660 results about "Semipermeable membranes" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of biological tissue engineering, and discloses a nerve-blood brain barrier co-culture model, which comprises a culture chip, and nerves and blood brain barriers respectively constructed in upper culture micropores and lower culture micropores of the culture chip. Wherein a semi-permeable membrane is arranged between the lower-layer culture micropores and the upper-layer culture micropores of the culture chip; the nerves are obtained by inoculating neurons / brain organs obtained by stem cell differentiation into the upper culture micropores for co-culture, and the blood brain barrier is obtained by inoculating brain microvascular endothelial cells obtained by stem cell differentiation into one side of the semipermeable membrane in the lower culture micropores for co-culture. The co-culture model is higher in biomimetic property, and can better simulate the structure and function of the blood brain barrier, for example, the co-culture model has a barrier function closer to the physiological level, the selective permeability of a small molecule drug is matched with the in-vivo permeation condition, and the co-culture model has the function of a small molecule related transporter. The invention further discloses a construction method and application.

The invention discloses a vacuum-assisted pultrusion preforming device for a composite material. The vacuum-assisted pultrusion preforming device comprises a yarn threading plate, a gum dipping tank, a gum extruding roller and a vacuum-assisted preforming mold which are sequentially arranged in the pultrusion direction, wherein fiber bundles penetrate through the yarn threading plate in a layered mode, the gum dipping tank is used for containing resin, and the gum extruding roller is used for extruding redundant resin. The vacuum auxiliary preforming mold is provided with a preforming mold cavity, a vacuum cavity is formed in one section of the preforming mold cavity of the vacuum auxiliary preforming mold, an air exhaust hole is formed in the upper portion of the vacuum cavity, and a semi-permeable membrane allowing gas to pass through but blocking resin to pass through is arranged at the air exhaust hole. And the air exhaust hole is externally connected with a vacuumizing device. The vacuum-assisted pultrusion preforming device can effectively discharge microbubbles in resin and fiber bundles, effectively control uniform distribution of the content of the resin and remarkably promote full infiltration of high-viscosity resin to fibers.

The present invention relates to an intestinal epithelium model accurately reproducing the pathophysiological mechanisms observed in vivo in the context an inflammatory condition of the intestinal barrier. The model according to the present invention comprises two compartments separated by a semi-permeable membrane. The first compartment, corresponding to the apical pole of the intestinal epithelium, comprises a coculture of Caco-2 cells differentiated into enterocytes and HT29-MTX cells differentiated into goblet cells. The second compartment, corresponding to the basolateral pole of the intestinal epithelium, comprises a culture of THP-1 monocytic cells differentiated into macrophages. The model according to the present invention is characterized in that the cells contained in the first compartment produce interleukin 6 (IL-6) at a concentration of more than 100 pg / ml and interleukin 8 (IL-8) at a concentration of more than 150 pg / ml, and the cells contained in the second compartment produce tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) at a concentration of more than 40 pg / ml and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) at a concentration of more than 90 pg / ml. The present invention also relates to the method for obtaining this model and also to a method for selecting candidate compounds for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases by verifying their ability to stop the inflammation as soon as the permeability is increased, or verifying the restoration of the permeability and of the mucus layer.

The utility model discloses a drawer type membrane desolventizing device which comprises a shell, a heating module, a condensing module and a membrane desolventizing module. The shell comprises a drawer shell and a device shell, and the drawer shell and the device shell are connected through a detachable part; the heating module and the condensing module are arranged in the device shell; the membrane desolventizing module is arranged in the drawer shell; the membrane desolventizing module comprises a pipeline inlet, a semi-permeable membrane pipeline and a pipeline outlet which are connected in sequence. According to the membrane desolventizing device disclosed by the utility model, the membrane desolventizing module is arranged in the drawer shell, and the heating module and the condensing module are arranged in the device shell, so that the membrane desolventizing module can be disassembled to replace a semi-permeable membrane pipeline by pulling out the drawer shell when the semi-permeable membrane pipeline needs to be replaced; after replacement, only the drawer shell needs to be pushed in and fixed through the detachable part, operation is very easy and convenient, and meanwhile the problem that due to the fact that other modules are detached, air tightness is poor or the modules are damaged is solved.

