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11011 results about "Reverse osmosis" patented technology

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a water purification process that uses a partially permeable membrane to remove ions, unwanted molecules and larger particles from drinking water. In reverse osmosis, an applied pressure is used to overcome osmotic pressure, a colligative property, that is driven by chemical potential differences of the solvent, a thermodynamic parameter. Reverse osmosis can remove many types of dissolved and suspended chemical species as well as biological ones (principally bacteria) from water, and is used in both industrial processes and the production of potable water. The result is that the solute is retained on the pressurized side of the membrane and the pure solvent is allowed to pass to the other side. To be "selective", this membrane should not allow large molecules or ions through the pores (holes), but should allow smaller components of the solution (such as solvent molecules, i.e., water, H₂O) to pass freely.

Branched flow filtraction and system

A cross flow filtration apparatus for nanofiltration or reverse osmosis has pressure vessels with a plurality of filter cartridges in each vessel. A feed port is provided at an intermediate position on the side of the vessel, and two permeate flows or branches exit opposite ends of the vessel, and the first branch has a characteristically high “upstream” flux and quality, while the second is of lesser flux and/or quality. The system provides a high degree of moduarity, enhancing flux or yield at a reduced driving pressure or overall pressure drop. Centered or off-center port, and a stop or valve in the permeate stream may apportion flows between the two outlets. Staged systems may employ a first stage bypass to achieve a target quality with increased yield. A flow divider or adaptor permits the cartridges to fit and seal in the vessel and an installation tool or sleeve may facilitate installation or replacement of cartridges having a directional perimeter seal. A tool permits modules to be bi-directional installed in the pressure vessel. Other embodiments involve adapting a conventional vessel designed for end-to-end feed flow utilizing a restrictor, obstruction or valve inside the filter cartridge to bifurcate or otherwise split or apportion the permeate. RO elements may be modified to movably position an obstruction or valve along a string of the elements and vary the take-off to two or more permeate outlets, or to provide pressure relief valves that present different pressure conditions for different elements of a string. A pressure vessel may have an intermediate inlet, with symmetric or asymmetric branching of permeate flow to opposed ends of the vessel, enhancing permeate flux, permeate quality and/or energy efficiency.
Owner:IONICS INC

Mobile station and methods for diagnosing and modeling site specific full-scale effluent treatment facility requirements

A mobile station and methods are disclosed for diagnosing and modeling site specific effluent treatment facility requirements to arrive at a treatment regimen and/or proposed commercial plant model idealized for the particular water/site requirements. The station includes a mobile platform having power intake, effluent intake and fluid outflow facilities and first and second suites of selectably actuatable effluent pre-treatment apparatus. An effluent polishing treatment array is housed at the station and includes at least one of nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and ion-exchange stages. A suite of selectively actuatable post-treatment apparatus is housed at the station. Controls are connected at the station for process control, monitoring and data accumulation. A plurality of improved water treatment technologies is also disclosed. The modeling methods include steps for analyzing raw effluent to be treated, providing a field of raw effluent condition entry values and a field of treated effluent condition goals entry values, and utilizing said fields to determine an initial treatment model including a selection of, and use parameters for, treatment technologies from the plurality of down-scaled treatment technologies at the facility, the model dynamically and continuously modifiable during treatment modeling.
Owner:ROCKWATER RESOURCE

Treatment method of high saline wastewater

The invention discloses a treatment method of high saline wastewater, and relates to the treatment technology. The method comprises the following steps: preparing high saline wastewater, regulating in a regulating pond, chemically pre-treating in a settling pond, filtering in a V-shaped filter pond, the first section ion exchange softening, ultrafiltering in an ultrafiltration system, reverse osmosis treating through a first section reverse osmosis system, the second ion exchange softening, nano-filtering through a high-pressure nano-filtration system, nano-filtering to produce water, reverse osmosis treating through a second section reverse osmosis system, concentrating through a first section high-pressure flat film system, MVR evaporating and crystallizing to obtain the industrial level sodium chloride; nano-filtering to concentrate water, concentrating through a second section high pressure flat film system, freezing and crystallizing to obtain the industrial level mirabilite. The ultra-filtration, the nano-filtration, the reverse osmosis and high-pressure flat film methods are reasonably coupled to combine with the MVR crystallization and freezing crystallization to treat the high saline wastewater, the defect of single technology is overcome, the combination advantage is developed, the problems of efficiently and economically treating and recycling the high saline wastewater can be solved, and the treatment method has obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
Owner:INNER MONGOLIA JIUKE KANGRUI ENVIRONMENTAL TECH
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