456 results about "Adder" patented technology

A fused dot-product multiply-accumulate (MAC) circuit may support variable precision of floating-point data elements to perform computations in deep learning operations (e.g., MAC operations). The operating mode of the circuit may be selected based on the accuracy of the input element. The mode of operation may be an FP16 mode or an FP8 mode. In the FP8 mode, a product index may be calculated based on an index of a floating point input element. A maximum index may be selected from the one or more product indexes. A global maximum index may be selected from a plurality of maximum indexes. A product mantissa may be calculated based on a difference between the global maximum exponent and a corresponding maximum exponent and aligned with another product mantissa. The adder tree may accumulate the aligned product mantissas and compute the partial and mantissas. The portions and mantissas may be normalized using a global maximum index.

The invention provides an arithmetic logic unit of a processor and a floating-point number calculation method, and belongs to the technical field of floating-point numbers. The arithmetic logic unit comprises a format conversion module and a mixed precision multiplier-adder, the format conversion module performs format conversion on a high-precision floating-point number to obtain a low-precision floating-point number, and retains an index lost in the conversion process as index auxiliary information, and when the mixed precision multiplier-adder performs multiply-add operation on the low-precision floating-point number, the mixed precision multiplier-adder performs multiply-add operation on the low-precision floating-point number. And the index auxiliary information is used for compensating the lost index, so that the precision loss of the floating-point number can be reduced when the mixed precision multiplier-adder is used.

The invention discloses an ALU, a processor, a chip, equipment and a texel index calculation method, and belongs to the technical field of chips. The ALU comprises a first comparator, a first divider, a first summator and a texel adjusting unit. A first comparator to determine a first value, the first value being determined based on a smaller value of the integer portion of the input texture coordinate and the maximum offset; the first divider is used for calculating a ratio between the input offset and the first divisor to obtain a first ratio; the first summator is used for calculating the quotient of the first ratio and the sum of the first numerical value and the second numerical value to obtain a first calculation result; and the texel adjusting unit is used for determining a target texel index corresponding to the input texture coordinate according to at least one of the first calculation result and the addressing mode. According to the method, the first calculation result can be determined based on the smaller value in the two, and the value of the integer part of the input texture coordinate can be reduced within a certain limit, so that the bit width of the calculation unit is reduced.

Certain aspects provide an apparatus for performing machine learning tasks, and in particular, to computation-in-memory architectures. One aspect provides a circuit for in-memory computation. The circuit generally includes: a plurality of memory cells on each of multiple columns of a memory, the plurality of memory cells being configured to store multiple bits representing weights of a neural network, wherein the plurality of memory cells on each of the multiple columns are on different word-lines of the memory; multiple addition circuits, each coupled to a respective one of the multiple columns; a first adder circuit coupled to outputs of at least two of the multiple addition circuits; and an accumulator coupled to an output of the first adder circuit.

In described examples, an integrated circuit (IC) includes a comparator, a shift calculator, an aligner, a compressor, and an adder. The comparator determines a largest one of multiple exponents. The shift calculator subtract the exponents from the determined largest exponent to provide a set of shift values. The aligner shifts a subset of a set of data values in a least significant bit direction responsive to respective ones of the shift values to generate a first number of aligned data values. The compressor generates a second number of compressed data values responsive to the first number of aligned data values. The second number is less than the first number. An adder sums the compressed data values.

Systems and methods related to efficient compression instruction handling in a processing pipeline are disclosed herein. A processing pipeline may accept a mask vector from a first register, the mask vector including a set of set bits, and may accept a payload from a second register. The processing pipeline may determine a set of prefix sums for a set of portions of the mask vector by applying the portions to a set of adders in parallel to add the set bits independently for each of the portions. The processing pipeline may determine a set of indexes for the set bits, with respect to the mask vector, in parallel, using the set of prefix sums and the set of portions of the mask vector. The processing pipeline may store a set of identified values from the payload, as identified by the set of indexes, in at least one destination register.