The invention discloses a seawater desalination treatment system and method based on a penetration method, and particularly relates to the technical field of seawater desalination treatment.The seawater desalination treatment system is provided with an online monitoring module, and various indexes in the seawater desalination treatment process are monitored through a multi-source sensor; a seawater pollution treatment module is arranged to remove suspended particles and pollutants in seawater; a seawater desalination treatment module is arranged for deep desalination; setting an equipment management module to judge whether equipment maintenance is needed or not based on the real-time operation data of the equipment; a semi-permeable membrane loss prediction module is arranged for semi-permeable membrane loss prediction; setting a semi-permeable membrane maintenance control module to automatically match a corresponding maintenance strategy according to the predicted membrane loss degree; a forward osmosis and reverse osmosis coupling process is combined, so that the desalination rate and the energy consumption efficiency ratio are improved, and the service life of the semipermeable membrane is effectively prolonged; an intelligent monitoring-prediction-control system is constructed, and the stability and reliability of the technological process are guaranteed.

A mask-based diagnostic apparatus for detecting a biomarker contained in exhaled breath of a test subject. An exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collector converts breath vapor from the lungs and airways into a fluid biosample. The EBC collector includes a condensate-forming surface and a thermal mass in thermal connection with the condensate-forming surface. A fluid transfer system transfers the EBC to at least one of a testing unit and an EBC containment vessel. Prior to testing, a semipermeable membrane concentrates a target biomarker portion in the fluid biosample to form a concentrated fluid biosample for testing. A target biomarker releasing material, such as a lysing agent, and / or mechanical lysing, can be used to obtained a target biomarker for testing that is within a viral envelope. The testing unit can be a universal g-FET biosensor constructed as a packaged semiconductor device that receives and tests the EBC as a fluid biosample.

The utility model relates to a gas-liquid separator suitable for different flight attitude angles, which comprises a gas-liquid separator shell, an inlet is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the gas-liquid separator shell, the inlet is sequentially connected with an inlet section and an inlet reducing section, and a liquid outlet is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the gas-liquid separator shell; a conical support is arranged in the gas-liquid separator shell and fixedly connected with the bottom of the gas-liquid separator shell. The outer side surface of the conical bracket is covered with a semi-permeable membrane; a gas outlet is formed in the bottom of the gas-liquid separator shell and corresponds to the bottom of the conical support. According to the gas-liquid separator, the internal structure and the flow channel arrangement mode of the separator are optimized and improved by deeply analyzing the influence mechanism of the flight attitude angle change on the gas-liquid two-phase flow behavior and the separation effect, so that the high-efficiency gas-liquid separation efficiency can be kept no matter which attitude angle the aircraft is located, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved. And the separation instability caused by the change of the flight attitude is effectively reduced.

To provide a composite semipermeable membrane which achieves both high water generation performance and neutral molecule removability, and has composite durability against chemicals including an acid, an alkali and an oxidant.SOLUTION: A composite semipermeable membrane includes a support membrane, and a separation function layer, wherein the separation function layer contains crosslinked polyamide having an azo group and a nitro group, and a ratio A of the azo group and a ratio B of the nitro group in the separation function layer satisfy 0.10≤A / B≤0.50.SELECTED DRAWING: None

The invention belongs to the technical field of semipermeable membrane preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a nanofiltration membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning the supporting layer for later use; the preparation method comprises the following steps: blending diamine, an amino beta-cyclodextrin derivative, an inorganic hybridizing agent, a zwitterionic compound and water to obtain a water phase for later use; blending aromatic acyl chloride, a cosolvent and an organic solvent to obtain an oil phase for later use; and (2) sequentially carrying out primary impregnation in a water phase, membrane scraping, secondary impregnation in an oil phase and heating curing on the supporting layer, and finally carrying out post-treatment to obtain the nanofiltration membrane. The nanofiltration membrane is prepared by introducing the amino beta-cyclodextrin derivative, the inorganic hybridization agent and other components into polyamide, so that the water flux of the polyamide nanofiltration membrane and the capability of effectively separating ions with different valence states are further improved.

