13342 results about "High selectivity" patented technology

A process for producing an oxime is provided, wherein the process comprises the step of reacting a ketone, hydrogen peroxide and ammonia in the presence of a crystalline titanosilicate having MWW structure under the condition that the ammonia concentration in the liquid portion of the reaction mixture is about 1% by weight or more. By the process, an ammoximation reaction of the ketone can be carried out with a high conversion of the ketone and a high selectivity to the oxime corresponding to the ketone, thereby producing the oxime with a high yield.

Disclosed are processes for the production of fluorinated olefins, preferably adapted to commercialization of CF3CF═CH2 (1234yf). Three steps may be used in preferred embodiments in which a feedstock such as CCl2═CClCH2Cl (which may be purchased or synthesized from 1,2,3-trichloropropane) is fluorinated (preferably with HF in gas-phase in the presence of a catalyst) to synthesize a compound such as CF3CCl═CH2, preferably in a 80-96% selectivity. The CF3CCl═CH2 is preferably converted to CF3CFClCH3 (244-isomer) using a SbCl5 as the catalyst which is then transformed selectively to 1234yf, preferably in a gas-phase catalytic reaction using activated carbon as the catalyst. For the first step, a mixture of Cr2O3 and FeCl3 / C is preferably used as the catalyst to achieve high selectivity to CF3CCl═CH2 (96%). In the second step, SbCl5 / C is preferably used as the selective catalyst for transforming 1233xf to 244-isomer, CF3CFClCH3. The intermediates are preferably isolated and purified by distillation and used in the next step without further purification, preferably to a purity level of greater than about 95%.

A method for removing an oxide layer such as a natural oxide layer and a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus which uses the method to remove the oxide layer. A vertically movable susceptor is installed at the lower portion in a processing chamber and a silicon wafer is loaded onto the susceptor when it is at the lower portion of the processing chamber. The air is exhausted from the processing chamber to form a vacuum condition therein. A hydrogen gas in a plasma state and a fluorine-containing gas are supplied into the processing chamber to induce a chemical reaction with the oxide layer on the silicon wafer, resulting in a reaction layer. Then, the susceptor is moved up to the upper portion of the processing chamber, to anneal the silicon wafer on the susceptor with a heater installed at the upper portion of the processing chamber, thus vaporizing the reaction layer. The vaporized reaction layer is exhausted out of the chamber. The oxide layer can be removed with a high selectivity while avoiding damage or contamination of the underlying layer.

The invention discloses and belongs to the chemical equipment field, which more particularly relates to a C1-C2 hydrocarbon or methanol aromatization and catalyst regeneration fluidized bed device (comprising an aromatization fluidized bed, a catalyst continuous regeneration fluidized bed, a pipeline used for catalyst transportation and a solid transportation device which are arranged between the two fluidized beds), and an aromatization catalyst which is suitable for the fluidized bed operations and the operation methods of aromatization reaction, catalyst regeneration and the device. The device, the catalyst and the method are used for regulating the coking status of the catalyst in an aromatization reactor at any time, thus achieving the aim of transforming the C1-C2 hydrocarbon or the methanol continuously and efficiently and generating aromatics with high selectivity. The C1-C2 hydrocarbon or methanol aromatization and catalyst regeneration fluidized bed device of the invention with adjustable catalyst activity and selectivity can improve the purity and yield of the aromatics, can lead the aromatization reactor operates continuously without stopping at the same time, can improve the strength of aromatics production, and lower the operation cost of the catalyst regeneration when stopping and restarting the whole system.

Methods for forming an ultra thin structure. The method includes a polymer deposition and etching process. In one embodiment, the methods may be utilized to form fabricate submicron structure having a critical dimension less than 30 nm and beyond. The method further includes a multiple etching processes. The processes may be varied to meet different process requirements. In one embodiment, the process gently etches the substrate while shrinking critical dimension of the structures formed within the substrate. The dimension of the structures may be shank by coating a photoresist like polymer to sidewalls of the formed structure, but substantially no polymer accumulation on the bottom surface of the formed structure on the substrate. The embodiments described herein also provide high selectivity in between each layers formed on the substrate during the fabricating process and preserving a good control of profile formed within the structure.

