391 results about "Carboxylic acid halides" patented technology

A composite membrane and method for making the same, comprising a porous support and a polyamide surface. The subject membrane provides improved flux and/or rejection rates. The subject membrane is further capable of operating at lower operating pressures. The subject method includes reacting a polyfunctional amine with a polyfunctional acyl halide to form a polyamide. The method includes the step of contacting a complexing agent with the polyfunctional acyl halide prior substantial reaction between the polyfunctional acyl halide and a polyfunctional amine. The subject process is easily adapted to commercial scale manufacturing processes and is particularly suited for making nanofiltration and reverse osmosis composite membranes.

Disclosed is a polycarbonate composition and process from making same, wherein introduction of a chain terminator and an acyl halide other than phosgene is after at least 25 percent of the hydroxyl groups in the dihydric phenol have been converted to chloroformate groups.

An efficient synthetic route to antiviral 2′,3′-dideoxy-2′,3′-didehydro-nucleosides, such as 2′,3′-dideoxy and 2′- or 3′-deoxyribo-nucleoside analogs, from available precursors is disclosed, with the option of introducing functionality as needed. In one embodiment, a method for the preparation of β-D and β-L-2′,3′-dideoxy-2′,3′-didehydro-nucleosides is described that includes: activating a compound of structure (1)

wherein B is a pyrimidine or purine base and Y is O, S or CH₂ with an acyl halide of the formula X—C(═O)R¹, X—C(═O)C(R¹)₂OC(═O)R¹ or X—C(═O)OR¹ (wherein X is a halogen, and each R¹ is independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, alkyl, aryl or phenyl); reducing the resulting compound with a reducing agent to form a 2′,3′-dideoxy-2′,3′-didehydro-nucleoside; and optionally deprotecting the nucleoside. The haloacylation of the first step can form the 2′-acyl-3′-halonucleoside, the 3′-acyl-2′-halonucleoside, or a mixture thereof.

An organically complexed nanocatalyst composition is applied to or mixed with coal prior to or upon introducing the coal into a coal burner in order to catalyze the removal of coal nitrogen from the coal and its conversion into nitrogen gas prior to combustion of the coal. This leads to reduced NOx production during coal combustion. The nanocatalyst compositions include a nanoparticle catalyst that is made using a dispersing agent. The dispersing agent includes at least one functional group such as a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, a carbonyl, an amine, an amide, a nitrile, a nitrogen having a free lone pair of electrons, an amino acid, a thiol, a sulfonic acid, a sulfonyl halide, and an. acyl halide. The dispersing agent forms stable, dispersed, nano-sized catalyst particles. The catalyst composition can be formed as a stable suspension to facilitate storage, transportation and application of the catalyst nanoparticles to a coal material. The catalyst composition can be applied before or after pulverizing the coal material or it may be injected directly into the coal burner together with pulverized coal.

The invention provides aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, a preparation method and application thereof. Polymerization monomers comprise a compound selected from aliphatic dibasic acid, and naphthenic base dibasic acid or the ester, the anhydride and the acyl halide thereof, a compound selected from aromatic dibasic acid or the ester, the anhydride and the acyl halide thereof, a compound simultaneously with two functional groups selected from an amino-group, a mercapto group or a hydroxy or a compound of a derivative of the amino-group, the mercapto group or the hydroxyl with an epoxy group and an azepine ring, a compound selected from unsaturated acid with at least one C-C, C-O, C-N or C-S double bond and C-C or C-N triple bond or the ester, the anhydride and the acyl halide thereof and a compound of unsaturated alcohol with at least one C-C double bond or a C-C triple bond or an epoxide thereof. The aliphatic-aromatic copolyester is prepared by carrying out esterification and polycondensation after mixing the polymerization monomers, polymerizing the double bonds and/or the triple bonds on the polymerization monomers under the action of an initiator and then carrying out a graftingand/or coupling reaction.

A process of making biodiesel from crude tall oil by reacting crude tall oil with a C₁-C₆ alkanol in the presence of an acid catalyst or by reacting crude tall oil with an acyl halide in the presence of a C₁-C₆ alkanol. The reaction product of either of these reactions is separated into a suspension liquid by the addition of a polar liquid. The biodiesel product is recovered from the suspension liquid by addition of an organic solvent which produces a polar liquid phase and an organic liquid phase. The biodiesel is recovered from the organic liquid phase by evaporating the organic solvent, which is recovered for use in subsequent separation processes, and vacuum distilling off the product biodiesel from the organic solvent-free organic liquid phase.

