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Apparatus for converting coal to hydrocarbons

An apparatus for forming liquid hydrocarbons from solid coal. The coal is pulverized to provide a particulate coal feed, which is then extruded to provide a hollow tube of compressed coal supported inside of a support tube. A clay feed is extruded to provide a hollow tube of compressed clay supported inside of the coal tube and a combustible fuel is burned inside of the clay tube. The temperature of combustion is sufficient to fire the extruded clay and pyrolyze the extruded coal to produce hydrocarbon gases and coal char. The support tube has holes for releasing the hydrocarbon gases, which contain suspended particles formed during combustion. The suspended particles are removed from the hydrocarbon gases to provide clean gases, which are passed through an ionizing chamber to ionize at least a portion thereof. The ionized gases are then passed through a magnetic field to separate them from each other according to their molecular weight. Selected portions of at least some of the separated gases are mixed, and the mixed gases are cooled to provide at least one liquid hydrocarbon product of predetermined composition. Portions of the separated gases may also be mixed with the coal char and other input streams, such as waste plastics, and further treated to provide other hydrocarbon products.
Owner:WOOTTEN WILLIAM A

Dose Synthesis Mosule for Biomaker Generator System

ActiveUS20110070160A1Reduce in quantityLess stringent infrastructure requirementProcess control/regulationChemical/physical/physico-chemical microreactorsDose ReducedIsotope
A microfluidic radiopharmaceutical production system and process for synthesizing per run approximately, but not less than, one (1) unit dose of a radiopharmaceutical biomarker for use in positron emission tomography (PET). The radiopharmaceutical production system includes a reaction vessel that receives a radioisotope from an accelerator or other radioisotope generator. Organic and aqueous reagents are introduced into the reaction vessel, and the mixture is heated to synthesize a solution of a pre-selected radiopharmaceutical. The radiopharmaceutical solution is purified by passing the solution through a solid phase extraction column and a filter. The synthesis process produces per run a quantity of radiopharmaceutical approximately equal to, but not less than, one (1) unit dose of a radiopharmaceutical, reducing waste and allowing for the production of radiopharmaceutical on an as-needed basis. The synthesis process allows for the production of biomarker radiopharmaceuticals on site and close to the location where the unit dose will be administered to the patient. On-site, as-needed production of radiopharmaceuticals in small doses reduces the time between the synthesis of the radiopharmaceutical and the administration of that radiopharmaceutical, thereby minimizing the loss of active isotopes through decay and allowing the production of lesser amounts of radioisotopes overall.
Owner:BEST ABT INC
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