562 results about "Glass melting" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent control, in particular to an intelligent control method and system for a high-compatibility charging machine of a glass all-electric melting furnace. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out data preprocessing on obtained original data; state estimation and feature extraction are carried out on the preprocessed data; carrying out distribution track planning based on the extracted features; performing parameter decision by using the control parameters after the neural network distribution track planning; performing control execution and feedback based on a decision result; and outputting a control instruction and a running state. Through multi-source data acquisition and deep analysis, reinforcement learning optimization and an intelligent decision algorithm are combined, and the system can accurately plan a material distribution track and dynamically adjust control parameters such as the spiral conveying rotating speed and the belt speed.

The invention discloses a control method and system in a glass product manufacturing process, and particularly relates to the technical field of glass product manufacturing. Voltage fluctuation and signal noise data in a plurality of time periods are analyzed by monitoring voltage fluctuation and signal noise of a temperature sensor in real time, a data accuracy index of the temperature sensor is calculated in combination with a weight assignment method, oxygen concentration fluctuation in a furnace is monitored in real time through an oxygen sensor, the influence of atmosphere change is evaluated, and the accuracy of the temperature sensor is improved. A fuzzy logic algorithm is utilized to comprehensively evaluate the accuracy of monitoring data and the fluctuation condition of oxygen concentration, and the heating power is dynamically adjusted, so that the glass melting process is optimized, the temperature is prevented from being out of control or incomplete melting is prevented, the equipment damage risk is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the maintenance and shutdown time is shortened, and the temperature monitoring accuracy is effectively improved. The stability of the system is enhanced, and efficient and safe operation of the glass production process is guaranteed.

The utility model provides a skid-mounted defoaming agent liquid supply device for glass melting, which is used for spraying a defoaming agent to a white foam area in a melting furnace in the field of glass melting and comprises a skid-mounted seat and a liquid supply device, the electric cabinet module is used for electrically controlling liquid supply work, the storage tank module is used for storing medicaments, the pipeline system is communicated with the storage tank module, the infusion pump module is used for being matched with the pipeline system to add the medicaments into the storage tank module, and the electric cabinet module, the storage tank module, the pipeline system and the infusion pump module are integrally mounted on the prying seat; an electric cabinet, a storage tank module, an infusion pump module, a pipeline system, a flow control valve, a liquid level monitoring valve, a control valve, an adjusting valve and the like are integrated and installed in a skid-mounted mode, so that installation space can be effectively saved, the installation progress is accelerated, materials are saved, standardization can be achieved, and the problems that in the prior art, an antifoaming agent liquid supply system is complex in structure, low in cost and the like are solved. The occupied area is large, the installation difficulty is large, and the construction period is long.

The invention discloses an optical glass smelting process prediction method, system, equipment and medium, and relates to the technical field of optical glass, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining smelting process data and bubble evaluation data of optical glass, and carrying out feature extraction on image data and ultrasonic reflection signals to obtain corresponding bubble features; based on a first preset model, obtaining a bubble level prediction model according to the bubble features and the level data; based on a second preset model, a bubble feature prediction model is obtained according to the smelting process data and the bubble features; and obtaining a target bubble level and a limiting condition, traversing at least one of the bubble density, the bubble area and the bubble depth based on a random network search algorithm, and calling the bubble level prediction model for prediction to obtain a bubble level, and taking the bubble parameter corresponding to the bubble level consistent with the target bubble level as a target bubble characteristic parameter. The method has the effect of reducing the cost of the glass smelting process.

The invention discloses high-strength high-temperature-resistant fireproof industrial glass and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of glass manufacturing. The industrial glass is prepared from the following raw materials: silicon dioxide, boric oxide, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide, niobium phosphate, a composite reinforcing component and a clarifying agent, the composite reinforcing component is prepared from hafnium oxide, gadolinium oxide and zinc oxide; the clarifying agent is obtained by mixing cerium dioxide and tin oxide. The preparation method of the industrial glass comprises the following steps: preparing functional components, melting glass, forming a glass substrate, and preparing the industrial glass. The prepared industrial glass is high in strength, good in high-temperature stability and excellent in fireproof performance.

