377results about How to "High desalination rate" patented technology

A composite semipermeable membrane which satisfies the following relationship when seawater at 25° C. having a pH of 6.5, a boron concentration of 5 ppm and a TDS concentration of 3.5% by weight is permeated under an operation pressure of 5.5 MPa: Boron removal ratio (%)≧95−4×membrane permeation flow rate (m3 / m2·day).

Cast semi-permeable membranes made from synthetic polymer used in reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and microfiltration are treated with a non-leaching antimicrobial agent to prevent its bio-fouling and bacterial breakthrough. The semi-permeable membranes include a polymeric material and a non-leaching antimicrobial agent that is incorporated into and homogeneously distributed throughout the polymeric material. The polymeric material, in the case of one membrane, may be cellulose acetate. In the case of thin film composite polyamide membranes, the antimicrobial agent is incorporated in a microporous polysulfone layer that is sandwiched between a reinforcing fabric and an ultrathin polyamide material. The invention also includes a treatment of flat and hollow fiber semipermeable membranes made with polysulfones and polyvinylidene fluoride.

The invention relates to a recycling treatment method for salt-containing wastewater. The recycling treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) carrying out desalting, concentrating and initial hard water removal on the salt-containing wastewater through a general electrodialyzer at first, returning obtained low-salt wastewater to a desalting process for preparing pure water, and carrying out deep hard water removal on high-salt wastewater through ion exchange; (2) pumping the preprocessed high-salt wastewater into a bipolar membrane electrodialyzer for recycling treatment, dissociating sodium chloride and water for greatly reducing the content of salt in the wastewater, and obtaining hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide at the same time; returning the obtained low-salt wastewater to a water concentration chamber of the general electrodialyzer for concentrating again. According to the recycling treatment method, the environmental pollution caused by direct discharge of the high-salt wastewater is avoided, wastes (salt) are turned into wealth (acid and alkali), the water recovery rate of a salt water removal process is increased, the integral water preparation cost is remarkably reduced, and good economic and social benefits are achieved.

The invention relates to a recycling method for treating ammonia nitrogen containing high-salt catalyst wastewater by adopting a membrane separation technology. The process flow of 'acid regulation, micro-filtration, membrane distillation, cooling and crystallization' is adopted in the method. By adopting the process flow, salts, ammonia nitrogen and metal ions in the wastewater can be effectively removed, and deep treatment and recycle of the ammonia nitrogen containing high-salt catalyst wastewater are realized. The process flow makes full use of the technical advantages of membrane distillation, solves the problem that the discharge of high salts, ammonia nitrogen and metal ions of the ammonia nitrogen containing high-salt catalyst wastewater does not reach the standards, and realizes recycle of the produced water. After the ammonia nitrogen containing high-salt catalyst wastewater is treated by the process flow, the reclamation rate of the wastewater is more than 90 percent, and high recycle of the ammonia nitrogen containing high-salt catalyst wastewater is realized; and the method accords with the development strategies of energy conservation and emission reduction, and has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit.

The invention discloses a compound reverse osmosis membrane with interpenetrating network desalting layer and a preparation method of the membrane. The desalting layer consists of a stereoscopic network which is formed by interpenetrating macromolecule nanogel and polyamide. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: pre-adding hydrophilic and / or oleophylic macromolecule nanogel with good dispersion into a solvent of solution A and / or B, preparing a water phase A solution containing m-phenylenediamine and / or p-phenylenediamine, preparing an organic phase B solution containing trimesoyl chloride, enabling the solution A and the solution B to fully contact on a porous support carrier for interface reaction, rinsing by using deionized water, carrying out moisturizing treatment by using glycerol, and drying. The compound reverse osmosis membrane disclosed by the invention has a sodium chloride removal rate of not less than 99% and a flux of not less than 25GFD (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics) under a pressure of 225psi; the microstructure and the charge property of the desalting layer can be regulated and controlled through the macromolecule nanogel so that the reverse osmosis membrane with high anti-pollution capability is prepared; and the compound reverse osmosis membrane can further be used for developing novel low-pollution reverse osmosis membranes.

