259 results about "Barium" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of sulfur-iodine circulating hydrogen production, in particular to a thermochemical iodine-sulfur-barium circulating hydrogen production process and a thermochemical iodine-sulfur-barium circulating hydrogen production system, which comprises the following steps: reacting excessive Ba < 2 + > with sulfuric acid in a Bunsen reaction product to obtain barium sulfate so as to obtain a first reaction mixed solution containing HI, BaSO4, H2O, BaI2 and a small amount of unreacted I2; sequentially carrying out cyclone separation, liquid removal and filter pressing to obtain a barium sulfate filter cake and a second mixed solution containing HI, H2O and BaI2; the method comprises the following steps: crushing a barium sulfate filter cake, performing high-temperature decomposition, returning gas generated by decomposition to participate in Bunsen reaction, and dissolving BaO generated by decomposition into Ba < 2 + >; and reboiling the second mixed solution to obtain hydrogen iodide steam, cooling a product obtained by decomposing the hydrogen iodide steam, carrying out gas-liquid separation to obtain hydrogen, and returning liquid obtained by gas-liquid separation to participate in the Bunsen reaction of the next cycle. Barium circulation is introduced, the process is simplified, the dosage of elemental iodine is reduced, and the cost is low.

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing data processing, in particular to a preparation method of a high-calcium fluorite and barite paragenic ore combined inhibitor, which comprises the following steps: collecting multi-source process mineralogy data output by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, an automatic mineral analyzer and the like, converting the multi-source process mineralogy data into a structured format, and constructing a process mineralogy database; based on historical data of a database, a random forest algorithm is adopted to train a correlation model, the correlation rule of mineral characteristics such as calcite content, fluorite particle size distribution and barite monomer dissociation degree and the inhibitor ratio is learned, and parameters of the optimization model are fed back through a flotation test. The combined inhibitor solves the problem of selective separation caused by similar surface properties through a synergistic effect of covering active sites of fluorite calcium by modified water glass, regulating active sites of barite barium by citric acid and assisting in enhancing inhibition by modified starch, and solves the problem of low efficiency of multi-source data integration through structured data processing and model closed-loop optimization; the flotation separation efficiency and the concentrate grade are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional effect glaze, a three-dimensional effect ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The three-dimensional effect glaze is composed of honeycomb ground glaze and honeycomb effect glaze; the honeycomb ground glaze comprises the following mineral components in percentage by mass: 20%-30% of quartz, 5%-10% of kaolin, 12%-18% of albite, 7%-15% of calcite, 2%-7% of wollastonite, 12%-17% of calcined talc, 15%-25% of calcined zinc oxide, 2%-6% of titanium dioxide, 2%-4% of glass powder, 1%-3% of strontium carbonate and 1%-5% of dolomite. The glaze with the honeycomb effect comprises the following mineral components in percentage by mass: 5%-15% of quartz, 5%-10% of kaolin, 40%-55% of albite, 2%-6% of barium ice feldspar, 2%-10% of calcite, 7%-15% of calcined talc, 1%-4% of calcined zinc oxide, 7%-15% of red mud and 3%-5% of coal gangue. The novel effect glaze is developed, the glaze surface is flat and smooth, meanwhile, the ground glaze is pushed to the surface through the gas phase disturbance effect, and the effect glaze sinks and wraps the ground glaze in a three-dimensional honeycomb shape.

A dielectric ceramic composition includes a first crystal grain that has a perovskite structure expressed by a general formula of BaCaTiO3, and has a core portion and a shell portion surrounding the core portion and including a rare earth element and manganese, and a second crystal grain in which an elemental ratio of total of barium and calcium to titanium is 0.70 or less and a main component is barium calcium titanate.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of barium titanate, and particularly relates to nanoscale tetragonal-phase barium titanate and a confinement preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pumping a solution of barium titanium salt and a solution of a precipitator into a mixing reactor of a microchannel reactor for confinement mixing, and aging the obtained mixed slurry to obtain a barium titanate precursor; the flow velocity of the solution of the barium titanium salt and the flow velocity of the solution of the precipitant are independently 20-70 mL / min; and mixing the barium titanate precursor, a barium source and water for hydrothermal reaction to obtain the nanoscale tetragonal-phase barium titanate. The method can be used for efficiently and stably preparing the nanoscale tetragonal barium titanate which is small in size, high in crystallinity, high in particle size uniformity, narrow in particle size distribution and high in tetragonal phase purity.