The invention relates to microcrystalline glass, a preparation method, a microcrystalline glass product and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of microcrystalline glass preparation, and the microcrystalline glass comprises the following components in percentage by mole of oxides: 30-55% of Al2O3; caO: 25%-55%; 8%-20% of alkaline earth metal oxide; 3%-15% of alkali metal oxide; 0%. 10% of B2O3; alkaline earth metal ions and alkali metal ions are added into a glass system composed of calcium and aluminum, so that the glass forming performance of the glass ceramic can be effectively improved under the condition that the high mechanical strength of the glass ceramic is kept, and the glass melting temperature and energy consumption are reduced.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of glass manufacturing. Provided are a recipe of glass capable of carbon emission and a preparation method for the glass capable of carbon emission. The recipe comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 53-60% of quartz sand, 12-18% of wollastonite, 5-12% of albite, 0.5-2% of spodumene, and 15-20% of NaOH; on this basis, 2-5% of water and 5-10% of a silica sol binder are additionally added to ensure the humidity and good adhesive effect of a compounded material. The raw materials are fully mixed and then fed to an extrusion molding machine, the pressure in the extrusion molding machine is controlled to be 50-150 MPa, and extrusion is performed to form spherical or flake-shaped pellets having a diameter of 5-15 mm; and the granulated and molded pellets of the compounded material are then preheated to 500°C and put into a kiln for melting to obtain glass capable of carbon emission. The preparation method can improve the utilization rate of the compounded material, shorten the melting time, reduce the melting temperature, improve the quality of glass melting, reduce the unit energy consumption, and reduce the carbon emission.

The utility model discloses a flue gas denitration device for a glass melting furnace, which is characterized in that a first treatment component is arranged at the upper ends of a first treatment cylinder and a second treatment cylinder, a part of a first treatment rod is arranged in the first treatment cylinder and the second treatment cylinder, and the second treatment component is matched with the first treatment component; when flue gas entering the glass melting furnace is pretreated, ammonia gas and the flue gas of the glass melting furnace are uniformly mixed and filtered for multiple times, the pretreated flue gas can be subjected to denitration treatment for multiple times, meanwhile, the denitrated flue gas can be detected, and if the detected content is high, the flue gas can be subjected to denitration treatment. And the denitrated flue gas is subjected to denitration treatment again, so that the denitration treatment effect of the flue gas of the glass melting furnace can be ensured, and subsequent other treatment can be more convenient.

The invention relates to the technical field of special glass manufacturing, in particular to a method for preparing ultrathin aluminosilicate glass, which comprises the following steps: mixing SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, K2O, Na2O and ZrO2 / Li2O in proportion; feeding the mixed raw material into a glass melting furnace for high-temperature melting to form molten glass; pouring the molten glass into a float tank filled with tin liquor, and forming a layer of uniform glass tape on the surface of the tin liquor; standing and cooling the glass tape in the tin bath until the glass tape is solidified to form plate glass; carrying out annealing treatment on the cured plate glass, and carrying out chemical strengthening treatment in the annealing treatment process; judging whether the chemical strengthening treatment meets a preset standard or not according to the strengthening warping value; secondarily judging whether the chemical strengthening treatment meets a preset standard or not according to the strength evaluation value; the plate glass which meets the preset standard through chemical strengthening treatment is cut to obtain the ultra-thin aluminosilicate glass, and the quality of the ultra-thin aluminosilicate glass is improved.

