3379 results about "Pyrophosphate" patented technology

Disclosed herein are methods and apparatuses for sequencing a nucleic acid. In one aspect, the method includes annealing a population of circular nucleic acid molecules to a plurality of anchor primers linked to a solid support, and amplifying those members of the population of circular nucleic acid molecules which anneal to the target nucleic acid, and then sequencing the amplified molecules by detecting the presence of a sequence byproduct such as pyrophosphate.

The claimed invention provides for new sample preparation methods enabling direct sequencing of PCR products using pyrophosphate sequencing techniques. The PCR products may be specific regions of a genome. The techniques provided in this disclosure allows for SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) detection, classification, and assessment of individual allelic polymorphisms in one individual or a population of individuals. The results may be used for diagnostic and treatment of patients as well as assessment of viral and bacterial population identification.

Convenient techniques for discriminating the base type in a base sequence of a nucleic acid are provided. The technique includes the step (a) of preparing a sample solution containing a nucleic acid, a primer having a base sequence that includes a complementary binding region which complementarily binds to the nucleic acid, and a nucleotide; the step (b) of allowing the sample solution to stand under a condition to cause an extension reaction of the primer, and producing pyrophosphate when the extension reaction is caused; the step (c) of bringing the sample solution into contact with the front face of a H⁺ hardly permeable membrane having H⁺-pyrophosphatase, which penetrates from front to back of the membrane, of which active site that hydrolyzes pyrophosphate being exposed to the front face; the step (d) of measuring the H⁺ concentration of at least either one of the solution at the front face side of the H⁺ hardly permeable membrane or the solution at the back face side of the H⁺ hardly permeable membrane, in a state where the H⁺-pyrophosphatase is immersed in the solution; the step (e) of detecting the extension reaction on the basis of the result of measurement in the step (d) ; and the step (f) of discriminating the base type in the base sequence of the nucleic acid on the basis of the result of detection in the step (e).

A novel coordination complex formed by dinuclear metal complexation is provided. The complex is a dinuclear metal complex of a compound, wherein the compound comprises a conjugation ring system substituted with: a) an electron donating group selected from —OH, —SH and —NH₂; b) an indicating group selected from a chromogenic group, a fluorescent group and an electrochemical group; and c) two binding auxiliary groups, in combination with the electron donating group each of which being coordinated with the metal to provide an anion bonding site, wherein as the complex binds to a anion, the coordination of the electron donating group with the metal is weakened and electron donation of the electron donating group to the conjugation ring system is reinforced such that the reinforced electron donation by the electron donating group is transferred through the conjugation ring system to the indicating group to produce an indicating signal concomitant with the change of its electronic density. The coordination complex shows high sensitivity and high selectivity for pyrophosphate over other anions in an aqueous solvent over a wide pH range. Therefore, the complex is useful for pyrophosphate assay as a pyrophosphate sensor.

There is provided white light illumination system including a radiation source, a first luminescent material having a peak emission wavelength of about 575 to about 620 nm, a second luminescent material having a peak emission wavelength of about 495 to about 550 nm, which is different from the first luminescent material and a third luminescent material having a peak emission wavelength of about 420 to about 480 nm, which is different from the first and second luminescent materials. The LED may be a UV LED and the luminescent materials may be a blend of three or four phosphors. The first phosphor may be an orange emitting Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺ activated strontium pyrophosphate, Sr₂P₂O₇:Eu²⁺, Mn²⁺. The second phosphor may be a blue-green emitting Eu²⁺ activated barium silicate, (Ba,Sr,Ca)₂SiO₄:Eu²⁺. The third phosphor may be a blue emitting SECA phosphor, (Sr,Ba,Ca)₅(PO₄)₃Cl:Eu²⁺. Optionally, the fourth phosphor may be a red emitting Mn⁴⁺ activated magnesium fluorogermanate, 3.5MgO*0.5MgF₂*GeO₂:Mn⁴⁺. A human observer perceives the combination of the orange, blue-green, blue and/or red phosphor emissions as white light.