The present invention relates to the technical field of preparation of barium hydroxide, and specifically to a process for preparing barium hydroxide octahydrate, comprising the following steps: (1) crushing a raw material of witherite, uniformly mixing the crushed witherite with coal powder, charcoal and silicon dioxide, calcining and keeping warm to obtain crude barium oxide; (2) dispersing the crude barium oxide in water, filtering and washing the residue with deionized water, desulfurizing the obtained filtrate with a desulfurizer, filtering and washing to obtain a barium hydroxide solution, and concentrating, cooling, crystallizing, centrifuging and drying to obtain the barium hydroxide solution. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing barium hydroxide octahydrate, aiming to improve the total leaching rate of barium and the purity of the product.

The invention discloses a simple preparation method of a barium-based metal organic framework (Ba-H2Sip) and proton conduction application of the barium-based metal organic framework (Ba-H2Sip), belongs to the field of functional material synthesis and energy application, and is characterized in that functional differentiation design of a 5-sulfoisophthalic acid ligand: a sulfonic group forms a two-dimensional layered structure by chelating Ba < 2 + >; the carboxyl groups are differentiated into'anchoring carboxyl groups' for constructing a three-dimensional supramolecular skeleton and'proton supply carboxyl groups' for providing a proton source, and the design is reported for the first time in Ba-based MOFs; according to the present invention, the large-scale preparation can be achieved by stirring the low-cost raw material in 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid at the room temperature, the yield exceeds 70%, the product can resist 8 M acid and pH = 13 alkali liquid, the conductivity at 90 DEG C / 90% humidity can achieve 1.39 * 10 <-2 > Scm <-1 >, the high-temperature process is not required, the raw material is low in cost and easy to obtain, and the feasible scheme is provided for the high-efficiency proton conductor industrialization.

The invention provides a method for detecting the content of a barium element in normal saline, which comprises the following steps: preparing barium element standard solutions with different concentrations, acquiring the absorbance of the barium element standard solutions with different concentrations, and establishing a barium element standard curve according to the absorbance and the concentrations of the barium element standard solutions; the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a sample solution, adding a digesting agent into the sample solution, digesting the sample solution under a heating condition, and evaporating the sample solution to obtain a digesting product; rinsing the digestion product to obtain a rinsing solution, adding a matrix modifier into the rinsing solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a to-be-detected sample solution; and obtaining the absorbance of the to-be-detected sample solution, and determining the content of the barium element in the to-be-detected sample solution according to the barium element standard curve and the absorbance of the to-be-detected sample solution. The detection method is high in sensitivity, low in detection cost and small in material taking amount, interference of normal saline matrixes can be reduced or eliminated, and the accuracy of detection results can be improved.

The invention discloses a method for analyzing the content of nitrogen in silicon-calcium-barium, which comprises the following steps of: filling a prepared powder sample into a graphite crucible filled with a tin sheet, heating by a pulse electrode furnace until the powder sample is molten, extracting nitrogen in a molecular form in helium flow, separating the nitrogen from other gas extracts, and measuring by using a thermal conductivity method. According to the method for analyzing the content of nitrogen in silicon-calcium-barium, the tin sheet is adopted as the fluxing agent, nitrogen release is greatly improved, and the accuracy of the determination method is improved. The method is simple, rapid and accurate in determination process.

