609 results about "Arylene" patented technology

To provide a compound capable of improving the emission efficiency of an organic electroluminescent device.SOLUTION: The invention provides a compound represented by the formula (2), where: Ar2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6-50 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5-50 ring-forming atoms; L2 is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6-50 ring-forming carbon atoms, or a divalent substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5-50 ring-forming atoms; and D21 is a group represented by the formula (20) in the figure.SELECTED DRAWING: None

A novel compound of Chemical Formula 1:wherein in the Chemical Formula 1: n is an integer of 1 to 6; X is O or S; L1 and L2 are each independently a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted C2-60 heteroarylene containing at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O, S, Si, P and B; Ar1 is cyano, substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C2-60 heteroaryl containing at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O, S, Si, P and B; and Ar2 and Ar3 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl or substituted or unsubstituted C2-60 heteroaryl containing at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O, S, Si, P and B; and an organic light emitting device including the same.

The invention discloses an organic compound containing phenanthrene benzofuran, and an organic electroluminescent device, a display device and a lighting device comprising the same. The structural general formula of the organic compound is as shown in formula I; wherein L1 and L2 each independently represent any one of a single bond and an arylene group with a carbon atom number of C6-C12; ar1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having a carbon atom number of C6-C60; ar2 represents a group represented by formula II, and ring A represents phenanthryl. By introducing a phenanthrene benzofuran substituent substituted by a specific site into the structure, the molecular high-energy linear state energy level can be adjusted while the molecular polarity is adjusted, and the carrier injection and energy level difference are improved, so that the internal quantum efficiency of the material is improved. And the phenanthrene benzofuran substituent at the specific site and anthryl present a rigid structure, which is beneficial for ordered arrangement of molecules according to a certain orientation, so that the light extraction efficiency is improved, and the device performance can be significantly improved. I; iI

The invention discloses a crown ether grafted polyarylether sulfone ion separation membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ion separation membranes, collaborative optimization is realized through crown ether accurate grafting and ultrathin ordered membrane formation: a main chain of polyarylether sulfone is grafted with 4 '-aminobenzo-12-crown-4 to form an inherent channel adapted to Li, and the specific surface area of the main chain is increased; the ultrathin film is prepared by a water surface spreading method, and the ion transmission path is shortened. Finally, in a LiCl / MgCl system, Liion flux has high selectivity, high permeation-high selectivity cooperation is preliminarily realized, the chemical synthesis step can be amplified to a kilogram level, and after a DPAES-g-CE / dichloromethane solution is dropwise added to the water surface, the DPAES-g-CE / dichloromethane solution is rapidly spread to form a film without precise equipment; the raw materials are industrial-grade monomers and have no toxic residues, the membrane can be recycled and reused through dichloromethane, the equipment cost is reduced by about 90%, and industrialization is easy; the main chain of the polyaryl ether sulfone is high in rigidity and resistant to high temperature and chemical corrosion; crown ether grafting avoids molecular chain agglomeration, and the swelling rate is far lower than that of a traditional sulfonated membrane.

A polycarbonate resin including a unit of Chemical Formula 1 and a unit of Chemical Formula 2, a method for preparing the same, a polycarbonate resin composition including the same, and a molded article are disclosed herein:Ar1 and Ar2 are independently an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group, R1 is hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a silyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group, R2 and R3 are different from each other, r1 is 1 or 2, r2 and r3 are each an integer from 1 to 4, L1 and L2 are independently an arylene group, X1 to X8 are independently O or S, Z1 to Z4 are independently an alkylene group, or a cycloalkylene group, and a, b, c and d are independently an integer from 1 to 10.