Alpha-olefins are manufactured in high yield and with very high selectivity by contacting ethylene with an iron complex of a selected 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde bisimine or a selected 2,6-diacylpyridine bisimine, and in some cases a selected activator compound such as an alkyl aluminum compound. Novel bisimines and their iron complexes are also disclosed. The alpha -olefins are useful as monomers and chemical intermediates.

The present invention provides an anti-reflective Si-Rich Silicon oxynitride (SiON) etch barrier layer and two compatible oxide etch processes. The Si-Rich Silicon oxynitride (SiON) etch barrier layer can be used as a hard mask in a dual damascene structure and as a hard mask for over a polysilicone gate. The invention has the following key elements: 1) Si rich Silicon oxynitride (SiON) ARC layer, 2) Special Silicon oxide Etch process that has a high selectivity of Si-Rich SiON to silicon oxide or SiN; 3) Special Si Rich SiON spacer process for a self aligned contact (SAC).A dual damascene structure is formed by depositing a first dielectric layer. A novel anti-reflective Si-Rich Silicon oxynitride (SiON) etch barrier layer is deposited on top of the first dielectric layer. A first opening is etched in the first insulating layer. A second dielectric layer is deposited on the anti-reflective Si-Rich Silicon oxynitride (SiON) etch barrier layer. A second dual damascene opening is etched into the dielectric layers. The anti-reflective Si-Rich Silicon oxynnitride (SiON) etch barrier layer can also serve as an ARC layer during these operations to reduce the amount of reflectance from conductive region to reduce distortion of the photoresist pattern.

Disclosed are processes for the production of fluorinated olefins, preferably adapted to commercialization of CF3CF═CH2 (1234yf). Three steps may be used in preferred embodiments in which a feedstock such as CCl2═CClCH2Cl (which may be purchased or synthesized from 1,2,3-trichloropropane) is fluorinated (preferably with HF in gas-phase in the presence of a catalyst) to synthesize a compound such as CF3CCl═CH2, preferably in a 80-96% selectivity. The CF3CCl═CH2 is preferably converted to CF3CFClCH3 (244-isomer) using a SbCl5 as the catalyst which is then transformed selectively to 1234yf, preferably in a gas-phase catalytic reaction using activated carbon as the catalyst. For the first step, a mixture of Cr2O3 and FeCl3 / C is preferably used as the catalyst to achieve high selectivity to CF3CCl═CH2 (96%). In the second step, SbCl5 / C is preferably used as the selective catalyst for transforming 1233xf to 244-isomer, CF3CFClCH3. The intermediates are preferably isolated and purified by distillation and used in the next step without further purification, preferably to a purity level of greater than about 95%.

A novel coordination complex formed by dinuclear metal complexation is provided. The complex is a dinuclear metal complex of a compound, wherein the compound comprises a conjugation ring system substituted with: a) an electron donating group selected from —OH, —SH and —NH2; b) an indicating group selected from a chromogenic group, a fluorescent group and an electrochemical group; and c) two binding auxiliary groups, in combination with the electron donating group each of which being coordinated with the metal to provide an anion bonding site, wherein as the complex binds to a anion, the coordination of the electron donating group with the metal is weakened and electron donation of the electron donating group to the conjugation ring system is reinforced such that the reinforced electron donation by the electron donating group is transferred through the conjugation ring system to the indicating group to produce an indicating signal concomitant with the change of its electronic density. The coordination complex shows high sensitivity and high selectivity for pyrophosphate over other anions in an aqueous solvent over a wide pH range. Therefore, the complex is useful for pyrophosphate assay as a pyrophosphate sensor.

A new geometry ion trap and its use as a mass spectrometer is described. The ion traps can be combined linearly and in parallel to form systems for mass storage, analysis, fragmentation, separation, etc. of ions. The ion trap has a simple rectilinear geometry with a high trapping capacity. It can be operated to provide mass analysis in the mass-selective instability mode as well as the mass-selective stability mode. Arrays of multiple ion traps allow combinations of multiple gas-phase processes to be applied to the trapped ions to achieve high sensitivity, high selectivity and / or higher throughput in the analysis of ions.

A new geometry ion trap and its use as a mass spectrometer is described. The ion traps can be combined linearly and in parallel to form systems for mass storage, analysis, fragmentation, separation, etc. of ions. The ion trap has a simple rectilinear geometry with a high trapping capacity. It can be operated to provide mass analysis in the mass-selective instability mode as well as the mass-selective stability mode. Arrays of multiple ion traps allow combinations of multiple gas-phase processes to be applied to the trapped ions to achieve high sensitivity, high selectivity and / or higher throughput in the analysis of ions.