The invention belongs to the field of ceramic materials, and particularly discloses a preparation method and application of barium titanate powder, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, sanding preparation raw materials comprising a barium source, a titanium source and a solvent at a sanding rotation speed of 600-1000 rpm by using a grinding ball A for 15-30 h to obtain primary slurry; s2, heating the primary slurry to 40-100 DEG C, and keeping the temperature for 2-10 hours; s3, carrying out high-energy ball milling for 0.5-3 hours by adopting a grinding ball B at the rotating speed of 1000-1400 rpm, so as to obtain secondary slurry; and S4, calcining the secondary slurry to obtain the barium titanate powder. According to the preparation method, the steps of sanding, heating, heat preservation and high-energy ball milling are adopted, the dispersion degree and uniformity of the barium titanate micronucleus, the titanium source and the barium source in the slurry are improved, so that uniform growth of barium titanate crystal grains in the calcination process is achieved, and finally the superfine barium titanate powder with uniform crystal grains and high tetragonal phase content is obtained.

The invention discloses an ammoxidation catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, the active component of the catalyst is represented by a general formula MoxBiaFebAcBdCeDfEgFhOy, A represents at least one element selected from the combination of a nickel element, a cobalt element, a manganese element, a zinc element and a cadmium element; b represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, strontium and barium elements; c represents at least one element selected from a combination consisting of potassium, rubidium and cesium elements; d represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of a tungsten element, a vanadium element, a chromium element, a gallium element, a germanium element, a scandium element, an yttrium element, an indium element, a tin element, and an antimony element; e represents at least one element other than promethium element among lanthanide elements; f represents at least one element among platinum group elements. According to the present invention, the composition ratio of the active components of the catalyst is regulated according to the action mechanism of the metal catalyst, such that the comprehensive performance of the catalyst is improved, and the high trinitrile product yield and the low trinitrile yield material consumption are provided.

The invention relates to an M-type barium ferrite single crystal material and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that metal source mixed powder and a fluxing agent are evenly mixed and subjected to primary sintering, and the metal source mixed powder comprises a barium source and an iron source; and carrying out secondary sintering on the obtained intermediate powder to obtain the M-type barium ferrite single crystal material. Wherein the secondary sintering comprises a heating stage, a heat preservation stage and a cooling stage, and the cooling stage comprises first-stage cooling, second-stage cooling and third-stage cooling which are sequentially carried out. According to the invention, the fluxing agent and the raw materials are added to form a eutectic system, melting can be realized at a temperature far lower than the melting point of the raw materials, and the cooling process is accurately controlled to slowly separate out the target M-type barium ferrite single crystal from the supersaturated molten liquid and reduce thermal stress and defects, so that the M-type barium ferrite single crystal material with high integrity and high purity is obtained. And moreover, the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple, low in cost and easy for large-scale industrial production.

This invention relates to treated geothermal brine compositions containing reduced concentrations of lithium, iron and silica compared to the untreated brines. Exemplary compositions contain concentration of lithium ranges from 0 to 200 mg / kg, concentration of silica ranges from 0 to 30 mg / kg, concentration of iron ranges from 0 to 300 mg / kg. Exemplary compositions also contain reduced concentrations of elements like arsenic, barium, and lead.

The invention provides a red light perovskite material based on bromine-iodine mixed halogen and a preparation method thereof, the red light perovskite material comprises a perovskite material doped with metal elements, the structural formula of the perovskite material is CsPbIxBr3-x, and X is more than 0 and less than 3; the doped metal element is one or more of zinc, potassium, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, sodium, rubidium, lithium, cerium, samarium, antimony, erbium and bismuth; wherein the atomic percent of the cesium element is smaller than or equal to 21%, and the atomic percent of the doped metal element is larger than or equal to 10%; the red-light perovskite material only has one light-emitting peak, and the light-emitting spectrum does not move or deform under the irradiation of blue light. The prepared perovskite material is uniform in component and free of ion migration.

The invention discloses a method for simultaneously determining total barium and sulfur in barite by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. In this method, the sample is decomposed by melting with sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. The molten slag is extracted with hot water, nitric acid and a chromium internal standard solution are added, the crucible and the beaker are washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, water is added and shaken well, heated to boiling gently on a hot plate and then taken off and shaken well. After cooling, it is determined on an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. The method of the invention makes use of the characteristic that barium sulfate has a relatively large solubility in reverse aqua regia, enabling barium and sulfur to coexist stably, and then simultaneously determines total barium and sulfur by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, which has the characteristics of high detection efficiency, high precision, simple operation and low cost, and solves the technical problems that when determining total barium and sulfur in barite by traditional methods, sulfur and barium are difficult to coexist in the solution, usually two different methods are required to complete the determination, and even barium and sulfur need to be separated in advance, resulting in a long process and low detection efficiency.