The invention relates to a quantum computer which comprises NV centres in diamond as quantum bits and which comprises nuclear spins strongly bound to NV centres of atomic nuclei strongly coupled to these NV centres as nuclear quantum bits, hereinafter referred to as strong nuclear quantum bits, and which comprises nuclear spins weakly bound to NV centres of atomic nuclei weakly coupled to these NV centres as nuclear quantum bits, hereinafter referred to as weak nuclear quantum bits. The resonance energy for the coupling of these weakly coupled nuclear spins of these atomic nuclei that are weakly coupled to the corresponding NV centre depends only weakly on the particular spin state of the electron configuration of the respective NV centre that is weakly coupled to this nuclear spin. The quantum computer controls nuclear spins that are weakly bound to an NV centre differently than nuclear spins that are strongly bound to the NV centre. For this purpose, it preferably has a database of nuclear quantum bits, which provides information as to whether it is a strongly or weakly coupled nuclear quantum bit.

The circuit includes (2m−1)-th and 2m-th lookup tables of a layer x to restore (2m−1)-th and 2m-th reception address bit strings of the layer x and (2m−1)-th and 2m-th reception information bit strings of the layer x; an m-th address conversion lookup table of the layer x to convert the (2m−1)-th reception address bit string of the layer x into that of post-conversion; an m-th adder of the layer x to add the (2m−1)-th post-conversion reception address bit string of the layer x and the 2m-th reception address bit string of the layer x and output an addition result as an m-th reception shaping bit string of a layer x+1; and an m-th lookup table of the layer x+1 to restore an m-th reception address bit string of the layer x+1 and an m-th reception information bit string of the layer x.

Aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a field programmable gate array (FPGA) configured to implement an exponential function data path including: an input scaling stage including constant shifters and integer adders to scale a mantissa portion of an input floating-point value by approximately log2 e to compute a scaled mantissa value, where e is Euler's number; and an exponential stage including barrel shifters and an exponential lookup table to: extract an integer portion and a fractional portion from the scaled mantissa value based on the exponent portion of the input floating-point value; apply a bias shift to the integer portion to compute a result exponent portion of a result floating-point value; lookup a result mantissa portion of the result floating-point value in the exponential lookup table based on the fractional portion; and combine the result exponent portion and the result mantissa portion to generate the result floating-point value.

The invention discloses a circuit and a method for demodulating current received by an instrument bus host, and relates to the technical field of instruments. The current demodulation circuit comprises an adder, the first input end of the adder is connected with an instrument bus MBUS to receive MBUS signals, the second input end of the adder receives reference voltage signals, and the output end of the adder outputs summing voltage signals; the resistor and capacitor charging and discharging device is connected with the output end of the summator so as to process the summing voltage signal; and the reverse input end of the comparator receives the MBUS signal, and the positive input end of the comparator receives the summing voltage signal processed by the resistor-capacitor charging and discharging device so as to determine the logic level corresponding to the MBUS signal based on the signal level of the output end of the comparator. According to the invention, the problem that the MBUS host receiving circuit cannot be compatible with all MBUS meters is solved.

The invention discloses a floating-point number operation circuit based on an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) and an in-memory operation chip. The operation circuit is used for S1, calculating the exponent sum and mantissa product of the multi-bit floating-point number input value and the multi-bit floating-point number weight value according to bits; s2, determining a maximum index in all the index sums, and calculating a difference value between the maximum index and the index sums of each row; s3, firstly generating a self-subtraction value with an adjustable initial value, then comparing the self-subtraction value with each difference value, generating an addition control signal, and finally judging whether each row of mantissa products are input into the adder tree for addition or not; s4, after comparison with the index sum of all rows is completed, performing self-subtraction operation on the self-subtraction value, and executing the step S3; when the self-subtraction value returns to zero, the mantissa accumulation result is used as the sum of digits; and S5, generating a multiply-accumulate operation result according to the maximum index and the sum of digits. According to the invention, through a mechanism of ''global difference value decreasing traversal + multi-round row data screening'', a complex shift circuit is avoided, and the calculation efficiency is improved.

Integrated cells may perform matrix multiplication (MatMul) operations. An integrated cell may include a random-access memory (RAM) cell, dot product unit(s), multiplexer(s), adder, route-in unit, control unit, and vector machine. The RAM cell may store weights and activations. The dot product unit(s) may compute dot products from the weights and activations. The adder may accumulate the dot products. The route-in unit may facilitate data transfer from the RAM cell to the dot product unit(s) or data transfer from another integrated cell to the integrated cell. The control unit may manage memory operations and detect and repair errors in memory operations. The vector machine may provide instructions to the dot product unit(s) and multiplexers to direct the flow of multiply-accumulate operations. Counters may be used to control weight fetching from RAM cells. A MatMul operation may be decomposed, and the integrated cells may perform the MatMul operation through multiple clock cycles.