An improved method of synthesizing a macrocyclic tetraamido compound includes protecting the amino portion of an amino carboxylic acid to form a protected amino carboxylic acid; exposing the protected amino carboxylic acid to a first solvent, preferably a hydrocarbon solvent, such as toluene or 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, dibromomethane and 1,2-dibromoethane. The carboxylic acid portion of the protected amino carboxylic acid is then converted to an activated carboxylic acid by one of esterification or acid halide formation, to form a protected amino activated carboxylic acid derivative. The protected amino activated carboxylic acid derivative is reacted with a diamine in the presence of a second solvent, such as THF or ,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, dibromomethane and 1,2-dibromoethane, to form a protected diamide diamine intermediate. Following deprotection, the diamide diamine intermediate is reacted with an activated diacid, such as an activated malonate, oxalate or succinate derivative to form the macrocyclic tetraamido compound. The macrocyclic tetraamido compound may further be complexed with a transition metal.

The invention discloses a phosphorus-nitrogen quaternary ammonium as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The phosphorus-nitrogen quaternary ammonium has a structure shown in the formula (I) and is prepared by the following steps: volution-contained phosphoryl chloride shown in the formula (II) is reacted with diamine compound shown in the formula (III) to obtain a compound shown in the formula (IV); the compound shown in the formula (IV) is reacted with acyl halide shown in the formula (V) to obtain a compound shown in the formula (VI); and the compound shown in the formula (VI) is reacted with tertiary amine shown in the formula (VII) to obtain the product, i.e. the phosphorus-nitrogen quaternary ammonium. The invention is used for chemically modifying montmrillonoid by using the phosphorus-nitrogen quaternary ammonium, improves the inflaming retarding effect to high polymer materials through the cooperative inflaming retarding function of the montmrillonoid and phosphorus-nitrogen fire retardant, reduces the consumption of the fire retardant in the high polymer materials and lowers the cost of fire-retarding materials.

The present invention relates to a setting retarder for compounds that set hydraulically, containing at least one at least simple adduct and/or condensate, the retarder being produced by the reaction of at least one protein hydrolysate, one pure amino acid, amino acid mixture, and/or the hydrochlorides thereof having at least one mono-, di-, oligo- and/or polycarboxylic acid which is not derived from an amino acid, and/or a carboxylic acid derivative derived therefrom, wherein the carboxylic acid is selected from a group including carboxylic acid anhydrides, carboxylic acid halogenides, and/or carboxylic acid active esters.

A catalyst manufacturing process includes heat treating an intermediate catalyst composition that includes catalyst nanoparticles having catalyst atoms in a non-zero oxidation state bonded to a dispersing/anchoring agent. The catalyst nanoparticles are formed using a dispersing agent having at least one functional group selected from the group of a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, a carbonyl, an amide, an amine, a thiol, a sulfonic acid, sulfonyl halide, an acyl halide, an organometallic complex, and combinations of these. The dispersing agent can be used to form single- or multicomponent supported nanocatalysts. The dispersing agent also acts as an anchoring agent to firmly bond the nanocatalyst to a support. Performing the heat treating process in an inert or oxidative environment to maintain the catalyst atoms in a non-zero oxidation helps maintains a stronger bonding interaction between the dispersing agent and the catalyst atoms. This, in turn, increases the dispersion and/or distribution of catalyst components throughout the supported catalyst.

The present invention belongs to the material technology field, in particular relates to a preparation method of carbon nano tube decorated by amphiphilic block copolymer. The detail steps are that the double bonds are led into the surface of the carbon nano tube by making use of a hydroxylation carbon nano tube and any of acyl chloride, anhydride or amide with double bonds; a water-soluble polymer macromolecular initiator, the end group of which is provided with atom transfer radical polymerization initiating groups is composed by making use of signal hydroxyl terminated water-soluble polyether and alpha-halogenated acyl halide and then a hydrophobic monomer is initiated to carry through ATRP reaction. One end of the amphiphilic block copolymer acquired is a halogen atom; reactions are carried through on the amphiphilic block copolymer the end group of which is the halogen atom and the nano tube with double bonds on the surface thereby grafting the polymer on the surface of the carbon nano tube. The invention makes use of an atom transfer addition method to carry through polymer graft on the carbon nano tube and avoids the damage to the carbon nano tube wall and carbon nano tube cutting caused by acid treatment thereby being able to acquire a water-soluble full carbon nanon tube.

The invention relates to methods of preparing nicotinamide riboside and derivatives thereof. In an aspect, the invention relates to a method of preparing a compound of formula (I), wherein n is 0 or 1; m is 0 or 1; Y is O or S; R₁ is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted primary or secondary amino, and substituted or unsubstituted azido; R₂-R₅, which may be the same or different, are each independently selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, and substituted or unsubstituted aryl; and X⁻ is an anion, selected from an anion of a substituted or unsubstituted carboxylic acid, a halide, a substituted or unsubstituted sulfonate, a substituted or unsubstituted phosphate, a substituted or unsubstituted sulfate, a substituted or unsubstituted carbonate, and a substituted or unsubstituted carbamate.