The invention discloses a low-glass-phase fused zirconia corundum brick with a special structure and a preparation method thereof. The fused zirconia corundum brick comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: greater than or equal to 32.5% of ZrO2, less than or equal to 15% of SiO2, less than or equal to 1.4% of K2O + Na2O + CaO + MgO, and the balance of Al2O3 and inevitable impurities. In addition, the content of a glass phase of the fused zirconia corundum brick is smaller than or equal to 20%, and the glass phase is divided into discontinuous blocky areas by a corundum phase in a microstructure. By optimizing the raw material ratio and the casting process, a unique microstructure is formed in the fused zirconia corundum brick, the glass phase of the fused zirconia corundum brick is uniformly divided into discontinuous areas by a dendritic corundum phase, coarse baddeleyite grains are accompanied around the discontinuous areas, the viscosity of the glass phase is remarkably improved by the structure, the flow connectivity of the fused zirconia corundum brick is effectively limited, and the fused zirconia corundum brick has good heat resistance. The product has excellent characteristics of high glass phase exudation temperature and low exudation amount, the product is particularly suitable for flame space parts of the glass melting furnace, pollution to molten glass can be avoided due to the low glass phase exudation characteristic of the product, the quality of the glass product can be improved, and the service life of the furnace can be prolonged.

The invention provides a method and a system for accurately regulating and controlling waste gas denitration air quantity of a glass melting furnace. According to the method, an ultrasonic Doppler sensor group is arranged around a glass melting furnace flue, ultrasonic beams are synchronously emitted to collect flow velocity pulsation data required by exhaust gas denitration air volume, time sequence waveforms are decomposed to generate multi-dimensional frequency characteristics, and the multi-dimensional frequency characteristics are aggregated into a multi-dimensional flow velocity vector representing a flow field state; vector deviation is synchronously corrected through space coordinate alignment and a time sequence, and difference variable quantity is extracted and fused to generate a flow field thermodynamic diagram; establishing a time-space correlation model of the multi-dimensional flow velocity vector and the thermodynamic diagram, predicting an air volume adjusting threshold value meeting the denitration requirement, and converting the air volume adjusting threshold value into a fan rotating speed control signal to drive an execution mechanism; and according to waste gas pulsation response data caused by fan rotating speed change and thermodynamic diagram updating frequency relevance, multi-dimensional flow velocity vectors are dynamically adjusted to form closed-loop regulation and control. According to the application, the dynamic demand of the denitration air volume and the millisecond-level closed-loop response executed by the fan are realized, the flue gas purification efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass production and manufacturing, and discloses a natural gas hydrogen-doped operation device which is applied to conveying mixed gas to a glass melting furnace and comprises a mixing pipe, the mixing pipe is used for mixing natural gas and hydrogen, and a first gas inlet and a gas outlet are formed in the two ends of the mixing pipe in the first direction respectively. A second air inlet is formed in the middle of the mixing pipe, and the arrangement direction of the second air inlet is inclined relative to the first direction; the first gas inlet communicates with a natural gas source through a first pipeline; the second gas inlet is communicated with a hydrogen source through a second pipeline, and a backflow plate is arranged at the communication position of the second gas inlet and the mixing pipe; the gas outlet is communicated with a third pipeline, and one end, deviating from the gas outlet, of the third pipeline is used for conveying mixed gas formed by uniformly mixing the natural gas and the hydrogen to a combustion gun of the glass melting furnace, so that the natural gas and the hydrogen can be promoted to be mixed more uniformly, and the uniformity of the mixed gas conveyed to the glass melting furnace is ensured; and ideal energy-saving and carbon-reducing effects are achieved.