The invention discloses a hierarchical attention enhancement remote sensing image super-resolution system based on a state space model, and relates to the field of computer vision and remote sensing image processing. According to the system, a low-resolution remote sensing image, a primary feature extraction module, a multistage state space model feature extraction module, a first adder module, an image reconstruction module and a high-resolution remote sensing image interact in sequence; the primary feature extraction module and the first adder module interact front and back; and the multi-level state space model feature extraction module, the hierarchical feature attention enhancement module and the first adder module interact in sequence. According to the method, the problem that shallow-layer high-frequency information is forgotten during multi-layer feature extraction in a traditional super-resolution method can be relieved, and then hierarchical features are enhanced; and the limited global-local consistency feature learning capability of the state space model is compensated, and competitive calculation complexity is achieved while the super-resolution performance of the remote sensing image is improved.

A method of processing an add operation in a processing apparatus includes acquiring sub-operands from input operands each having an n-bit precision, acquiring intermediate addition results by performing add operations of sub-operands in parallel by using adders, bit-shifting each of the intermediate addition results such that the intermediate addition results correspond to original bit positions in the input operands, and outputting a final addition result of the add operations of the input operands based on the bit-shifted intermediate addition results.

The invention discloses a decision feedback equalizer and a receiver. The decision feedback equalizer comprises four data paths with the same structure, and each data path comprises an adder, a comparator module, a data selector, a latch, a primary clock control latch and a secondary clock control latch which are electrically connected in sequence. In the application, after receiving the input data, the adders in the four data paths are summed with the tap coefficients of the last four taps to obtain the summed data, then the comparator sums the summed data and the first tap coefficient, and sampling is carried out to obtain the sampling data; the data selector selects a correct summation result according to the output data and the sampling data of the previous path; the data output by the data selector is converted into non-return-to-zero code data through the latches, and the non-return-to-zero code data passes through the first-stage clock control latch and the second-stage clock control latch to obtain delayed data, so that rapid and accurate data equalization is realized, and the equalization capability of the decision feedback equalizer is improved.

The application discloses a signal equalization device, system and method, and belongs to the electronic information technical field. The signal equalization device comprises an adder and a controller. The first input end of the adder is connected with a signal source. The output end of the adder is connected with the input end of the controller. The output end of the controller is connected with the second input end of the adder. The adder receives a target signal generated by the signal source and a control signal output by the controller. The target current is determined according to the control signal. The target signal is equalized according to the target current, and an equalized signal is obtained. The control signal is determined by the controller according to characteristic information. The characteristic information indicates the signal rate of a first signal output by the adder to the controller. The first signal is obtained by equalizing a previous signal of the target signal by the adder according to an initial current. The application determines the current according to the signal rate, so that the adder can generate stable gain to the signal in the equalization process according to the current.

A circuit and corresponding method perform timestamp filtering. The circuit includes recursive filter logic that implements a recursive least-squares (RLS) filter. The circuit (i) generates a filtered timestamp from a received timestamp by filtering the received timestamp via the recursive filter logic. The recursive filter logic applies the RLS filter to a portion of the received timestamp. A number of bits of the portion is less relative to a total number of bits of the received timestamp. The circuit outputs the filtered timestamp generated. Applying the RLS filter to the portion enables the circuit to be more efficient (e.g., smaller adders, fewer flipflops, etc.), thereby reducing area and power consumption of the circuit.

Asynchronous full-adder circuit is described. The full-adder includes majority and / or minority gates some of which receive two first inputs (A.t, A.f), two second inputs (B.t, B.f), two carry inputs (Cin.t, Cin.f), third acknowledgement input (Cout.e), and fourth acknowledgement input (Sum.e), and generate controls to control gates of transistors, wherein the transistors are coupled to generate two carry outputs (Cout.t, Cout.e), two sum outputs (Sum.t, Sum.e), first acknowledgement output (A.e), second acknowledgement output (B.e), and third acknowledgement output (Cin.e). The majority and / or minority gates comprise CMOS gates or multi-input capacitive circuitries. The multi-input capacitive circuitries include capacitive structures that may comprise linear dielectric, paraelectric dielectric, or ferroelectric dielectric. The capacitors can be planar or non-planar. The capacitors may be stacked vertically to reduce footprint of the asynchronous full-adder circuit. Asynchronous full-adders coupled in series is used to implement a carry-ripple adder.