The invention discloses a reclaimed craft to dispose electroplating waste water, which comprises the following steps: adopting oxidation-reduction and chemical precipitation disposing method and film technology (fold filtration, hyperfiltration, Na filtration and reverse osmosis desalination) deep purifying method; avoiding accumulation of salt effectively; reverse osmosis sloughing monovalent salt at last grade; trapping bivalent salt in innocent treatment system; proceeding depositing treatment continually; removing accumulating BOD and COD in water body through biochemical treatment effectively; realizing zero discharge of waste water.

The invention discloses a method and a device for treating garbage percolate, wherein the method comprises the steps of pretreatment, anaerobic treatment, membrane biochemical treatment, nanofiltration treatment, sludge treatment and the like; the device comprises a primary sedimentation tank (1) and an adjusting tank (2), the adjusting tank (2) is connected with an anaerobic reactor (3), the anaerobic reactor (3) is connected with a denitrification tank (4), and the denitrification tank (4) is communicated with a nitrification tank (5); and the nitrification tank (5) is connected with an ultrafiltration apparatus (6), and the ultrafiltration apparatus (6) is connected with a nanofiltration device (7). The method and the device achieve COD degradation of high-concentration wastewater so that the COD of high-concentration COD of 50,000 reaches about 50 after treatment and reaches the standard of industrial reuse water, thus the method and the device achieve zero discharge of the percolate, initiate a new attempt to treat high-concentration percolate, and fill up the domestic blank.

The invention provides bacillus methylotrophicus with preservation number-CCTCC NO. M2013500. The invention also provides a microorganism bacterium agent. The microorganism bacterium agent contains a culture medium and thallus, wherein the thallus comprise the bacillus methylotrophicus with preservation number-CCTCC NO. M2013500, bacillus subtilis, bacillus lincheniformis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The invention also provides an application of the bacillus methylotrophicus and the above microorganism bacterium agents to improvement of saline lands, improvement of plant drought tolerance, prevention of bacterial wilt of pepper and prevention of Citrus anthracnose.

The invention discloses a polysulfonamide nanofiltration or reverse-osmosis composite membrane, and a preparation method thereof. the preparation method for the polysulfonamide nanofiltration or reverse-osmosis composite membrane comprises the following steps: pretreatment of a porous supporting membrane; alternate layer-upon-layer assembling of a sulfonyl chloride organic-phase solution and a polyamine water-phase solution on the surface of the porous supporting membrane via reaction; heat treatment; etc.; wherein heat treatment can be carried out during or after layer-upon-layer assembling. Nanoparticles, a surfactant, a catalytic acid absorbent or catalyst, a pore forming agent and other additives are added into the sulfonyl chloride organic-phase solution and the polyamine water-phase solution. The polysulfonamide nanofiltration or reverse-osmosis composite membrane prepared by using the method has improved desalination performance and acid resistance, smoother surface and lower roughness compared with composite membranes prepared through traditional interfacial polymerization, and has good application prospects in the fields of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a reverse osmosis composite membrane containing a modified nano-zeolite molecular sieve. The method comprises the following steps that silane coupling agent, a nano-zeolite molecular sieve and toluene are mixed for modification reaction, and reactive fluid is filtered, washed and dried after the modification reaction is finished so as to obtain the nano-zeolite molecular sieve, the surface of which is modified; the nano-zeolite molecular sieve with the modified surface is dispersed into polybasic acyl chloride solution so as to obtain mixture; inaddition, a polysulfone support membrane is immersed in water solution of polybasic amine, the membrane is taken out and solvent is removed, the membrane with no solvent and the mixture are subjectedto interfacial polymerization reaction, and the reverse osmosis composite membrane containing the modified nano-zeolite molecular sieve is obtained through subsequent treatment after the interfacial polymerization reaction is finished. The method for preparing the reverse osmosis composite membrane containing the modified nano-zeolite molecular sieve has simple process, and the prepared reverse osmosis composite membrane has good mechanical strength, high salt rejection rate, and high water flux.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a reverse osmosis composite membrane containing nano zeolite molecular sieves. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing the nano zeolite molecular sieves into polyamine aqueous solution to obtain a mixture A; dipping a polysulfone supporting membrane into the mixture A, taking out the membrane and then removing a solvent for the memebrane, carrying out interfacial polymerization on the membrane without the solvent in poly-acyl chloride solution, and after-treating the membrane after interfacial polymerization finishes to obtain the reverse osmosis composite membrane containing the nano zeolite molecular sieves; or dispersing the nano zeolite molecular sieves into the poly-acyl chloride solution to obtain a mixture B; and dipping the polysulfone supporting membrane into the polyamine aqueous solution, taking out the membrane and then removing the solvent for the membrane, carrying out interfacial polymerization on the membrane without the solvent in the mixture B, and after-treating the membrane after interfacial polymerization finishes to obtain the reverse osmosis composite membrane containing the nano zeolite molecular sieves. The reverse osmosis composite membrane containing the nano zeolite molecular sieves obtained by the preparation method of the invention has higher desalination rate, higher water flux and higher mechanical strength.