The utility model discloses a salt-containing wastewater crystallization and drying device, which relates to the field of salt-containing wastewater crystallization and drying, and comprises a spiral airflow crystallization and drying device, a fan, a three-phase separator and a heat pump system, the spiral airflow crystallization drying device comprises an outer shell and a spiral body; the spiral body is rotationally connected into the outer shell and can rotate along the axis of the spiral body. The outer shell is communicated with a feed port, a discharge port, an air inlet and an air outlet; the feed port and the air inlet are positioned at one end of the spiral body, and the discharge port and the air outlet are positioned at the other end of the spiral body; the three-phase separator is communicated with the gas outlet and an inlet of the heat pump system; an outlet of the heat pump system is communicated with an inlet of the fan; an outlet of the fan is communicated with the air inlet; air holes are formed in the spiral body; the spiral body is also wrapped with a hydrophobic breathable semi-permeable membrane to cover the breathable holes; the salt-containing wastewater crystallization and drying device can efficiently realize crystallization and drying of salt-containing wastewater at low cost.

A device (100) for water purification includes one or more first layers (110) including a semipermeable membrane and one or more second layers (120) in contact with the one or more first layers (110), wherein the one or more second layers (120) include an alginate hydrogel and are sufficient to draw water across the one or more first layers (110).

The present invention relates to an anti-fouling, semi-permeable membrane comprising a porous support layer, a thin film composite (TFC) layer formed on a surface of the support layer, and a cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer formed on top of the TFC layer, wherein the cross-linked PVA layer is the reaction product of PVA and a cross-linking agent, said cross-linking agent being a polybasic acid comprising three or more acid groups or precursors thereof. The obtained membrane shows a high water flux and a low roughness suitable for an effective membrane notable for feed solution having a tendency of fouling the membrane.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation method of a nuclear track membrane with orderly arranged nuclear micropores. The preparation method of the nuclear track membrane with orderly arranged nuclear micropores comprises the following steps: preparing a single-pore membrane; preparing a nuclear track membrane with two holes at a certain interval by utilizing a plurality of single-hole nuclear track membranes; a plurality of two-hole nuclear track membranes are used for preparing a four-hole nuclear track membrane which has a certain hole distance and is arranged in order, and so on, so that the required nuclear track membrane with nanoholes arranged in order is prepared. Nuclear micropores of a nuclear track membrane prepared by a traditional method are uncontrollable in number and disordered in distribution, and the nuclear track membrane plays an important role in multiple fields such as medicine, military industry and nuclear technology, such as production of semi-permeable membranes and wave-absorbing materials. No matter what membrane material is, the production quality of the nuclear track membrane can be improved by the method provided by the invention. A novel probe of a radiation detector can be manufactured by clamping a layer of nuclear track membrane made of an insulating material between two layers of nuclear track membranes made of conductive materials prepared by the method. Or conductive layers are plated on the two surfaces of a film made of an insulating material, and nuclear micropores which are arranged in order are punched on the film by using the method, so that the probe of the radiation detector of the same type can be manufactured. Nuclear track membranes with different pore diameters and pore taper angles are overlaid and arranged in a staggered manner, so that the range of the wavelength of electromagnetic waves absorbed by the wave-absorbing material is expanded.

An osmotic bandage for treating wounds, such as cuts, abrasions, minor burns, blisters, and post-surgical incisions. The bandage includes a bandage strip with an adhesive along with a plurality of apertures or airholes disposed therethrough for breathability. The bandage further includes a multi-layered gauze pad. The multi-layered gauze pad includes a first layer, a second salt laced layer, and a third odor-reducing layer. The salt is a natural bactericide, through the dehydration of water in bacteria, and kills any bacteria that attempt to invade or enter the wound site. A semi-permeable membrane cover may be disposed in overlying relation to the pad to prevent the salt from being in direct contact with the wound tissue and causing the patient pain.

