range. The purpose of this invention is to address the common problem of insufficient environmental adaptability in existing flexible thin-film sensors, particularly the significant performance degradation under extreme temperature conditions. This invention proposes a wide-temperature-range intrinsically self-compensating flexible pressure sensor based on a PVDF / CFT / Cu composite sensing material thin film. This sensor achieves a near-zero temperature coefficient of resistance for the composite material by synergistically introducing carbon fiber tubes with negative temperature coefficients and copper nanoparticles with positive temperature coefficients into the flexible PVDF matrix and dynamically controlling their ratio, thereby constructing a temperature self-compensation mechanism at the material level. This invention provides an effective material solution for developing next-generation high-reliability, wide-temperature-range adaptive flexible sensing systems.