The invention belongs to the field of shape memory of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to an amino side chain cross-linked shape memory polyarylene ether nitrile composite material as well as a preparation method and application of the amino side chain cross-linked shape memory polyarylene ether nitrile composite material. The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps: in an inert gas atmosphere, enabling a monomer containing a bisphenol group, 2, 2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, a water-carrying agent, an organic solvent, 2, 6-dihalobenzonitrile and a salt-forming agent to form a reaction system, so as to prepare a polyarylene ether nitrile copolymer with an amino side chain; and adding the obtained poly (arylene ether nitrile) copolymer and a monomer containing a terminal carboxyl group into an N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, adding a dehydrating agent, uniformly stirring to obtain a blend, stirring at 40-60 DEG C to enable the amino group and the carboxyl group to be subjected to dehydration, polycondensation and cross-linking, and synthesizing the shape memory poly (arylene ether nitrile) composite material with amino side chain cross-linking. The composite material has good mechanical properties and thermal stability, and also has a toughening function.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting element having excellent luminous efficiency and durability life. The present invention is a compound represented by general formula (1). (In general formula (1), R1, R2, and R5 to R8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group. And R3 and R4 each represents a carbon atom having a substituent. R3 and R4 may be bonded to each other. And L is an unsubstituted arylene group with the carbon atom number of 6-20. > # imgabs0 #

The invention provides alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation method of the alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether comprises the following steps: washing a dihydroxy-terminated polyarylene ether reaction solution with an alcohol-water solution, taking an organic phase, mixing the organic phase with a catalyst and an end-capping modifier for reaction, and obtaining the alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether. And preparing the alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether. Compared with the prior art, the alkenyl-modified polyarylene ether has the advantages that terminal group modification is directly carried out on the double-terminal hydroxyl polyarylene ether reaction liquid washed by alcohol water, the prepared alkenyl-modified polyarylene ether has better performance, the content of active groups (double bonds) is higher and reaches 1.8-2.1 mmol / g, the residual quantity of polar small molecular substances such as monohydric phenol, dihydric phenol, quinone and amine is lower, the curing and crosslinking density with other resins is higher, and the curing and crosslinking performance is better. And the prepared copper-clad plate has better thermal performance and electrical performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric materials, and relates to a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound and an organic electroluminescent element containing the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound. The compound has a structure represented by formula (1): wherein L is selected from a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 arylene group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C60 heteroarylene group, o is an integer from 1 to 3, and when o is 2 or greater, L are the same as or different from each other. The organic electroluminescent element prepared from the compound has higher current efficiency and longer service life, and can be used as an N-type charge generation layer material for preparing the organic electroluminescent element.

The invention relates to the related field of alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to a cobalt manganese oxide catalyst-nonporous anion exchange membrane composite system stable in high-temperature alkaline environment, which comprises a cobalt manganese oxide nanosheet and a quaternized polyarylene ether nitrile nonporous membrane, the metal molar ratio of Co to Mn of the cobalt manganese oxide is 1: 1-3: 1, and the metal molar ratio of the cobalt manganese oxide nanosheet to the quaternized polyarylene ether nitrile nonporous membrane is 1: 1-3: 1. After acid etching, the oxygen vacancy concentration is 0.2-0.5 mmol / g, and the specific surface area is 120-180m < 2 > / g; the quaternization degree of the non-porous membrane is 70-90%, the conductivity at 80 DEG C is greater than or equal to 100mS / cm, and the swelling rate in 10MKOH is 1t; 5%. According to oxygen vacancies (0.2-0.5 mmol / g) and high specific surface area (120-180 m < 2 > / g) formed after cobalt manganese oxide in the composite system is subjected to acid etching, the number of catalytic active sites is remarkably increased, an electronic structure (for example, the ratio of Co < 3 + > is increased) is optimized, the OER overpotential is as low as 210-230 mV under 10 mA / cm < 2 >, the Tafel slope is smaller than or equal to 38 mV / dec, and the charge transfer resistance is smaller than or equal to 20 omega, which are far superior to those of an unetched catalyst and a traditional system; and the water electrolysis oxygen evolution reaction rate is accelerated.

This reactive silicon group-containing organopolysiloxane, which contains, per molecule thereof, one group represented by structural formula (1) and bonded to a silicon atom at the end of a linear organopolysiloxane, forms a film having excellent water repellency, water sliding properties, and durability. (In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10 aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group, or a C6-C10 aryl group, R3s each independently represent a C1-C10 aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group or a C6-C10 aryl group, Z represents an oxygen atom, a C2-C12 alkylene group, or a C8-C12 alkylene arylene group, and a line with a wavy line represents a bond.)