The invention provides a hydrocolloid wrinkle patch, belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and personal care products, and aims at solving the problems that an existing wrinkle patch is uncomfortable to patch and long in service time. Due to the skin-friendly property of the hydrocolloid and the waterproof and breathable properties of the polymer semi-permeable membrane, the use time of the wrinkle patch is longer, the hydrocolloid wrinkle patch can contain beauty components or medical beauty components, and the use experience of a user is improved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing recoverable 3D microalgae gel and removing antibiotics in water, based on a 3D gel packaging technology, an isolation semipermeable membrane is constructed on the surface of a gel matrix, and a recoverable microalgae solid purification system is developed to cooperate with a mild environment provided by the gel matrix and the isolation effect of the semipermeable membrane. While the activity of the microalgae is protected and efficient biodegradation is realized, the leakage of the microalgae is prevented, and the potential microbial biohazard is restrained. Meanwhile, through the 3D printing technology, recoverable, low-cost, rapid and large-area industrial manufacturing can be achieved, the defects existing in traditional microalgae water treatment are overcome, and wide application prospects are achieved.

Forward osmosis membrane vessels, and particularly stackable forward osmosis membrane vessels, are provided as well as systems and methods thereof. The forward osmosis membrane vessel has a body, a strong draw solution chamber, a first and a second semipermeable membrane, and a brine chamber. The first and second semipermeable membranes each are disposed within the cavity of the body. The first and second semipermeable membranes are configured to produce diluted draw solution streams and brine streams. The brine chamber is disposed at least partially between the first semipermeable membrane and the second semipermeable membrane. The forward osmosis membrane vessel may be configured such that in a stacked configuration the brine chamber and the strong draw solution chamber of the forward osmosis membrane vessel aligns with a brine chamber and a strong draw solution chamber of an adjacent second forward osmosis membrane vessel.

An alert system for an electronic housing, including: a gas property sensor, wherein a processor is configured to receive gas property data from the gas property sensor, and configured to determine a property of a battery included in the electronic housing; a degassing unit for attaching to the electronic housing and configured to enable passage of gases and to prevent passage of liquids and solids, the gas property sensor being attached to the degassing unit at an inner side. A degassing unit comprising a base comprising an attachment means for fluid-tightly attaching to a venting opening of the electronic housing and an opening covered by a semipermeable membrane thereby forming a gas passage; a sensor module including a gas property sensor, the sensor module attachable to the base on an inner side of the base, the sensor module extending away from the semipermeable membrane towards a direction substantially perpendicular to the semipermeable membrane.

The invention relates to an automatic peritoneal dialysis machine auxiliary system capable of preventing peritoneal protein from being lost, and belongs to the technical field of peritoneal dialysis. By arranging the auxiliary system comprising a hollow fiber membrane filter, peritoneal drainage liquid is guided into the hollow fiber membrane filter in the drainage stage; the protein is intercepted by utilizing the semi-permeable membrane characteristic, and small molecule metabolic wastes penetrate through the semi-permeable membrane characteristic to form a filtrate rich in the protein; and then the feedback pump speed is dynamically adjusted through a control system based on a signal of a flow sensor, so that the feedback process of the protein liquid is stably synchronized with drainage, liquid injection and staying stages of the automatic peritoneal dialysis machine, online recovery and safe feedback of protein are realized, and the problem that the protein liquid flows back to the treatment cycle of the automatic peritoneal dialysis machine is solved on the premise that the treatment cycle is coordinated with the treatment cycle of the automatic peritoneal dialysis machine. Protein in peritoneal drainage liquid is continuously and selectively recovered and safely returned, so that the problem of protein trophism loss of long-term peritoneal dialysis patients is directly reduced.