The present invention is generally directed to triester-based lubricant compositions. The present invention is also directed to methods of making these and other similar lubricant compositions. In some embodiments, the methods for making such triester-based lubricants utilize a biomass precursor comprising mono-unsaturated fatty acids, wherein such mono-unsaturated fatty acids are reduced to mono-unsaturated fatty alcohols en route to the synthesis of triester species for use as/in the triester-based lubricant compositions. Subsequent steps in such synthesis may employ carboxylic acids and/or acyl halides/anhydrides derived from biomass and/or Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

The invention provides a method for preparing a nanofiltration membrane with high desalination selectivity and high flux. The method comprises the following steps: S10, preparation of an aqueous phase solution and an organic phase solution, wherein the aqueous phase solution containing multifunctional polyamines, reactive hydroxyl polymer and hydrophilic polymer salt, and the organic phase solution of polyfunctional acyl chloride with at least two reactive acyl halide groups are prepared; S20, interfacial polymerization reaction, wherein an ultrafiltration diaphragm is fixed on a glass plate, then the aqueous phase solution is poured onto the surface of the ultrafiltration diaphragm, and is poured away after placed for 10-30s, the organic phase solution is poured onto the surface of the ultrafiltration diaphragm after the aqueous phase solution on the surface of the diaphragm is dry, and poured away after placed for 10-30s, the ultrafiltration diaphragm is then placed in an oven at a temperature of 40-120 DEG C for thermal treatment, and a finished product is obtained. The method for preparing the nanofiltration membrane has the advantages that while the water flux of the nanofiltration membrane is improved, the desalination selectivity of the nanofiltration membrane is expanded to a relatively large extent.

This invention discloses a method for preparing polystyrene resin containing double bonds, which is prepared from linear or crosslinked polystyrene resin or polystyrene copolymer, and acyl halide reagent containing double bonds via Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction. The double bonds thus derived can react with double bonds of other functional monomers to introduce functional groups onto the resin, thus widening the application range of the resin. The double bond content of the polystyrene resin is up to 0-5.50 mmol/g dry resin.

The present invention includes a method for analyzing reactions. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The donor chemical is capable of donating a chemical moiety to the acceptor chemical. The solution further includes at least one controller chemical that affects the reaction between the donor chemical and the acceptor chemical. The solution is then incubated so that a portion of the acceptor chemical reacts with the donor chemical to form an acceptor product. Unreacted donor chemical is separated from the acceptor product. The acceptor product or the donor chemical is then measured using X-ray fluorescence. Another aspect of the present invention includes a method for analyzing protein function. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The donor chemical is capable of donating a chemical moiety to the acceptor chemical. The donor chemical includes a functional group selected from ester, anhydride, imide, acyl halide, and amide. The solution is then incubated so that a portion of the acceptor chemical reacts with the donor chemical to form an acceptor product. Unreacted donor chemical is separated from the acceptor product. The acceptor product or the donor chemical is then measured using X-ray fluorescence. Yet another aspect of the present invention includes a method for analyzing protein function. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The solution is then incubated so that a portion of the acceptor chemical reacts with the donor chemical to form an acceptor product. Unreacted donor chemical is separated from the acceptor product. The acceptor product or the donor chemical is then measured using X-ray fluorescence. An additional analytical method is also used to measure either the acceptor product or the donor chemical.

The invention discloses a cyclodextrin-carbon nanotube derivative, which is characterized in that the rude carbon nanotube is processed with milling, purification and acidification, then the carbon nanotube is reacted with a halogenation reagent; the carboxylic acid radical at the surface of carbon nanotube is transformed to acyl halide radical which has strong reactivity; then the carbon nanotube is reacted with a binary functional group organic compound; the active functional group is extended out of the surface of carbon nanotube and reacted with trichloro-triazine; the carbon nanotube containing the active chlorine triazine ring is obtained, and the active chlorine triazine ring is positioned on the surface of the carbon nanotube and can be reacted with hydroxyl; finally, the invention is prepared by the nucleophilic substitution reaction between the carbon nanotube and the cyclodextrin. In the invention, the mass ratio of cyclodextrin and carbon nanotube is about 0.1-0.8:1. The invention also discloses the preparation method of the cyclodextrin-carbon nanotube derivative. The cyclodextrin-carbon nanotube derivative has the advantages of friendly environment, good solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N'-dimethylformamide and N,N'-dimethylacetamide, easily satisfied preparation condition, abundant material source and low cost.