The present disclosure relates to a compound, an organic electroluminescent material, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. The compound is represented by the following Formula 1: wherein X1 and Y1 each independently represent-N =,-NR10-,-O-, or-S-; with the proviso that at least one of X1 and Y1 is-N =, the other of X1 and Y1 is-NR10-,-O-or-S-; r1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) aryl group or a 3-to 30-membered heteroaryl group; r2 to R10 each independently represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30) alkyl group, or the like; at least one of R2 to R9 is-L1-N (Ar3) (Ar4), at least one other is a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) aryl group or a 3 to 30 membered heteroaryl group; l1 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) arylene group, or a 3-to 30-membered heteroarylene group; ar3 and Ar4 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) aryl group or a 3-to 30-membered heteroaryl group. The present disclosure provides an organic electroluminescent device having low driving voltage and / or high luminous efficiency and / or long lifetime characteristics. # imgabs0 #

The invention discloses a polyarylene ether nitrile nanofiber membrane and a preparation method of the polyarylene ether nitrile nanofiber membrane through double-solvent synergistic electrostatic spinning, and relates to the field of high polymer material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: preparing two electrostatic spinning solutions with obvious volatilization rate and dissolution parameter difference, and alternately depositing two types of fibers on a collecting surface by adopting dual-channel synergistic electrostatic spinning; in the deposition and drying process, chain segments at fiber cross points are induced to swell, mutually diffuse and cure in situ to form bonding points by utilizing the poor evaporation rate of a high / low volatile solvent and the poor solvent-polymer compatibility, so that the self-densification and the structure stabilization of the nanofiber membrane are realized. The obtained nanofiber membrane has high-density in-situ bonding points and remarkably improved mechanical properties, does not need additional post-treatment such as hot pressing or solvent spraying, and is suitable for application such as interlayer reinforcement and interface toughening of composite materials. The process has continuity and controllability, and the density and mechanical properties of the membrane body can be customized by adjusting a solvent system and spinning parameters.

The invention provides a composite anion exchange membrane and a preparation method thereof. The composite anion exchange membrane comprises a polyaryl piperidine polymer and a polyvinyl alcohol polymer, the structural general formula of the composite anion exchange membrane is shown in the specification, x represents the degree of polymerization, and the value range of x is 10-1000; and Ar is selected from any one of arylene groups of C12 to C40. Due to the introduction of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer, the mechanical strength of the composite anion-exchange membrane is remarkably enhanced, the integrity and functionality of the composite anion-exchange membrane can be kept under the action of high-pressure or high-strength mechanical stress, and the common physical damage problem of a traditional anion-exchange membrane in the operation process is avoided. Therefore, the composite anion exchange membrane not only has higher ion exchange capacity, but also has additional mechanical property improvement through the synergistic effect of the polyaryl piperidine polymer and the polyvinyl alcohol polymer.

The present invention relates to the field of cationic polymers, and in particular, to highly alkali-stable poly(arylene alkylene piperidinium) cationic polymers and preparation methods and applications. The preparation method for the highly alkali-stable poly(arylene alkylene piperidinium) cationic polymers includes the following steps: performing catalytic polycondensation on 1-R6-piperidine-3-carboxaldehyde or a salt or hydrate thereof and an aromatic compound to obtain a polymer having a piperidine moiety; and then further subjecting the polymer to a quaternization reaction to obtain the poly(arylene alkylene piperidinium) cationic polymer. The anion exchange membranes prepared from the piperidinium-based cationic polymers have ultra-high alkaline stability and excellent mechanical properties and ionic conductivities, and can be applied to the fields of electrochemical energy conversion such as fuel cells, hydrogen production by water electrolysis, electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, flow batteries, and fields of separation such as electrodialysis and water treatment.

A novel compound of Chemical Formula 1:wherein: Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-60 heteroaryl containing at least one selected from the group consisting of N, O and S; Ar3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl; L is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 arylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-60 heteroarylene containing at least one selected from the group consisting of N, O and S; R1 to R8 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl, wherein any one of R1 to R8 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and at least one of the rest is deuterium; R9 is hydrogen or deuterium; and n is an integer of 1 to 3; and an organic light emitting device including the same.