A mask-based diagnostic device for detecting a biomarker contained in a gas exhaled by a test subject. An exhaled air condensate (EBC) collector can convert exhaled air from the lungs and the respiratory tract into a fluid biological sample. The EBC collector includes a condensate forming surface and a thermal block thermally connected to the condensate forming surface. A fluid transfer system transfers the EBC to at least one of the test device and the EBC container. Before testing, the semipermeable membrane concentrates the target biomarker portion in the fluid biological sample to form a concentrated fluid biological sample for testing. The target biomarker release material, such as a cracking agent and / or mechanical cracking, can be used for acquiring the target biomarker in the virus envelope for detection. The test device may be a universal g-FET biosensor configured as a packaged semiconductor device that can receive and test EBC as a fluid biological sample.

The invention provides a subcutaneous tissue fluid administration device based on air osmotic pressure power, and relates to the technical field of subcutaneous administration equipment.The subcutaneous tissue fluid administration device comprises a base and a microneedle array, a cavity is formed in the inner side of the base, an inner container is installed in the cavity, the microneedle array is installed at the lower end of the inner container, and the lower end of the microneedle array penetrates through the base; a protection assembly is installed below the base, a shell is arranged above the base and connected with the base through a connecting assembly, a solvent cavity is formed in the inner side of the shell, an opening is formed in the lower end of the shell, a semi-permeable membrane is installed on the inner side of the opening, a medicine tablet is installed on the inner side of the inner container, and two sets of silica gel injection nozzles which are symmetrically arranged are installed on the shell. A micro electric valve is mounted on the group of silica gel injection nozzles; a vent hole is formed in the shell; the device is simple in overall structure and convenient to use, a medicine solution is driven to flow through air osmotic pressure difference, and it is ensured that medicine is evenly released subcutaneously.

In one embodiment, cells 12 are suspended inside a hollow capsule 11 including a semipermeable membrane, and the hollow capsule 11 is incubated in a culture medium to allow the cells 12 to aggregate inside the hollow capsule 11. The cells 12 are a mixture of dissociated target cells 14 and auxiliary cells 15 for assisting the aggregation of the target cells 14. The target cells 14 more easily aggregate in the presence of the auxiliary cells 15 than in the absence of the auxiliary cells 15. In another embodiment, dissociated cells 12 are suspended inside a hollow capsule 11 including a semipermeable membrane, and the hollow capsule 11 is incubated in a culture medium to allow the cells to aggregate inside the hollow capsule 11. The cells 12 include at least stromal cells. Thus, an aggregate 21 of the cells 12 is produced.

The utility model discloses a multi-element organic matter mixed film-coating aerobic composting device, which belongs to the field of composting and comprises a fermentation box, a liquid collecting box communicated with the fermentation box is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation box, a filter screen is arranged at the top of the liquid collecting box, a semi-permeable film covers the top of the fermentation box, a pressure pump is arranged outside the liquid collecting box, and the liquid collecting box is communicated with the semi-permeable film. A spraying mechanism capable of adjusting the spraying angle and the spraying distance is arranged at the top of the fermentation box, the pressure pump feeds penetrating fluid in the liquid collecting box into the spraying mechanism through a connecting pipe, and a ventilation mechanism is arranged on the fermentation box. The water spraying device can ensure that water is uniformly and accurately sprayed on the surface of a compost material, the situation that water in some areas is too much and water in other areas is too dry is avoided, the utilization efficiency of the water is improved, and the spraying density can be adjusted according to the characteristics of specific materials so as to meet the requirement of the materials for the water in the composting process.