Methods of enhancing performance of a semi-permeable filtration membrane such as a polyamide R.O. membrane. A water soluble polymer is brought into contact with the membrane structure and is characterized by the Formula I wherein E is a repeat unit remaining after polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or mixtures thereof; R1 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; R2 is C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkylene, di-hydroxy substituted C1-C6 alkyl, di-hydroxy substituted C1-C6 alkylene, aryl, or mixtures thereof; n is 0 to about 100; R3 is OH, SO3Z OSO3Z, PO3Z2, OPO3Z2, CO2Z, or mixtures thereof; Z is hydrogen or a water-soluble cation; and the mole ratio c:d ranges from about 30:1 to 1:20 respectively.

The invention provides a preparation method of a compound reverse-osmosis membrane. The method includes the steps of sequentially coating a supporting layer of a substrate with a polyamine water solution, a vesica solution containing aquaporins, and a polyacyl chloride organic solution, and conducting post-treatment after interfacial polymerization reaction to obtain the compound reverse-osmosis membrane. The polymer porous supporting layer where polyamine is adsorbed is coated with the vesica solution containing aquaporins, and interfacial polymerization is conducted on the supporting layer and the polyacyl chloride organic solution to obtain the compound reverse-osmosis membrane. It is shown through experiment results that the prepared compound reverse-osmosis membrane has a desalinization ratio of 99.3% or above at the temperature of 25 DEG C, the pressure of 5 bar and the water flux of 15 LMH / bar(45GFD) or above under the testing condition of a water solution with 500 ppm of sodium chloride and pH of 6.5.

The invention discloses a complex reverse osmosis membrane which comprises a non-woven fabric layer and a polysulfone supporting layer, wherein a crosslinked polyamide layer which uses polyamine and an organic solution containing an acyl halide compound for interfacial synthesis is arranged on the polysulfone supporting layer. In the invention, the polyamine and the organic solution containing the acyl halide are adopted on the polysulfone supporting layer of the prior reverse osmosis membrane to obtain the polyamide layer with a three-dimensional crosslinked structure through interfacial condensation, thus the performance of the complex reverse osmosis membrane is further improved, and the membrane molecules have better compactness and stronger rigidness, wherein the improved compactness can improve the salt rejection rate of the membrane, and the improved rigidness can enable the membrane to have excellent anti-densification performance, thus the rate of decay of the performance of the membrane can be reduced, and the service life of the membrane can be prolonged. Therefore, the complex reverse osmosis membrane has the advantages of high salt rejection rate, large water flux, long service life and obvious reduction of engineering investment and production cost, and can be widely applied to the fields of electricity, metallurgy, petroleum and petrochemical industry, medicine, food, municipal engineering, seawater desalination, and the like.

A composite semipermeable membrane, which comprises a separating functional layer comprising a reactant of polyfunctional amine with polyfunctional acid halide, wherein a water-soluble organic material is in contact with the separating functional layer, and the separating functional layer has a boron removal ratio of 95% or more, when seawater at 25° C. having a pH of 6.5, a boron concentration of 5 ppm and a TDS concentration of 3.5% by weight is permeated under an operation pressure of 5.5 MPa.