The current invention provides polypeptides and polypeptide conjugates that include an exogenous N-linked glycosylation sequence. The N-linked glycosylation sequence is preferably a substrate for an oligosaccharyltransferase (e.g., bacterial PgIB), which can catalyze the transfer of a glycosyl moiety from a lipid-bound glycosyl donor molecule (e.g., a lipid-pyrophosphate-linked glycosyl moiety) to an asparagine (N) residue of the glycosylation sequence. In one example, the asparagine residue is part of an exogenous N-linked glycosylation sequence of the invention. The invention further provides methods of making the polypeptide conjugates that include contacting a polypeptide having an N-linked glycosylation sequence of the invention and a lipid-pyrophosphate-linked glycosyl moiety (or phospholipid-linked glycosyl moiety) in the presence of an oligosaccharyltransferase under conditions sufficient for the enzyme to transfer the glycosyl moiety to an asparagine residue of the N-linked glycosylation sequence. Exemplary glycosyl moieties that can be conjugated to the glycosylation sequence include GlcNAc, GlcNH, bacillosamine, 6-hydroybacillosamine, GalNAc, GaINH, GlcNAc-GlcNAc, GlcNAc-GlcNH, GlcNAc-Gal, GlcNAc-GlcNAc-Gal-Sia, GlcNAc-Gal-Sia, GlcNAc-GlcNAc-Man, and GlcNAc-GlcNAc-Man(Man)2. The transferred glycosyl moiety is optionally modified with a modifying group, such as a polymer (e.g., PEG). In one example, the modified glycosyl moiety is a GIcNAc or a sialic acid moiety.

A flame retardant thermoplastic composition comprises: a poly(arylene ether); an impact modifier; a polyolefin; a phosphoric acid salt selected from the group consisting of melamine phosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine orthophosphate, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid amide, melamine polyphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, polyphosphoric acid amide, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing; a metal hydroxide; and an organic phosphate wherein the amount of phosphoric acid salt by weight is greater than or equal to the amount of organic phosphate by weight. The flame retardant composition is may be used in the production of electrical wires.

Disclosed are methods for suppressing the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase in a cell comprising contacting said cell with an effective amount of at least one induction suppressor of inducible nitric oxide synthase or a cytokine are disclosed. The induction suppressor can be an inhibitor of mevalonate synthesis, an inhibitor of the farnesylation of Ras, an antioxidant, an enhancer of intracellular cAMP, an enhancer of protein kinase A (PKA), an inhibitor of NF-kβ activation, an inhibitor of Ras/Raf/MAP kinase pathway, an inhibitor of mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase or an inhibitor of farnesyl pyrophosphate.

A flame retardant thermoplastic composition comprising a poly(arylene ether), a block copolymer, a liquid polyolefin, and a flame retardant additive composition. The flame retardant additive composition comprises a metal hydroxide, an organic phosphate, and a phosphoric acid salt selected from the group consisting of melamine phosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine orthophosphate, melem polyphosphate, melam polyphosphate, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid amide, melamine polyphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, polyphosphoric acid amide, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing. The block copolymer comprises a block that is a controlled distribution copolymer having terminal regions that are rich in alkylene units and a center region that is rich in aryl alkylene units. The flame retardant composition may be used in the production of covered conductors.

Addition of base improves the homogeneity of aqueous copper amine complex preservatives injected into wood. The base includes at least a portion of alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal borates, and/or alkali metal pyrophosphates, the corrosivity of the composition to steel and galvanized steel is reduced, and the leach rate of the copper from the wood is also reduced.

The invention discloses a method for producing a flame-retardant veneer plywood, which comprises the following steps: placing wood veneers into a flame retardant aqueous solution to perform dipping treatment, applying the mixed adhesive to the upper surfaces and the lower surfaces of the veneers after the veneers are dried, assembling the veneers into a plate blank according to the principle that odd layers are crossed and symmetrical with even layers, and then performing the processes of cold pressing, hot pressing, cutting edge, sanding, surface treating and the like to obtain the flame-retardant veneer plywood product the thickness of which is between 2.7 and 20 millimeters. The flame retardant in the method is a mixture of low ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium pyrophosphate, urea phosphate, boric acid and pentaerythritol, and the mixed adhesive is a uniform mixture of wood adhesive, filler, and a curing agent. The flame-retardant decorative veneer plywood prepared by the method has the advantages of excellent flame-retardant and fireproof performance, environmental prevention performance, and good mechanical properties.

The invention relates to a phase-change energy-storage material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75%-99% of an energy storage main body material, 0.1%-10% of a thickening agent, 0.2%-15% of a nucleating agent and 0.01%-8% of a reinforcing material, wherein the energy storage main body material comprises crystal water and salt; the thickening agent comprises one or more of an inorganic thickening agent, fibers, polyacrylates, polyurethanes and a natural polymer thickening agent; the nucleating agent comprises one or more of sodium pyrophosphate, sodium phosphate decahydrate, calcium sulfate dihydrate, potassium sulfate, potassium borate, barium hydroxide octahydrate, sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate and sodium sulfate; the reinforcing material comprises one or more of metal and metal oxide powder, carbon materials, nanoparticles and foam materials. By selecting proper materials and ratio, the supercooling degree and the phase separation phenomenon are reduced and good circulating stability is achieved; especially the reinforcing material is added into a system to form a heat-conducting network so as to improve the heat conductivity of the material by more than two times.