The invention belongs to the technical field of in-memory computing, and discloses an in-memory computing architecture supporting native transpose, comprising: a plurality of in-memory computing sub-arrays; the hierarchical shared addition tree comprises a plurality of adders of different hierarchies and is used for performing hierarchical accumulation on calculation results of the sub-arrays; the reconfigurable routing module is arranged at the input end of each level of summator and is used for selecting a data transmission path according to the working mode; the working mode comprises transverse accumulation and longitudinal accumulation. According to the technical scheme, the huge area cost caused by configuration of double adder trees for achieving transposition is avoided, particularly, the situation that the number of a large number of low-order adders is doubled is avoided, only the MUX module with the small area overhead is added to the input end of the adder, the chip layout area is remarkably saved, and the chip cost is reduced. And meanwhile, the efficient native transpose calculation capability is provided.

The application discloses a frequency divider and a frequency division system, and relates to the field of signal processing.The frequency divider comprises an input port, an all-pass filter, a first adder and a second adder.The input port is connected with the input end of the all-pass filter, the input end of the first adder and the input end of the second adder.The output end of the all-pass filter is connected with the input end of the first adder and the input end of the second adder.The all-pass filter filters an original signal input by the input port based on preset filter coefficients to obtain a filtered first signal.The output end of the first adder is connected with a high-pass output port of the frequency divider, and the output end of the second adder is connected with a low-pass output port of the frequency divider.The first adder is used for adding a negative value of the first signal to the original signal to obtain a high-pass signal of the frequency divider.The second adder is used for adding the first signal to the original signal to obtain a low-pass signal of the frequency divider.The application provides a frequency divider based on an all-pass filter, which effectively reduces the occupied computing resources of the frequency divider.

The application discloses a ternary computing method and system based on a double-chain difference coupling principle. A difference value (XnYn) is directly generated by a forward component Xn and a reverse component Yn in a difference coupling area, forming a three-value logic {‑1, 0, +1}, and a threshold comparison circuit is omitted, and operation follows BH=Σ(XnYn)×3^n. A hierarchical logic system composed of basic operators, minimum complete operators and global operators is constructed, and arbitrary three-value logic operation is realized; a circular waveguide structure is adopted to configure an optical path difference, so that coherent light directly forms three interference states at an output end, and optical three-value logic gates and optical full adders are realized; a double-chain six-bit structure is adopted for symbol coding, a two-dimensional geometric framework is driven to generate a symbol form, and logical and geometric expression unification is realized.

A displacement decoding unit (205) of a mesh decoding device (200) according to the present invention includes: a bypass arithmetic decoding unit (205A) configured to generate a coefficient level value by performing bypass arithmetic decoding on a displacement bit stream; an inverse quantization unit (205B) configured to generate a first transformed coefficient by performing inverse quantization on the coefficient level value; an adder (205D) configured to generate a second transformed coefficient by adding a prediction transformed coefficient and a prediction residual; an inter prediction unit (205F) configured to generate the prediction transformed coefficient by performing inter prediction by using the second transformed coefficient of a reference frame read from the frame buffer; and a second inverse transform unit (205G) configured to generate a decoded displacement by performing second inverse transform on the second transformed coefficient.

A system and method of operating the system are disclosed. In one aspect, a system includes a memory circuit storing data for a compute-in-memory (CIM) operation. The system includes an adder circuit receiving a plurality of inputs from a plurality of input devices and the memory circuit. The system includes a comparison circuit configured to receive a configuration input and generate a disable signal, the disable signal configured to disable at least a portion of the adder circuit during the CIM operation.

This disclosure provides a signed adder circuit, chip, computing device, and electronic device. The circuit includes: a cascaded half-adder, at least one full-adder, and a sign processor. The half-adder performs addition on the least significant bit of a first multi-bit number and the least significant bit of a second multi-bit number, outputting a first carry-value and a least significant bit result value. The at least one full-adder performs addition on the middle bit of the first multi-bit number, the middle bit of the second multi-bit number, and the first carry-value or the second carry-value output by the previous full-adder, outputting at least one second carry-value and at least one middle bit result value. The sign processor performs addition on the most significant bit of the first multi-bit number, the most significant bit of the second multi-bit number, and the second carry-value output by the previous full-adder, outputting the most significant bit result value and a sign result value.