Disclosed are an amine aqueous solution for forming an active layer of a polyamide reverse osmosis composite membrane and a preparation method of the polyamide reverse osmosis composite membrane using the same. The amine aqueous solution comprises 0.1 to 20 wt % of a polyfunctional amine compound, 0.1 to 20 wt % of an alcohol amine compound, 0.1 to 20 wt % of a tertiary amine compound, and 40 to 99.7 wt % of water. Due to using an amine aqueous solution having an alcohol amine and a tertiary amine compound, the polyamide reverse osmosis composite membrane has high water permeability and enhanced salt rejection rate, and thus is useful for the membrane field.

The invention relates to a method for treating wastewater, and belongs to the field of wastewater treatment. The method comprises a first step of discharging the wastewater to a hardness-removing reaction tank, adding a hardness-removing agent to remove Mg<2+> and Ca<2+> from the wastewater; a second step of discharging the wastewater treated by the first step into a filter for filtration, and removing suspended solid substances; and a third step of discharging the wastewater treated by the second step into a vacuum membrane distillation device to directly perform vacuum membrane distillation, and separating other salts in the wastewater. With the method provided by the invention, the wastewater with high hardness and high salinity, particularly the alkali incineration wastewater produced in ethylene production, can be treated effectively. The method has the advantages of low wastewater discharging amount, high water yield, good water quality, etc.

The invention discloses a method for performing electrostatic desalting and dehydration on crude oil, which comprises the following steps: heating the crude oil to a temperature of between 115 and 155 DEG C; pouring water of which the weight is between 3 and 8 percent of the total weight of the crude oil to the crude oil; adding a demulsifier of which the weight between 0 and 25 micrograms per gram of the total weight of the crude oil to the mixture; mixing the materials in an active region with the ultrasonic frequency of between 20 and 40 kHz and the intensity of sound of between 0.5 w / cm<-2> and 0.75 w / cm<-2> for 1 to 5 minutes; keeping the mixture in a desalting and dehydrating tank in an electric field with the pulse electrical field strength of between 600 V / cm and 2,000 V / cm, the duty ratio of between 15 and 50 percent and the frequency of between 100 and 800 Hz for 25 to 50 minutes; and separating out sewage to obtain the purified crude oil which meets the requirement on salt content and is taken out of the device. The method can save more than 50 percent of electric energy.

The invention relates to a production technique and device of directly edible syrup. The method comprises the following steps: pressing sugar cane with a juice press to obtain a sugar cane juice; prefiltering the sugar cane juice through a coarse filter, and filtering with a microfiltration membrane to obtain a sucrose juice clear solution; concentrating the sucrose juice clear solution through a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a concentrated solution; sending the concentrated solution into a first ion exchange resin tower to obtain a first permeation solution; sending the first permeation solution into a second ion exchange resin tower to obtain a second permeation solution; and concentrating the second permeation solution in an evaporator to obtain a refined concentrated solution, adding additives and uniformly mixing to obtain the syrup. The product produced by the production technique provided by the invention has the advantages of low chromatic value, high desalting rate and high yield.

The invention discloses a reverse osmosis membrane cleaning method, comprising the steps of cleaning the membrane by using alkaline cleaner, acidic cleaner, and sterilizing agent orderly, simultaneously, observing the decrease value of water yield under constant pressure and temperature, the increase value of net operation pressure at constant temperature and constant water yield, or the decrease value of water quality and desalinization ratio of modular system, to determine the occasion for cleaning reverse osmosis membrane. By using the method provided in the invention, the water yield and pressure difference of reverse osmosis membrane can be repaired to a great degree, the desalinization ratio after cleaning can be improved remarkably, and the removing ratios for TOC, CODMn, and UV254 can also be increased, thereby the method in the invention is simple, convenient, and efficient, and suitable for cleaning reverse osmosis membrane in water treatment process and other application field.