The invention is directed to a process for the preparation of α,β-unsaturated acids, esters and amides from α- or β-hydroxycarboxylic acids or esters or precursors in high yields and high selectivity. The α,β-unsaturated acids or esters are optionally prepared in the presence of specific dehydration and / or esterification catalysts. The α,β-unsaturated amides or substituted amides are prepared optionally in the presence of a dehydration and / or amidation catalyst. The source of α- or β-hydroxycarboxylic acids or precusor is preferably from a renewable resource. The precursor is defined herein.

The invention provides a high selectivity catalyst used for catalyzing and completely oxidizing formaldehyde with low concentration at room temperature. The catalyst can catalyze formaldehyde completely so as to lead the formaldehyde to be converted into carbon dioxide and water at room temperature. In addition, the conversion rate of formaldehyde remains 100% within a long period of time, without complex auxiliary facilities such as light source, a heating oven and the like, and external conditions. The catalyst comprises three parts which are inorganic oxide carrier, noble metal component and auxiliary ingredient. Porous inorganic oxide carrier is one of cerium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminium sesquioxide, tin dioxide, silicon dioxide, lanthanum sesquioxide, magnesium oxide and zinc oxide or the mixture thereof or composite oxide thereof, zeolite, sepiolite and porous carbon materials. The noble metal component of the catalyst is at least one of platinum, rhodium, palladium, gold and silver. The auxiliary ingredient is at least one of the alkali metals of lithium, sodium, kalium, rubidium and cesium. The loading of the noble metal component used in the catalyst of the invention is 0.1 to 10% according to weight converter of metal elements and the selective preference is 0.3 to 2%. The loading of the auxiliary ingredient is 0.2 to 30% according to weight converter of metal elements and the selective preference is 1 to 10%. When the loading of the auxiliary ingredient is lower than 0.2% or higher than 30%, the activity of the catalyst for catalyzing and oxidizing formaldehyde at room temperature is decreased remarkably.

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing alcohol by acetic ester hydrogenation as well as a preparation method and an application thereof, which is characterized in that the main catalyst of the catalyst is copper or copper oxide or a mixture of the copper and the copper oxide, and the cocatalyst can be also added, wherein the cocatalyst is one or more of oxides of zinc, manganese, chromium, calcium, barium, iron, nickel and magnesium; and the carrier is alumina or silica sol. The catalyst has high activity and high selectivity under the condition of low temperature and low pressure, thus greatly reducing the investment cost of permanent plants, lowering production energy consumption, being extremely beneficial for the industrial production, and having good stability and long service life. The catalyst of the invention is used to cause percent conversion of a reaction of converting the acetic ester into the alcohol is more than or equal to 80% and the selectivity of the alcohol is more than or equal to 95%.

In the process sequence for replacing conventional gate electrode structures by high-k metal gate structures, the number of additional masking steps may be maintained at a low level, for instance by using highly selective etch steps, thereby maintaining a high degree of compatibility with conventional CMOS techniques. Furthermore, the techniques disclosed herein enable compatibility to front-end process techniques and back-end process techniques, thereby allowing the integration of well-established strain-inducing mechanisms in the transistor level as well as in the contact level.

A coated article is provided with a low-emissivity (low-E) layer stack for use in a window unit or the like. The layer stack, or coating, may permit the coated article to achieve one or more of a fairly low solar factor (SF) value, a high selectivity (Tvis / SF) value, substantially neutral color at normal and / or off-axis viewing angles, and / or low emissivity. When high selectivity values are achieved, there is provided a high ratio of visible transmission to SF, which is a desirable feature in certain example instances. In certain example embodiments, a sub-oxide layer (e.g., NiCrOx) may be used as a contact layer under an infrared (IR) reflecting layer in order to permit low SF values, high selectivity, and good coloration to be achieved.

A coated article is provided with a low-emissivity (low-E) layer stack for use in a window unit or the like. The layer stack, or coating, may permit the coated article to achieve one or more of a low solar factor (SF) value, a high selectivity (Tvis / SF) value, substantially neutral color at normal and / or off-axis viewing angles, and / or low emissivity. When high selectivity values are achieved, there is provided a high ratio of visible transmission to SF, which is a desirable feature in certain example instances. In certain example embodiments, a sub-oxide layer may be used as a contact layer under an infrared (IR) reflecting layer in order to permit low SF values, high selectivity, and good coloration to be achieved.