A thermal interface material comprises a polymeric elastomer material, a thermally conductive filler, and a coupling agent, along with other optional components. In one exemplary heat transfer material, a coupling agent having the formula:

The present invention is directed to variant squalene synthase enzymes, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae squalene synthase enzymes, and to nucleic acid molecules encoding these variant enzymes. These variant enzymes produce squalene at a lower rate than the wild-type enzyme, allowing more farnesyl pyrophosphate to be utilized for production of isoprenoid compounds, while still producing sufficient squalene to allow the S. cerevisiae cells to grow without the requirement for supplementation by sterols such as ergosterol. These variant enzymes, therefore, are highly suitable for the efficient production of isoprenoids.

The present invention is directed to a method of reducing intraocular pressure. The method comprises administering to a subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a nucleoside 5′-pyrophosphate pyranoside or analogue, which is defined by general Formula I. The method of the present invention is useful in the treatment or prevention of ocular hypertension, such as found in glaucoma, including primary and secondary glaucoma. The method can be used alone to reduce intraocular pressure. The method can also be used in conjunction with another therapeutic agent or adjunctive therapy commonly used to treat glaucoma to enhance the therapeutic effect of reducing the intraocular pressure. The present invention also provides a novel composition comprising a nucleoside 5′-pyrophosphate pyranoside or analogue.

The invention discloses a teeth-cleaning whitening toothpaste composition, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.6 to 1.5 percent of phytate, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of pyrophosphate, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of nitrate, 0.4 to 1.2 percent of mono-fluor phosphate, and the balance of toothpaste matrix and deionized water. The components of the teeth-cleaning whitening toothpaste composition are compounded together and have synergistic action to obtain the teeth-cleaning whitening effect, and experiments prove that the teeth-cleaning whitening toothpaste composition has a good function of removing phonotypic and endogenous stains of teeth, and simultaneously generates no hyperesthesia in the process of cleaning the teeth and can repair the teeth surfaces.

A compact includes a mixture of a solid binder and at least one nanopowder phosphor chosen from yttrium oxide, yttrium tantalate, barium fluoride, cesium fluoride, bismuth germanate, zinc gallate, calcium magnesium pyrosilicate, calcium molybdate, calcium chlorovanadate, barium titanium pyrophosphate, a metal tungstate, a cerium doped nanophosphor, a bismuth doped nanophosphor, a lead doped nanophosphor, a thallium doped sodium iodide, a doped cesium iodide, a rare earth doped pyrosilicate, or a lanthanide halide. The compact can be used in a radiation detector for detecting ionizing radiation.

A flame retardant additive composition comprising a phosphoric acid salt selected from the group consisting of melamine phosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine orthophosphate, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid amide, melamine polyphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, polyphosphoric acid amide and combinations of two or more of the foregoing; a metal hydroxide; and an organic phosphate. The flame retardant additive is useful in a wide range of thermoplastic compositions.

The invention relates to toothpaste including radix notoginseng and propolis and a preparation method thereof. The toothpaste comprises the following raw materials according to percentage by weight: 0.1-1.5% of radix notoginseng extract, 0.03-3.2% of propolis powder, 25-46% of natural calcium carbonate, 5-15% of silica, 3-20% of glycerol, -4001-10% of polyethylene glycol, 0.2-1.0% of sodium pyrophosphate, 0.2-1.5% of xanthan gum, 0.1-1.5% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3-25% of sorbic alcohol, 0.1-1% of saccharin sodium salt, 1-5% of lauryl sodium sulphate, 0.05-0.5% of sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.02-2% of sodium propylparaben, 0.3-3% of essence, 0.01-0.3% of triclosan, 0.05-2% of zinc citrate, and the balance of water. The natural nursing toothpaste including the radix notoginseng extract has obvious curative effects on gingivitis, bleeding gums, dental ulcer and the like. The propolis has the functions of diminishing inflammation, easing pain and stopping bleeding. The radix notoginseng and the propolis are used in the toothpaste at the same time so that the toothpaste has more obvious effects for stopping pain and resisting gingivitis, bleeding gums and pain.

The invention relates to a combinational electroplating process on a magnesium alloy motorcycle wheel nave by adopting a non-cyanide and chrome free pre-plating treatment solution, electronickelling and pyrophosphate copper are adopted as dual-layer bottoming coat, then Cu/Ni/Cr combinational coat electroplating is performed, to obtain the Cu/Ni/Cr combinational metal coat with high corrosion resistance on the surface of the magnesium alloy motorcycle wheel nave. The binding force of the metal coat obtained on the surface of the magnesium alloy motorcycle wheel nave by adopting the process is strong, the corrosion resistance is high, and the combinational electroplating process has the prominent advantages that the personnel health is safeguarded, and the environmental pollution is avoided.