The invention provides a preparation method of a hybridization reverse osmosis membrane. The preparation method of the hybridization reverse osmosis membrane comprises the following steps: taking 10-20 parts of polysulfone, a pore-forming agent and a nano porous material so as to prepare a membrane preparation solution, then coating the membrane preparation solution on a support layer uniformly, removing the residual membrane preparation solution so as to obtain a hybridization ultrafiltration base membrane, then soaking the hybridization ultrafiltration base membrane in a water phase solution, taking out, and removing the residual water phase solution on the surface, wherein the water phase solution contains aromatic polyamine, aliphatic polyamine and / or alicyclic polyamine; soaking the obtained product into an oil phase solution, taking out, drying, and rinsing so as to obtain the hybridization reverse osmosis membrane. The acidification or oxidation and other after-treatment methods are not required for the preparation method of the hybridization reverse osmosis membrane; the desalting rate is prevented from being decreased due to the damage to a desalting layer; the service life of the membrane is ensured, and meanwhile, good flux and desalting rate are kept; moreover, the method is simple and convenient, and can be used for industrial production.

The invention discloses a graphene oxide modified PA (polyamide) composite nanofiltration membrane and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises steps as follows: preparing a PA ultrafiltration basement membrane; preparing an aqueous amino graphene oxide solution; adding a crosslinking agent to the prepared aqueous amino graphene oxide solution to prepare an amino graphene oxide crosslinking solution; dip-coating the PA ultrafiltration basement membrane with a layer of the amino graphene oxide crosslinking solution with a surface coating method firstly, then coating the PA ultrafiltration basement membrane with a layer of a PA ultrafiltration membrane casting solution to prepare the graphene oxide modified PA composite nanofiltration membrane. A large quantity of free carboxyl andhydroxyl exist on the membrane surface, so that the graphene oxide modified PA composite nanofiltration membrane has the characteristics of high hydrophilcity and high throughput; meanwhile, due to the crosslinking reaction between amino graphene oxide and a PA basement membrane, tightness can be improved; the membrane surface is negatively charged, so that desalinization rate can be effectivelyincreased, and throughput and desalinization effect of the nanofiltration membrane are improved; the technical scheme has large-scale industrial application and popularization prospect.

The invention discloses an anti-pollution reverse osmosis membrane and a preparation method thereof. The anti-pollution reverse osmosis membrane comprises a non-woven fabric, a polysulfone supporting layer, a polyamide desalination layer containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) molecules and a PVA cross-linking coating. According to the anti-pollution reverse osmosis membrane, the PVA molecules are introduced into the polyamide desalination layer, part of hydroxyl on the PVA molecules, amino of m-phenylenediamine and acyl chloride perssad are reacted to form the polyamide desalination layer, and the rest hydroxyl and hydroxyl which is later coated on the PVA molecules jointly participate in the reaction for generating the PVA cross-linking coating so that the polyamide desalination layer and the PVA cross-linking coating are combined together through chemical bonds, and adhesion of the PVA cross-linking coating is improved. The reverse osmosis membrane has the advantages of being anti-pollution, high in flux, high in desalinization ratio and easy to prepare.

The invention discloses an oxidation resistant composite reverse osmosis film, which comprises the following parts: nonwoven fabrics and polysulfone support layer, wherein the polyamide layer prepared by acyl chloride organic solution constituted by polyamine and modified polyacylchloride solution or polyamine and pyromellitic triformyl chloride and modified polyacylchloride on the polysulfone support layer. The invention improves the oxidization proof property and organic pollution proof property of the reverse osmosis film to lengthen the using life of the reverse osmosis film, which has easy preparation and operation, high desalinization rate and large water flux, therefore fitting for water disposing course in wider domain to expand the application of the reverse osmosis film.

The invention discloses a processing method and a processing apparatus of landfill leachate. The processing method comprises steps of pretreatment, anaerobic treatment, membrane biochemical treatment, nanofiltration treatment, and sludge treatment and the like. And the processing apparatus includes a primary settling tank (1) and a regulating tank (2). The regulating tank (2) is connected with an anaerobic reactor (3) which is connected with a denitrifying tank (4); the denitrifying tank (4) is communicated with a nitration tank (5), which is connected with ultrafiltration equipment (6); and the ultrafiltration equipment (6) is connected with nanofiltration equipment (7). According to the invention, COD of the high-density wastewater is degraded. After processing, high-density COD of 50,000 to 60,000mg / L is degraded to COD of about 50 mg / L, which reaches the standard of industrial reused water. Moreover, zero discharge of leachate is realized. Therefore, a new attempt to treat the high-density leachate is initiated and the domestic blank is filled.