A process for producing amines by reductive amination, the process includes introducing a feed stream, the feed stream comprising an amino alcohol and a reducing agent, and hydrogen in a reaction zone of a reactor, and contacting the feed stream with a catalyst in the reaction zone. A hydrogen flow rate into the reaction zone is adjusted, and a product stream comprising ethyleneamines is extracted. The catalyst includes a carrier component selected from alumina, silica, and combinations thereof; and an active component having a first metal, a second metal, and a third metal. The first metal is selected from cobalt, nickel, and copper, the second metal is selected from rhenium, ruthenium, chromium, zinc, sodium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, lithium, potassium, barium, cesium, lanthanum, tungsten, iron, silver, titanium, manganese, aluminum, rhodium, platinum, palladium, iridium, and combinations thereof, and the third metal is niobium.

Disclosed is an eye drop composition for treating and preventing eye diseases. The eye drop composition for treating and preventing eye diseases contains, as active ingredients, minerals that have lost at least one electron, selected from germanium (Ge), silver (Ag), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), tantalum (Ta), antimony (Sb), zinc (Zn), indium (In), boron (B), astatine (At), thallium (Tl), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), tin (Sn), iron (Fe), calcium sulfide (CaS), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), sodium (Na), tungsten (W), gallium (Ga), strontium (Sr), potassium (K), beryllium (Be), barium (Ba), magnesium (Mg), scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), calcium (Ca), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), hafnium (Hf), bromine (Br), zirconium (Zr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), rubidium (Rb), technetium (Tc), platinum (Pt), niobium (Nb), gold (Au), phosphate (Pi), rhenium (Re), ruthenium (Ru), cobalt (Co), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum (Al), selenium (Se), bismuth (Bi), phosphorus (P), rhodium (Rh), silicon (Si), iodine (I), tellurium (Te), sulfur (S), lithium (Li), osmium (Os), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), and cesium (Cs), wherein the minerals are at least five types of minerals. The eye drop composition is very safe for the human body, and thus can be very effectively used as an eye drop agent for treating and preventing eye diseases, as well as for completely curing cataracts.

A multilayer piezoelectric element includes: (i) multiple piezoelectric ceramic layers, wherein: a primary component constitutes a perovskite structure of an alkali niobate; at least one of calcium, strontium, and barium, and silver, are contained; 0.1-2.0 mol of lithium, and 1.5-4.0 mol of silicon, per 100 mol of the primary component, are contained in a manner that a ratio of Li / Si becomes 0.025 or higher but under 0.40; and as measured with an X-ray diffraction measurement, a strongest diffraction line intensity (Imax) at 10.00°≤2θ≤50.00°, a strongest diffraction line intensity (IL2S) at 26.50°≤2θ≤27.50°, and an average value of diffraction line intensity (IBG) at 27.50°≤2θ≤29.00° satisfy a relationship R1=(IL2S−IBG) / (Imax−IBG)×100≥0.20; and (ii) internal electrodes that are placed between the multiple piezoelectric ceramic layers, and formed by a metal whose silver content is 80% by mass or higher.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of a barium strontium sulfate descaling agent, comprising the following steps: adding a prepared additive solution to a prepared chelating agent alkaline solution, fully mixing and dissolving the solution, and adjusting the pH to alkaline, thereby obtaining the barium strontium sulfate descaling agent. The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the preparation method of the present invention can significantly improve the descaling effect of the descaling agent on barium strontium sulfate scale, increase the contact area with metal ions, thereby improving the overall descaling effect, effectively destroying the formation of barium strontium sulfate scale, and the descaling agent still maintains a stable descaling effect under high temperature conditions, and has broad industrial application prospects. The chelating agent used not only has good metal ion chelating effect, can effectively complex barium, strontium ions, and destroy the formation of barium sulfate and strontium sulfate crystals, but also has the characteristics of being stable under high temperature and high pH value, being suitable for complex industrial conditions, and performing well in neutral and alkaline water, and is also more environmentally friendly.