The present invention relates to 1-alkyl-5-arylidene-2-selenoxoimidazolidine-4-ons and derivatives thereof, a method for producing the same, and a composition for prevention, improvement or treatment of neurodegenerative disease containing the same. Specifically, 1-alkyl-5-arylidene-2-selenoxoimidazolidine-4-ons and derivatives thereof, which are novel compounds of the present invention, can be used as an excellent composition for prevention, improvement or treatment of neurodegenerative disease.

The invention provides a resin composition which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of a compound A, 10-50 parts of a prepolymer B and 0.05-0.2 part of an accelerant, wherein the compound A has at least one group shown in the following formula (1): # imgabs0 #; wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an arylene group or an aryl group; the number average molecular weight of the compound A is 100 to 7000; and the prepolymer B is obtained by prepolymerizing acenaphthylene or derivatives of acenaphthylene under the action of an initiator. The invention also provides a preparation method of the resin composition. The invention also provides an application of the resin composition.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric materials, and particularly relates to a benzimidazole derivative and an organic electroluminescent element containing the same. The benzimidazole derivative has a structure # imgabs0 # as shown in a formula (1), wherein at least one of L1 and L2 is selected from substituted or unsubstituted N-containing heteroarylene with the ring atom number of 6-30, the other one which is not the N-containing heteroarylene is selected from a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted arylene with the ring atom number of 6-30 and substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene with the ring atom number of 5-30, and the other one is selected from a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted arylene with the ring atom number of 6-30 and substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene with the ring atom number of 5-30. Ar1 and Ar2 are respectively and independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl with the ring atom number of 6-30, and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with the ring atom number of 5-30.

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a polymer film including a polymer obtained by polymerizing a compound having the general formula I: X1 mR13-mSi-R3-(R52Si-O) n-Si-R4-SiX2pR2-pI wherein each of X1 and X2 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an organic or inorganic hydrolysable group; each R1 and R2 is independently selected from the group of hydrocarbyl residues; each R3 and R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms; each R5 is selected from alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and phenyl; n is an integer from 1 to 5; m is an integer from 1 to 3; and p is an integer from 1 to 3. The polymer films are useful as low dielectric constant films in semiconductor devices, in particular as barrier layers filling gaps between metal interconnects.

The invention provides a metal organic framework compound and a preparation method thereof, a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method thereof, a power generation device and a power utilization device. The repeating unit of the metal organic framework compound is represented by the following formula (I). M represents a metal center and comprises at least one of Pb, Sn, Ni, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and Cr; x comprises halogen; l represents an organic ligand comprising at least one of deprotonated compounds represented by formula (II) or formula (III). In the formula (II) and the formula (III), R1 and R2 respectively and independently comprise at least one of substituted or unsubstituted six-membered to fourteen-membered arylene and substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkylene; r comprises at least one of H and C1-C6 alkyl groups. [(M2X3) (L) 2]. [(R) 2NH2] 3 (I) HOOC-R1-COOH (II) # imgabs0 #

The invention relates to the field of polymer functional membrane materials, and particularly provides a composite sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile sulfone proton exchange membrane and a preparation method thereof. Sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile sulfone) is synthesized through nucleophilic substitution reaction, and the sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile sulfone) and sulfonated cobalt phthalocyanine are subjected to blending and casting to form a membrane, so that the provided composite sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile sulfone) proton exchange resin contains a sulfonic acid structural unit, a sulfone structural unit, a polar cyano group and a phthalocyanine structural unit; the problem that an existing proton exchange membrane is low in sulfonation degree and proton conductivity can be solved, and the proton exchange membrane has the advantages of being high in structural stability, good in mechanical property, excellent in thermal stability and high in safety. The introduction of sulfonated cobalt phthalocyanine can effectively improve the internal structure of the sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile sulfone proton exchange membrane, promote the conduction rate of water molecules in the membrane, and further improve the proton conductivity of the sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile sulfone proton exchange membrane. In addition, the manufacturing process is green and simple, the compounding cost is low, and the application prospect is very wide.

A compatibilized polyamide-poly(arylene ether) composition is the product of melt-blending particular amounts of a virgin polyamide, a second polyamide, a poly(arylene ether), an impact modifier, and a compatibilizing agent. The second polyamide includes an upcycled polyamide or a post-industrial recycled polyamide, preferably a post-industrial mechanically recycled polyamide, and has an amine end group concentration that is less than or equal to an amine end group concentration of the virgin polyamide. The compositions can provide a desirable combination of properties. Methods for the manufacture of the compositions and articles comprising the compositions are also described.