The invention belongs to the technical field of reverse osmosis composite membrane, and specifically refers to a high water flux reverse osmosis membrane and a preparation method thereof. An interfacial reaction of an aqueous solution of aromatic polyamine with polybasic acyl chloride solution is carried out on a porous support film, wherein the aqueous phase or organic phase solution for interfacial polymerization is supplemented with a polar aprotic additive; and certain subsequent treatment is carried out. The present invention has the advantage that the provided a preparation method is simple, and low in operating pressure; and the prepared polyamide reverse osmosis composite membrane has high water flux without significant reduction in the rate of desalination. The high water flux polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane of the present invention has broad application prospects.

The present invention discloses a composite nanofiltration membrane and a preparation method thereof and application of the composite nanofiltration membrane prepared by the preparation method in the field of water treatment. The composite nanofiltration membrane comprises a support layer and a separation layer which are stacked together, wherein the separation layer is obtained by forming of an initial composite nanofiltration membrane by sol-gel and thermal crosslinking reaction of a polymer containing a hydroxyl group and a silane coupling agent containing a mercapto group and then post-treatment of the initial composite nanofiltration membrane by use of a water solution containing an oxidizing agent, wherein the initial composite nanofiltration membrane is located on the surface of the support layer and is in a crosslinking net structure. The composite nanofiltration membrane may be stable to operate in a water solution of pH = 0-14, has a high salt removing rate and water permeability (water flux), also has strong acid and base resistance, is simple in preparation method, and has great prospects for industrial application.

The invention provides a polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane containing nano materials. The polysulfone solution of the membrane is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 15-30 parts of polysulfone, 45-75 parts of organic solvents, 0.5-40 parts of organic pore-forming agents and 0-30 parts of nano inorganic materials. The method of membrane preparation by phase inversion is adopted on the polysulfone porous layer and in the preparation process, the polysulfone is taken as the polymer matrix and the organic pore-forming agents and the nano inorganic materials are added after the organic solvents are added. Addition of the organic pore-forming agents can increase the void ratio of the membrane, thus greatly improving the water flux of the membrane. Addition of the nano inorganic materials reduces the defect rate of the formed membrane, ensures the formed polyamide layer to be denser in the subsequent interfacial polymerization procedure, greatly improves the desalination rate of the membrane, ensures the mechanical strength of the membrane to be compensated and improves the compaction resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane under the condition of ensuring the desalination rate and the water flux, thus prolonging the service life of the membrane.

The invention provides a polyamide composite sea water desalination film. The polyamide composite sea water desalination film comprises a supporting base layer and a polyamide functional layer; the polyamide functional layer is prepared from m-phenylenediamine, a polyamine compound and a poly-acyl chloride compound by reacting; the polyamine compound is selected from an aza-aromatic nucleus polyamine compound and an aliphatic polyamine compound. The polyamide composite sea water desalination film has the advantages that a polyamine compound polymeric monomer is added to water phase to improve the crosslinking degree of the polyamide functional layer; therefore, the bearing capacity of the sea water desalination film under high seepage pressure can be improved, and moreover, the desalination rate can be raised while high throughout is ensured. The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound sea water desalination film. The sea water desalination film is high in desalination rate and high in water throughout; the preparation method is simple, the technological process is short, and the cost is low, so that a good application prospect is brought.

The invention relates to a membrane element, a device and a water processing method using the membrane element. The membrane element comprises a membrane, a water inlet end for allowing water to flow into the membrane, a waste water discharge end for discharging waste water from the membrane, a pure water end for discharging pure water from the membrane, a water inlet end electrode arranged in the inflow water, and a pure water end electrode arranged in the pure water, the pure water end electrode is connected with the cathode of a power supply, the water inlet end electrode is connected with the anode of the power supply, and the distance between the water inlet end electrode region and the water inlet end for allowing the water to flow into the membrane is larger than the distance between the water inlet end electrode region and the waste water discharge end for discharging the waste water from the membrane.