The present invention discloses a crystalline aluminosilicate small-pore zeolite having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms, wherein the zeolite comprises copper, wherein the Cu: Al atomic ratio is between 0.12 and 0.55; and manganese, wherein the Mn: Cu atomic ratio is between 0.05 and 0.95; and a metal M, wherein M is selected from magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium, yttrium, titanium, zirconium, niobium, iron, zinc, silver, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium and mixtures thereof, and wherein the M: Cu atomic ratio is between 0.05 and 0.80; and wherein the sum of the atomic ratios of copper, manganese and the metal M to aluminum, (Cu+Mn+M): Al, is between 0.20 and 0.80; and wherein the zeolite comprises at least 2.5 wt.-% of copper, calculated as CuO and based on the total weight of the zeolite. Catalyst substrate monoliths comprising the crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite are also disclosed. These catalyst substrate monoliths can be used in a process for the removal of nitrogen oxides from combustion exhaust gases, and they can be part of emissions treatment systems.

The application relates to the technical field of barium titanate preparation, and discloses a preparation method of barium titanate powder, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding 15% ammonia water solution into a stirring tank, weighing a certain amount of TiCl4 and slowly dropping the TiCl4 into the stirring tank, continuously stirring for 1 h, and obtaining a titanium source solution; (2) adding pure water into a heatable stirring tank, continuously stirring, weighing a certain amount of Ba(OH)2.8H2O and putting the Ba(OH)2.8H2O into the stirring tank, heating and raising the temperature to 100 DEG C and keeping for 2 h, using 15% ammonia water solution to adjust the PH to 13.5, and obtaining a barium source solution; (3) slowly adding the titanium source solution into the barium source solution, then transferring the mixed solution into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, then adding a reaction regulator into the reaction kettle, collecting the solid after multiple washing and drying, and high-temperature calcining the solid, so as to obtain the barium titanate powder; and the application has the effect of improving the tetragonal phase content of the barium titanate powder.

A hydrogen production method includes the heating of a catalyst in a furnace under reducing conditions to a first temperature, exposing the catalyst to water at a second temperature, and forming oxygen and hydrogen by thermolysis of the water, where the catalyst may include a barium niobate-based perovskite structure having the chemical formula of Ba1−x(AE)xNb1−(y+z)(AE)yMzO3−δ wherein AE is an alkaline earth (AE) element and M is a metal. M may include a transition metal or a rare earth metal. AE may include Mg, Ca, Sr, or a combination thereof. AE may alternatively include K, Rb, Cs or a combination thereof. M may include Fe, Co, Ni, Y, Yb, W, Ta, Pr, or a combination thereof. M may include Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Zr, Mo, La, Ce, Sm, Gd, W or a combination thereof.

The invention discloses a barium-based B-site high-entropy perovskite type oxide and a preparation method thereof, the molecular formula of the barium-based B-site high-entropy perovskite type oxide is represented as ABO3, the A site is Ba element, the B site is at least five of Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Y and Zr element, the molar content of the A-site element is 50%, and the molar content range of the B-site element is 5%-20%; by optimizing the configuration entropy, the novel barium-based B-site high-entropy perovskite OER catalyst is prepared, and the OER activity and stability of perovskite are greatly improved. In devices such as an alkaline electrolytic bath and an anion exchange membrane electrolytic bath, the catalyst with high OER activity can effectively reduce the overpotential of electrolyzed water, and the oxygen production and hydrogen production cost of the electrolytic bath is greatly reduced.

Cathode and electrochemical cells are provided in which a barium, bismuth, or nickel additive is included to improve the stability of manganese dioxide at high voltages. The metal additives provided herein improve the performance of electrochemical cells.