The utility model discloses a digital signal processor (DSP) sampling conditioning circuit, which relates to the technical field of digital signal processing, and is characterized in that the output end of a voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of an anti-phase proportion operation circuit, and the output end of the anti-phase proportion operation circuit is connected with one input end of an adder circuit; the other input end of the adder circuit is connected with the output end of the sensor, and the output end of the adder circuit is connected with the input end of the DSP. According to the utility model, the measurement precision of the DSP can be improved.

Provided is a hybrid ADC capable of suppressing the influence of misdetermination of quantization and improving linear characteristics. The hybrid ADC includes: a first switch connected to an input terminal to which an analog signal is input; a delay integrator connected to an output side of the first switch; a quantizer connected to an output side of the delay integrator; a digital-to-analog converter for analog-converting the output of the quantizer; and a first adder that is provided between the first switch and the delay integrator and adds the analog signal input to the first switch and an inverted output obtained by inverting the sign of the output of the digital-to-analog converter, in a first step, the first switch is turned on, the quantizer quantizes in two levels, and in a second step, the quantizer quantizes in two levels. And a second step in which the first switch is turned off, the quantizer quantizes at a level 3 according to the output of the delay integrator in the first step, and the digital-to-analog converter performs analog conversion at a level 2, and the second step in which the first switch is turned off, and the quantizer quantizes at a level 3 according to the output of the delay integrator in the first step, and the digital-to-analog converter performs analog conversion at a level 3.

The application discloses a control system for improving load response rate of a coal-fired thermal power unit under an ACE mode, which comprises a PID controller with feedforward, a first adder, a first analog AI input module, a second analog AI input module, a first analog AO output module, a second adder, a third analog AI input module, a fourth analog AI input module and a fifth analog AI input module; the output end of the fourth analog AI input module and the output end of the fifth analog AI input module are connected with the input end of the second adder, the output end of the third analog AI input module and the output end of the second adder are connected with the input end of the first adder, and the output end of the first analog AI input module, the output end of the second analog AI input module and the output end of the first adder are connected with the input end of the PID controller with feedforward; the system can realize the purpose of fast response of the coal-fired thermal power unit to load instruction change.

A circuit for transmitting an n-bit phase value between circuits includes a system clock input, an n-bit phase value generator coupled to the system clock input that generates a phase value output and an edge output indicating that the phase output value is valid, a latched clock delay circuit having an input coupled to the system clock input, an input coupled to the edge output, a variable phase delay circuit coupled to the phase value output, a delay adder having a first input coupled to the phase value output, a second input coupled to a delay offset signal, and an output coupled to a control input of the variable phase delay circuit, and a phase flip-flop having a data input coupled to an output of the variable phase delay circuit, a clock input coupled to a latched clock output of the variable output clock delay circuit, and a phase out output.

The present disclosure relates to image signal and phase detection autofocus signal extraction and storage in an arithmetic logic unit. An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) includes a front end latch stage coupled to a signal latch stage coupled to a Gray code (GC) to binary stage. A first input of an adder stage is coupled to receive an output of the GC to binary stage. An adder input latch stage includes first and second adder input latches including first and second inputs coupled to receive the output of the GC to binary stage. An adder input multiplexer stage includes an output coupled to a second input of the adder stage and first and second inputs coupled to outputs of the first and second adder input latches, respectively.

The application discloses an R-2R digital-analog converter with an auxiliary calibration structure and relates to the technical field of high-precision digital-analog conversion. The converter comprises a main DAC, a calibration quantity calculation module, a compensation code generation module, an auxiliary DAC and an operational amplifier circuit. The main DAC converts a digital input into an analog current. The calibration quantity calculation module generates a 15-bit compensation code containing a 1-bit sign bit and a 14-bit data bit through a 24-bit ADC, a comparator and successive approximation logic, and only calibrates the high 12 bits of the main DAC bit by bit, and the low 4 bits do not need to be calibrated. The compensation code generation module generates a total compensation code through gating by a multiplexer and superposition by an adder. The auxiliary DAC is a 14-bit binary current type structure, and realizes bidirectional compensation in cooperation with a positive and negative reference voltage source. The application has the advantages of short calibration period, small storage consumption, no need for additional bias calibration, excellent linearity, and suitability for application in the fields of wireless communication, biological medicine and the like, and meets the application requirements of high resolution and high precision.