Provided is a poly(arylene sulfide) resin composition which, during recycling, can be inhibited from forming burrs. The poly(arylene sulfide) resin composition (X) for recycle materials comprises (A) 100 parts by mass of a linear poly(arylene sulfide) resin having a carboxy group and (B) 0.3-10 parts by mass of an alkoxysilane compound.

A lens includes an optical polymer represented by:where R1 to R3 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, or organic group comprising any one selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C60 cycloalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 aryl group, and substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 heteroaryl group having at least one hetero atom selected from group consisting of N, O, and S, A1 is a single bond, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom, A2 is an oxygen atom or sulfur atom, B1 and B2 are each independently a single bond or an organic group represented by -al-D-al-, and n represents an integer of 5 or more and 500 or less, where al is a C1-C8 alkylene group, and D is —S(═O)2—X—, —X—S(═O)2—, —S(═O)2—X—S(═O)2—, —C(═O)—X—, —X—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—X—C(═O)—, carbonyl, alkenylene, alkynylene, ester, or ether, where X is a C6-C60 arylene group.

This invention belongs to the field of semiconductor packaging, and provides a photosensitive resin, its preparation method, and a photosensitive resin composition. The photosensitive resin is formed by an electrophilic substitution reaction of a phenolic prepolymer and an electrophilic reagent. The phenolic prepolymer is formed by a polycondensation reaction of monomer I (structure shown in Formula 1) and monomer II (structure shown in Formula 2), wherein m and n independently represent 1 or 2, and Ar is an aryl group with 6 to 18 carbon atoms. When this resin is applied to a photosensitive resin composition, the cured material formed by the composition possesses good etching resistance, mechanical properties, and high thermal stability.

Disclosed herein are multilayer composite laminates comprising continuous fibers and a polymer matrix comprising a poly(arylene sulfide) (PAS) polymer, a polyetherimide (PEI) polymer, and a polyamide-imide (PAI) polymer.

The invention belongs to the field of polymer chemistry, and relates to a metal complex, a catalytic system and application thereof, and polypropylene carbonate and a preparation method thereof. The structure of the metal complex is as shown in formula (I): # imgabs0 #, wherein M is a trivalent metal ion; y is a monovalent acid radical ion; r1 is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene group or arylene group of C5-C12; r2 is H or alkyl of C1-C6; and R3 is an alkylene group of C1 to C10. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages that the Salen metal complex with a novel phenothiazine structure is adopted as a main catalyst to efficiently catalyze copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxide to prepare the polypropylene carbonate, and the obtained polypropylene carbonate has the characteristics of high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution.

The application discloses a kind of tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives and its photocatalytic synthesis method, belong to organic synthesis technical field, 2-arylene phenyl isonitrile compound, cyclopropyl aniline compound and photocatalyst are added to solvent, after photocatalytic reaction, again separation and purification, obtain tetrahydrocarbazole derivative.This method is more simple compared with the method for using no tetrahydrocarbazole synthesis N-substituted tetrahydrocarbazole derivative, and no additional various additives in reaction, the atomic utilization rate of cyclopropyl aniline compound and 2-arylene phenyl isonitrile compound reaches 100%, reflects atomic economy, raw material is cheap and easy to obtain, reaction cost is low, and environment friendly;It is easy to operate, and target product can be efficiently obtained.The photocatalytic synthesis method of the tetrahydrocarbazole derivative is good in universality of raw material, and raw material is widely sourced, under optimized reaction condition, target product is easy to separate, and has potential application value in material and pharmaceutical field.

A composition comprising a compound represented by formula (I) and a compound represented by formula (II): #imgabs0#R 1 ~R 6 Each independently represents H, halogen, cyano, nitro, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C30 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 arylamino, or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C30 heteroarylamino, R 1 ~R 6 The number of each is independently an integer greater than 1; 3 Optionally fused with the connected benzene ring to form a naphthalene ring structure, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 Each is independently a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroarylene group; Ar 1 、Ar 2 、Ar 3 Each is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C20 arylamino group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 heteroarylamino group, at least one of which is an electron-deficient group.