The invention discloses an overflow port structure of an ultra-white rolled glass melting furnace in the technical field of glass melting furnaces. The overflow port structure comprises a branch passage, the overflow port is formed in one side of the tail end of the branch passage; the outlet arch is arranged above the overflow port; the first electric boosting piece is arranged at the bottom of the tail end of the branch path and is used for preventing the molten glass from crystallizing; the second electric boosting pieces are arranged on the overflow port pool walls on the two sides of the overflow port and are used for reducing the transverse temperature difference of the molten glass. According to the invention, an electric boosting mode is adopted, and the molten glass at the tail end of the branch path is integrally heated through the first electric boosting piece, so that the temperature of the molten glass at the tail end of the branch path can be increased, and a crystallization phenomenon is prevented; and the second electric fluxing piece is used for locally heating the glass liquid in the overflow port, so that the transverse temperature difference of the glass liquid in the overflow port is reduced, and the uniformity and the glass quality of the glass liquid are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass melting, in particular to modularized electronic glass atmosphere continuous melting equipment and a using method thereof.The modularized electronic glass atmosphere continuous melting equipment comprises a lower discharging melting furnace and a feeding device and further comprises a plurality of partition plate melting furnaces arranged between the lower discharging melting furnace and the feeding device in a communicating mode; a first shell and a second shell are arranged on the outer side of the lower discharging smelting furnace and the outer sides of the multiple partition plate smelting furnaces correspondingly, a discharging opening extending to the outer side of the first shell is formed in the lower side of the lower discharging smelting furnace, and partition plates are fixed to the inner sides of the multiple partition plate smelting furnaces correspondingly. Through the anti-blocking pushing mechanism, glass melt can be continuously pushed to the end opening of the outflow pipe, so that the glass melt flows to the inner side of the next partition plate smelting furnace or the lower discharging smelting furnace more quickly, and the glass melt can be prevented from being accumulated on the inner sides of the outflow pipe and the inflow pipe; therefore, blockage of the outflow pipe and the inflow pipe caused by cooling of the glass melt is well avoided, and the operation reliability of equipment is improved.

An apparatus for producing glass includes: a recuperator heating a heat transfer medium through heat exchange with a combustion gas emitted from a glass melting furnace; a reactor causing a reverse shift reaction to progress by heating CO2 gas and H2 gas through heat exchange with the heat transfer medium heated by the recuperator and producing at least CO gas from the CO2 gas and the H2 gas; and a burner forming a flame inside the glass melting furnace by burning a flammable gas containing the CO gas produced by the reactor and a oxidizing gas.

A glass melting furnace for preparing glass bottles relates to the technical field of glass melting furnaces and comprises a melting furnace and a heat recoverer. The smelting furnace is provided with an opening, and the heat recoverer is connected with the opening in a sealed mode. A feeding area, a heating area, a homogenizing area and a cooling area are sequentially arranged in the smelting furnace in the direction of an assembly line, the depth of molten glass in the feeding area, the depth of molten glass in the heating area and the depth of molten glass in the cooling area are the same and are all lower than the depth of molten glass in the homogenizing area, and a feeding port is formed in the side wall of the feeding area of the smelting furnace. A material receiving platform is arranged in the feeding area and matched with the feeding port, and raw materials enter the smelting furnace from the feeding port, are melted on the material receiving platform and then flow into the bottom of the feeding area in the smelting furnace. The material receiving platform is arranged for buffering the added glass raw materials, and the glass raw materials are melted on the material receiving platform and then enter the molten glass in the melting furnace in the form of high-temperature molten glass, so that the condition of convection in the furnace is avoided, and the homogenizing and clarifying temperature of the molten glass in the melting tank is increased.

The invention discloses a low-carbon glass melting furnace adopting a pre-melting pool, which relates to the technical field of glass manufacturing, solves the technical problem of reducing energy consumption, and comprises a pre-melting pool adopting electric melting or submerged combustion and a clarification pool communicated with the pre-melting pool and adopting flame combustion, a cold top structure is arranged in the upper space of the pre-melting tank, and the upper structure of the clarification tank adopts an arch structure and is hermetically connected with the upper space of the pre-melting tank through an L-shaped hanging wall; in the glass melting process, the silicate forming stage and the glass forming stage are completed in a pre-melting pool, and the molten glass clarifying stage is completed in a clarifying pool. A pre-melting pool is communicated with a clarification pool, electric melting or submerged combustion heating is adopted in the pre-melting pool, combustion space flame heating is adopted in the clarification pool, and a novel function partition structure is developed and designed in a targeted manner according to the fact that all stages of the glass melting process have different required effects on all areas of an energy supply area of the glass melting furnace. And the carbon emission and the energy consumption are obviously reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of melting furnace combustion control, in particular to a visual identification-based natural gas spray gun angle adjusting system for a melting furnace, which determines the actual auxiliary heating temperature according to the real-time glass liquid temperature and the main heating temperature so as to determine the heat loss equivalent, and determines whether to adjust the spray gun angle according to the fluidity. And after a simulated auxiliary heating temperature is determined according to a judgment result of adjusting the angle of the spray gun in combination with the heat loss equivalent, an angle adjusting strategy is determined through a melting furnace simulation module to control an angle adjusting device to adjust the flame spraying direction, so that the adjusted auxiliary heating temperature is higher than the auxiliary heating temperature before adjustment. According to the invention, the flame spraying angle of the spray gun is automatically adjusted and monitored in real time according to the multi-dimensional data of the glass melting furnace, so that the glass clarifying and homogenizing efficiency is optimized.