The invention relates to the technical field of zinc hydrometallurgy, and discloses a method for rapidly determining the content of calcium, iron and barium in strontium carbonate by using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry), a strontium carbonate sample is directly dissolved by using dilute nitric acid, filtration is not needed, and the pretreatment process is simplified; meanwhile, by optimizing instrument parameters and analysis wavelength of ICP-AES, rapid, synchronous and accurate determination of three impurity elements of calcium, iron and barium is realized. The method is easy and convenient to operate, high in analysis speed, good in precision and high in accuracy, can meet the requirement for rapid monitoring of the strontium carbonate raw material quality in the zinc hydrometallurgy industry, and provides reliable technical support for optimizing lead removal process parameters, improving the cathode zinc quality and reducing the production cost.

The invention belongs to the technical field of co-crystallization molecular sieves, and discloses a Fe-Mn-ZSM5 / 11 barium slag based co-crystallization molecular sieve and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that S1, a barium slag acidification separation solution A containing ferric ions, aluminum ions and divalent manganese ions is prepared; s2, preparing a reaction solution B by using the silicon-containing barium slag; s3, preparing a low-sodium Fe-Mn-ZSM5 / 11 barium slag based co-crystallization molecular sieve; and S4, preparing the high iron and high manganese Fe-Mn-ZSM5 / 11 barium slag based co-crystallization molecular sieve. The high-iron high-manganese Fe-Mn-ZSM5 / 11 barium slag-based co-crystallization molecular sieve is prepared by taking the barium slag as a raw material and adopting a hydrothermal method, the recovery efficiency of barium is high, no additional pollution product is generated, the pollution of the barium slag to the environment is solved, and the resource waste is also reduced.

This invention discloses a gadolinium-containing rare earth composite inoculant for gray cast iron cylinder blocks. Its chemical composition and mass percentages are as follows: Si: 45-50%, RE: 4-12% (Gd: 20%, other rare earth elements: 80%), Cr: 4-12%, Mn: 3-9%, Ca: 0.5-1.0%, Ba: 2.0-3.0%, Al: 1-2%, Cu: 5%, with the balance being Fe. This inoculant incorporates rare earth elements, chromium, manganese, calcium, barium, and aluminum. On one hand, the RE element purifies the molten iron and inhibits rapid cooling; on the other hand, the interaction of these elements enhances the inoculation ability, promotes the formation of type A graphite, makes the graphite more curved and refined with blunted ends, refines and increases the pearlite content, reduces the pearlite lamellar spacing, and appropriately increases the eutectic cluster content. This improves the strength and stiffness of the gray cast iron, and enhances the cross-sectional sensitivity and machinability of the casting.

An oxide superconductor of an embodiment includes an oxide superconducting layer including a first superconducting region containing barium, copper, and a first rare earth element, having a continuous perovskite structure, and extending in a first direction, a second superconducting region containing barium, copper, and a second rare earth element, haying a continuous perovskite structure, and extending in the first direction, and a non-superconducting region disposed between the first and the second superconducting region, containing praseodymium, barium, copper, and a third rare earth element, a ratio of the number of atoms of the praseodymium to a sum of the number of atoms of the third rare earth element and the number of atoms of the praseodymium which is 20% or more, having a continuous perovskite structure continuous with the perovskite structure of the first superconducting region and the perovskite structure of the second superconducting region, and extending in the first direction.

An example method for etching a barium containing layer includes patterning the barium containing layer, the patterning including exposing the barium containing layer to a carbon based ligand gas, the carbon based ligand gas reacting with the barium containing layer to form a barium containing product, and removing the barium containing product.

The invention relates to the production of radiation-shielding zinc-barium-borosilicate glass materials, in particular for X-rays and / or gamma-rays and / or fast neutrons and the like, from readily available, low-cost and abundant available starting materials by means of uniquely designed glass compositions. Sodium oxide (Na2O), silicon dioxide (SiO2), boron oxide (B2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), barium oxide (BaO), zinc oxide (ZnO), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) and cerium oxide (CeO2) are used in particular, when mixed, a satisfactory and effective shielding effect against X-rays and / or gamma-rays and / or fast neutrons and the like is provided.