The invention relates to regenerative, supported amine sorbents that includes an amine or an amine / polyol composition deposited on a nano-structured support such as nanosilica. The sorbent provides structural integrity, as well as high selectivity and increased capacity for efficiently capturing carbon dioxide from gas mixtures, including the air. The sorbent is regenerative, and can be used through multiple operations of absorption-desorption cycles.

A processing method herein enables patterning a thin-film photovoltaic module into cells and / or sub-cells using an etch process. According to one aspect, an etch mixture is identified that is capable etching through a thin-film material such as CIGS with high selectivity to both photoresist and underlying layers such as metal. According to another aspect, the etch process enables patterning a photovoltaic device using lithographic techniques. Among other things, the invention enables forming interconnect structures with feature sizes that are substantially smaller than is possible with prior art techniques, and avoids many of the problems associated with laser and mechanical scribes, thus resulting in better and more efficient photovoltaic modules.

The present invention relates to catalyst system for propylene hydrogenation and formylation and process of catalytically synthesizing butyl aldehyde. The catalyst system is triaryl phosphine-Rh(I) catalyst system with proper additive, such as bisphosphite ester, in proper amount. Compared with similar available catalyst, the catalyst system has obviously higher catalytic acitivity, higher selectivity, higher stability and raised n-butyl aldehyde / isobutyl aldehyde ratio in the catalytically synthesized product.

The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane preparation and water purification and discloses a high-performance two-dimensional layered Ti3C2-MXene membrane, a preparation method thereof and an application of the Ti3C2-MXene membrane in water treatment. The method comprises steps as follows: (1), Ti3AlC2 powder and an HF solution are mixed, stirred for a reaction, centrifugally washed and dried, and Ti3C2 powder is obtained; (2), the Ti3C2 powder and a solvent are mixed, stirred for the reaction, washed and dried, and treated powder is obtained; (3), the treated powder is dissolved in the solvent and subjected to ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation, a liquid supernatant is taken and dried, and a two-dimensional nanosheet is obtained; (4), a solution is prepared from the two-dimensional nanosheet and deposited on a porous substrate with a nano self-assembly technology, and the high-performance two-dimensional layered Ti3C2-MXene membrane is obtained. The membrane has ultrahigh water flux, higher selectivity and good mechanical property and stability; the method is simple, low in energy consumption and cost, good in repeatability and wide in applicability.

The invention relates to regenerative, supported amine sorbents that includes an amine or an amine / polyol composition deposited on a nano-structured support such as nanosilica. The sorbent provides structural integrity, as well as high selectivity and increased capacity for efficiently capturing carbon dioxide from gas mixtures, including the air. The sorbent is regenerative, and can be used through multiple operations of absorption-desorption cycles.

The invention relates to a catalyst for preparing propylene by dehydrogenating propane, which comprises an alumina supporter and active components in the following contents by using the alumina supporter as a calculation basis: 0.1-2.0 percent by mass of platinum group metals, 0.1-2.0 percent by mass of IVA group metals, 0.5-5.0 percent by mass of potassium, 0.2-5.0 percent by mass of cerium or samarium, and 0.3-10 percent by mass of halogen. The catalyst is used in the reaction for preparing propylene by dehydrogenating propane. The catalyst has higher conversion rate of propane, higher selectivity of propylene and good regeneration performance.

The invention discloses a quick and efficient synthesis method for silver nanowires. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) introducing inert gas into a reactor, adding 2 volume parts of glycol into the reactor, and stirring, heating, condensing and refluxing the glycol; quickly adding 1 volume part of glycol solution of silver nitrate at molar concentration of between 0.1 and 0.5m into the reactor; slowly dropwise adding 1 to 2 volume parts of PVP at molar concentration of between 0.15 and 0.75m and 4 to 32 mu m of glycol solution of MnCl2 at the same time; and reacting and cooling the mixture to the room temperature to obtain reaction mother liquor of the silver nanowires; and 2) transferring the reaction mother liquor of the silver nanowires into a centrifugal tube; adding acetone into the centrifugal tube and performing centrifugal separation to remove supernatant and retain precipitate; adding de-ionized water or ethanol into the centrifugal tube and performing centrifugal separation to remove the supernatant and retain precipitate, and repeating the operation for 1 to 3 times; and extracting and dispersing the precipitate with ethanol to obtain the silver nanowires. The method shortens the reaction time and also has high selectivity for the synthesis of the silver nanowires under conditions of high concentration.

