Metal heavy absorbent and preparation method and use thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy metal absorbent and a preparation method and use thereof. The heavy metal absorbent is prepared by using an inorganic mineral modified by a surfactant as a carrier and loading organic complexing agent on the carrier, wherein the inorganic mineral is bentonite, kaolin, kieselguhr, zeolite, aluminum oxide or iron oxide; the surfactant is cationic surfactant or nonionic surfactant; and the organic complexing agent is a compound containing a sulfydryl and an amino. The heavy metal absorbent has the advantages of stable performance, environment friendliness, high absorption capacity, high selectivity, convenient post-recovery treatment and the like. The absorption capacities of cadmium, mercury lead and other heavy metals all exceed 100mg/g, and the heavy metal absorbent can achieve good treatment effect in treatment of water and soil environments polluted by heavy metals.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of remediation of heavy metal polluted environments, in particular to a heavy metal adsorbent and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Heavy metal wastewater refers to wastewater containing heavy metals discharged from industrial production processes such as mining and metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, chemical industry, electronics, and instrumentation. Usually, some methods are used to convert the dissolved heavy metals in the wastewater into insoluble metal compounds or elements, which are removed from the wastewater by precipitation and flotation, such as neutralization precipitation method, sulfide precipitation method, flotation separation method, electrolytic precipitation (or flotation) ) method, diaphragm electrolysis, etc.; there is also the concentration and separation of heavy metals in wastewater without changing their chemical form, such as reverse osmosis, e...

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Problems solved by technology

The soil-exchanging method mainly refers to methods such as deep plowing to the bottom of the soil, or covering the contaminated soil with clean soil, or digging out the polluted soil and replacing it with clean soil; the soil-exchanging method can effectively isolate the polluted soil from the ecosystem , so as to reduce its impact on the environment; however, due to the large amount of engineering and high cost, this method is only suitable for small areas and serious soil pollution; at the same time, the inability to remove polluted substances will also cause certain risks to the environment

Use chemical or biological reagents to enhance the mobility of heavy metals in the soil, and concentrate the eluent through elution, so that heavy metals can be effectively removed from the soil to achieve the purpose of cleaning the soil; frequently used chemical reagents Including EDTA, DTPA, inorganic acids, small molecular organic acids and surfactants, etc.; but the leaching technology can only remove heavy metals in the soil that can be dissolved by leaching agents, and the application effect on clay soil is poor. Fertility properties of the soil may deteriorate under the action of detergents

Extraction or heat treatment methods are currently only suitable for the remediation of mercury-contaminated or organically-contaminated soils

Phytoremediation takes a long time, and the super-accumulative plant biomass is generally small and the treatment of plant residues is also troublesome

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