The invention discloses totally-closed island type glass melting furnace feeding equipment and method, and belongs to the field of glass manufacturing. Totally-closed island type glass melting furnace feeding equipment comprises a tank furnace, a feeding tank arranged in the tank furnace and a feeding opening formed in the feeding tank, and further comprises a raw material bin installed on the feeding opening, and a discharging opening communicated with the feeding opening is formed in the bottom end of the raw material bin; according to the invention, glass raw materials naturally fall into the feeding pool under the action of self gravity to form an island-type material pile, the island-type material pile is piled up, once the raw materials on the island-type material pile are molten into molten glass, the molten glass immediately flows to the bottom of the island-type material pile, and the unmolten raw materials are exposed to be continuously molten, so that the molten glass is completely melted; the maximum heat exchange area and the maximum temperature difference are kept in the whole melting process, the whole raw material melting efficiency is improved, and the energy utilization rate is increased.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass manufacturing, in particular to a carbon-saving combustion intelligent control system for a melting furnace of a glass factory. Comprising on-line gas component detection devices which are respectively arranged in furnace cavities of a plurality of sub-furnaces on two sides of the glass melting furnace; the combustion optimization controller is used for generating a dynamic combustion air ratio; the combustion control subsystem is used for generating a natural gas flow signal and a combustion-supporting air flow signal according to the dynamic combustion-air ratio; the natural gas subsystem is used for adjustably introducing natural gas into the sub-furnace according to the natural gas flow signal; and the combustion-supporting air subsystem is used for adjustably introducing combustion-supporting air into the sub-furnace according to the combustion-supporting air flow signal. The online gas component detection device is arranged, the heat-resistant temperature is high, the concentration of oxygen and carbon monoxide in the furnace cavity of the sub-furnace can be measured in real time and used for feedback regulation and control in real time, and therefore the purpose of optimizing the fuel / air ratio is achieved, and the effect of time measurement and time control is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass smelting, in particular to a waste gas treatment mechanism for glass smelting, which comprises a base, a preliminary filtering assembly is arranged on one side of the base, a pair of support frames is arranged on the base on one side of the preliminary filtering assembly, a deep filtering assembly is arranged between the two support frames, and a waste gas treatment assembly is arranged on the deep filtering assembly. A water circulation assembly is arranged on one side, far away from the preliminary filtering assembly, of the deep filtering assembly. Sewage generated in the deep filtering assembly is guided into the water storage tank by arranging the water circulation assembly and the sewage flow guide pipe, impurities in the sewage can be filtered through a filter screen, water can be reused, cyclic utilization of water resources is achieved, water resource consumption and treatment cost are reduced, and then the sewage treatment device has the advantages of being simple in structure and convenient to use. A water suction pump pumps filtered water in the water storage tank through a water taking pipeline, and supplies water to a sprayer I and an annular water sprayer through a water supply pipeline I and a water supply pipeline II respectively, so that normal operation of water mist spraying and water bath treatment in the deep filtering assembly is ensured.

This invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the liquid glass level in a furnace during substrate glass preparation, belonging to the field of substrate glass manufacturing technology. It solves the technical problem that existing technologies cannot achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of the liquid glass level in a substrate glass furnace to ensure its stability. The method involves collecting weighing data of glass powder and substrate glass, and calculating the theoretical height of the liquid glass level in the furnace. Subsequently, a glass volume conversion coefficient is set, and the actual liquid glass level is manually measured. The theoretical and actual liquid glass levels are compared to correct the volume conversion coefficients for melting glass powder and substrate glass. By comparing the difference between the theoretical and target liquid glass levels, the feeding frequency of the feeding system is adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment and stability of the liquid glass level in the substrate glass furnace.

A glass melting apparatus, such as a submerged combustion melter, has a housing that includes at least one wall, which may be liquid cooled. The wall includes an inner composite layer that faces an interior chamber of the melting apparatus and, in operation of the apparatus, contacts molten glass. The inner composite layer is comprised of a composite material that includes glass and clay and, additionally, may further include one or more of a refractory material, reinforcing fibers, an adhesion agent, or an atomizing agent. The wall of the housing may be provided by a plurality of panels with each panel providing a portion of the inner composite layer. A method of making the composite material from a castable material, which may be an aqueous slurry that includes water and a solids mixture, is also disclosed.

The invention concerns a process for melting vitrifiable materials to produce flat glass, comprising the steps of (i) providing a furnace comprising at least one main melting tank with electrical heating means, at least one auxiliary melting tank, a fining tank with oxy-combustion heating means, a neck separating main melting tank and fining tank; (ii) charging the vitrifiable materials comprising raw materials and cullet in main melting tank and / or in auxiliary melting tank, the total amount of cullet being at least 10wt% of vitrifiable materials; (iii) melting the vitrifiable materials in main melting tank by heating with the electrical heating means and flowing to the fining tank through the neck; (iv) melting at least a part of the cullet in the auxiliary melting tank and flowing to the neck or to the fining tank, with electrical input fraction ranging from 50% to 85%; (v) fining melt in the fining tank by heating with the oxy-combustion heating means alimented with gas and / or hydrogen, (vi) flowing the melt from the fining tank to a working zone (vii) capturing CO2 from flue gas comprising step(s) of compression and / or dehydration, said flue gas having CO2 concentration of at least 35%.

The present invention provides a molten material discharge device and discharge method for a glass melting furnace in a nuclear power plant. The molten material discharge device for a glass melting furnace in a nuclear power plant includes a target body containing molten material positioned at the top and a discharge assembly for continuously discharging the molten material to the bottom, the discharge assembly including a main body module, a drive module for providing driving force, a nozzle module for discharging the molten material from the target body, a heating module for heating the nozzle module by induction heating, a first temperature measurement module for acquiring first temperature information due to heating the nozzle module, and a second temperature measurement module for acquiring second temperature information, which is temperature information due to heating the nozzle module, separately from the first temperature information, the heating module maintains the nozzle module at a set temperature based on the first and second temperature information.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass melting furnaces, in particular to a glass melting furnace which comprises a melting part melting pool. The melting part molten pool comprises a plurality of pure oxygen combustion areas and a plurality of air combustion areas; the pure oxygen combustion area and the air combustion area are sequentially and circularly arranged in the melting part molten pool; the pure oxygen combustion area is connected with a pure oxygen combustion gun; the air combustion area is connected with a small furnace; the small furnace is connected with a heat storage chamber; according to the invention, a pure oxygen combustion and air combustion combined distribution structure is adopted, the advantages of high melting temperature and high heat radiation efficiency of pure oxygen combustion are fully played, and a forced melting effect is achieved in a specific area; meanwhile, flue gas generated by pure oxygen combustion and flue gas in an adjacent air combustion area are mixed and are quickly discharged together through a heat storage chamber of the air combustion area, the water content in the kiln cannot be greatly increased, and excessive foam cannot be generated; the higher smoke temperature of the pure oxygen combustion area can improve the heat storage temperature of the air heat storage chamber, and the heat storage efficiency is further improved.