The invention relates to a copper bismuth catalyst for combining chemically into 1, 4-butynediol with formaldehyde and ethyne and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing mixed solution which contains copper salt, bismuth salt, magnesium salt and dispersant; dropping alcoholic solution with an organic silicon source into the mixed solution; adjusting a pH value of the mixed solution with alkaline solution to obtain mixed precipitate; and further aging, washing, drying and baking in inert atmosphere to obtain the copper bismuth catalyst with C-MgO-SiO2 a carrier, in the catalyst, the content of CuO accounts for 25-50 weight percent, and the content of Bi2O3 accounts for 2-6 weight percent. The catalyst is applied in a reaction of combining chemically into 1, 4-butynediol with formaldehyde and ethyne, and has high catalytic activity and high selectivity.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped porous-structure carbon material and belongs to the technical field of inorganic material preparation. The preparation method utilizes a micromolecular carbon-containing compound as a raw material and comprises the following steps of based on the weight of the raw material, adding 0-400wt% of an inorganic base, 0-400wt% of an organic nitrogen-containing compound and 0-50wt% of a metal or metal oxide or inorganic metal salt into the raw material, carrying out uniform dispersion, and carrying out a reaction process in an inert gas protective atmosphere at a temperature of 400-900 DEG C for 0.5-12h so that the nitrogen-doped porous-structure carbon material having micropores, mesopores and macropores is obtained. The preparation method has simple processes, can be controlled easily, and realizes one-step combination of porous structure, functionalization nitrogen doping and metal particle modification. The nitrogen-doped porous-structure carbon material having high nitrogen content has a large capacitance value and good cycle performances, can be used as an oxygen reduction reaction catalyst having high activity, high selectivity and high stability and has a very large application prospect.

Supported reactive catalysts having a controlled coordination structure and methods for their production are disclosed. The supported catalysts of the present invention are useful for the preparation of hydrogen peroxide with high selectivity in addition to other chemical conversion reactions. The supported catalyst comprises catalyst particles having top or outer layer of atoms in which at least a portion of the atoms exhibit a controlled coordination number of 2. The catalyst and methods may be used for the concurrent in situ and ex situ conversion of organic compounds. In addition, a process is provided for catalytically producing hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen feeds by contacting them with the catalysts of the invention and a suitable organic liquid solvent having a Solvent Selection Parameter (SSP) between 0.14×10−4 and 5.0×10−4.

The invention provides a method for preparing ethanediol from polyhydroxy compounds comprising starch, hemicellulose, cane sugar, glucose, fructose and fructosan. The method comprises the following steps of: taking the polyhydroxy compounds as reaction raw materials, and taking metals, carbides, nitrides, and phosphides of transition metals in families VIII, IX and X, such as ferrum, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium, platinum, molybdenum and tungsten as catalytic active components to form a polymetallic catalyst; and performing further catalytic conversion under a hydrothermal condition that the temperature is 120 to 300 DEG C and the hydrogen pressure is 1 to 13 MPa to prepare the ethanediol from the polyhydroxy compounds with high efficiency, high selectivity and high yield. The method for preparing the ethanediol from the polyhydroxy compounds has the outstanding advantages of renewable raw materials, environment-friendly reaction process, and atom economical efficiency. Simultaneously, compared with other techniques taking biomasses as the raw materials, the method has the advantages of simple process and high yield.

The invention discloses a heavy metal absorbent and a preparation method and use thereof. The heavy metal absorbent is prepared by using an inorganic mineral modified by a surfactant as a carrier and loading organic complexing agent on the carrier, wherein the inorganic mineral is bentonite, kaolin, kieselguhr, zeolite, aluminum oxide or iron oxide; the surfactant is cationic surfactant or nonionic surfactant; and the organic complexing agent is a compound containing a sulfydryl and an amino. The heavy metal absorbent has the advantages of stable performance, environment friendliness, high absorption capacity, high selectivity, convenient post-recovery treatment and the like. The absorption capacities of cadmium, mercury lead and other heavy metals all exceed 100mg / g, and the heavy metal absorbent can achieve good treatment effect in treatment of water and soil environments polluted by heavy metals.