The utility model discloses a glass melting furnace bubbler which comprises a mounting plate and an insertion pipe, a shunting adjusting structure is mounted at the bottom of the mounting plate, a mounting frame is connected to one side of the mounting plate in a sliding manner, fastening adjusting structures are arranged at the two ends of the mounting frame, the insertion pipe is arranged above the mounting frame, and an auxiliary air injection structure is arranged in the insertion pipe. The auxiliary air injection structure comprises a double-helix liquid injection groove, a liquid injection opening, a drainage groove, an ejector pin, a high-temperature-resistant spring, a check block and an air injection opening, and the double-helix liquid injection groove is formed in the insertion pipe. When the bubbler disclosed by the utility model is not started, the top of the ejector pin blocks the air jet hole due to the elastic extrusion of the high-temperature-resistant spring, and when bubbles need to be generated, as gas flows to the air jet hole through the drainage groove, the ejector pin retracts under the action of air pressure, so that air flow can be jetted through the air jet hole.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass ceramics, in particular to a silicon dioxide-containing glass ceramic wafer substrate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing aluminum oxide, hydroxyethyl urea, chromium dioxide, lithium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, a clarifying agent, a toughening agent and silicon dioxide; preparing an aqueous solution from hydroxyethyl urea, and putting the powder, a clarifying agent, a toughening agent and the aqueous solution into a ball milling tank to obtain slurry; carrying out vacuum defoaming, tape casting, drying, glue removal heat treatment, glass melting, rolling and annealing treatment to obtain a glass plate; and polishing, ultrasonically cleaning and drying the glass plate to obtain the wafer substrate. According to the preparation method, hydroxyethyl urea and chromium dioxide are combined under a specific controlled heat treatment system, so that the functions of a conventional dispersing agent are exceeded, a unique toughening phase existing in a grain boundary is generated through in-situ reaction, uniform formation of a superfine nanocrystalline structure is realized synergistically, and thus the fracture toughness and the surface flatness of the material are synchronously and remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a glass smelting device and method, and belongs to the technical field of optical glass manufacturing. The invention mainly solves the quality problems of poor product quality reproducibility, unstable optical property, high possibility of foreign matter defects and the like when an intermittent single crucible is used for melting optical glass. The melting furnace is mainly characterized in that the melting area is composed of a feeding port, a melting crucible, an isolation plate and a round bar; the working area consists of a material receiving bowl, a working crucible, a stirrer and a material leaking pipe; the connecting pipe is composed of a siphon pipe, an overflow pipe and a cooling cavity, the siphon pipe and the overflow pipe are connected between the side wall of the melting crucible and the material receiving bowl, and the cooling cavity is arranged on the overflow pipe; and a certain fall is formed between the melting crucible and the working crucible. The invention has the characteristics that the batch is fully melted in the melting crucible, completely flows to the working crucible through the cooperation of the overflow pipe and the siphon, and is fully clarified and homogenized in the working crucible, and is mainly used for melting optical glass with glass components easy to fly, volatilize and crystallize.

The invention relates to the technical field of glass melting furnaces, in particular to an immersed combustion glass pre-melting system and a glass melting furnace feeding method.The immersed combustion glass pre-melting system comprises a plurality of pre-melting units separately arranged at an inlet of a main melting furnace; the melting temperatures of the plurality of pre-melting units are different, so that the glass liquid entering the main melting furnace generates a transverse temperature gradient for convection homogenization. Aiming at the problem that a pre-melting system in the prior art easily generates a flowing dead zone at a corner position, a molten pool is divided into a plurality of discrete pre-melting units, the volume of a single molten pool is reduced, so that the problem of non-uniform temperature conduction in the molten pool is avoided, and meanwhile, the pre-melting temperature of each pre-melting unit is controlled to have a certain difference, so that the pre-melting efficiency is improved. Therefore, when feeding is carried out on the main melting furnace, a specific temperature gradient is generated in the main melting furnace to enhance convection homogenization of molten glass among the pre-melting units, and the temperature and the distribution uniformity of raw materials are improved.