The invention discloses agricultural saline-alkali soil improvement salt elimination equipment which comprises a box body, a baffle is fixed in the box body, a rotating rod driven by a movable plate is rotatably mounted in a salt elimination pipe, a driving screw is fixed on the rotating rod, and a movable rod of the driving screw is connected with a hollow sealing plug capable of sealing the salt elimination pipe. A piston plate located above the through hole is slidably connected into the blind pipe, the piston plate is connected with a rotating rod through a time delay mechanism, the movable plate moves downwards to drive the rotating rod to rotate, the rotating rod rotates to drive a driving screw to rotate to enable a sealing plug to seal the salt discharging pipe, and meanwhile the piston plate moves downwards to extrude air to enable the air to reversely blow the filter screen. According to the device, the blocked filter screen can be backwashed and cleaned, the situation that water containing salt cannot be rapidly discharged and cleaned due to blockage of the filter screen is avoided, and meanwhile, the semipermeable membrane can be cleaned, so that it is ensured that salt in water can be effectively filtered.

The utility model discloses an osmotic pressure drug-loading microneedle patch device, and belongs to the field of microneedle patches. Comprising an upper cover, a fastener, an elastic sealing ring, a base and a plurality of hollow microneedles, a mounting groove for mounting a filter membrane is formed in the inner side of the upper cover, the filter membrane is fixed through the fastener, and a liquid injection opening communicated with the top of the mounting groove is formed in the outer side of the upper cover; the base is in threaded connection with the upper cover, a stepped groove is formed in the inner side of the base, the top of the stepped groove is communicated with the mounting groove, a semi-permeable membrane is mounted on the stepped table top of the stepped groove, the semi-permeable membrane is fixed through an elastic sealing ring, the semi-permeable membrane divides the stepped groove into a liquid storage chamber on the upper side and a medicine carrying bin on the lower side, and the hollow microneedle is mounted at the bottom of the base and communicated with the medicine carrying bin. According to the osmotic pressure drug-loading microneedle patch, the reliability and convenience of the osmotic pressure drug-loading microneedle patch in practical application are improved, a convenient, sterile and self-transdermal injection administration solution which does not affect daily activities is provided for patients, and the osmotic pressure drug-loading microneedle patch is good in sealing performance and simple in structure.

The invention discloses a topiromilast osmotic pump tablet and a preparation method thereof. The topiromilast osmotic pump tablet comprises a tablet core composed of a drug layer and a pushing layer, a semipermeable membrane coating outside the tablet core, and a single drug release small hole and an isolation coating on the surface of a controlled release tablet on one side of the drug layer. Compared with topiromilast tablets on the market at present, the topiromilast osmotic pump controlled release tablet prepared by the invention can realize continuous and stable constant-speed release of drugs. After a patient takes the medicine, the medicine in the medicine release layer cannot be released immediately, and the tablet can rhythmically release the medicine, maintain the steady-state blood concentration, delay the peak time and prolong the half-life period of the medicine within more than ten subsequent hours under the action of the pushing layer, so that the bioavailability is improved, and the slow release effect of more than 12 hours is achieved. Due to the adoption of a double-layer osmotic pump controlled release technology, compared with a single-layer tablet, the double-layer osmotic pump controlled release tablet has the advantages of stronger controllability, more complete release and higher availability.

The invention discloses a peritoneal dialysis system which comprises an abdominal cavity pipeline with the first end communicated with the abdominal cavity of a human body; the semi-permeable membrane assembly comprises a membrane, a first side and a second side, the first side and the second side are separated by the membrane, and the first side is communicated with the second end of the abdominal cavity pipeline so as to receive the abdominal cavity dialysate from the abdominal cavity pipeline and inject the abdominal cavity dialysate into the abdominal cavity of the human body; the external liquid path system comprises an external liquid pipeline communicated with the second side, and the external liquid pipeline comprises a waste liquid outlet for outputting dialysis waste liquid led out from the peritoneal dialysis liquid through the membrane; when the peritoneal dialysis solution is led out, the membrane allows moisture and small molecular solutes in the peritoneal dialysis solution to permeate into the second side and entraps a macromolecular penetrant on the first side so as to maintain the osmotic pressure of the peritoneal dialysis solution.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional electric field vector detection and microdialysis synchronous sampling implanted probe system, and belongs to the technical field of neural electrophysiology detection. The system comprises a vector electric field detection module (containing multiple layers of platinum-iridium alloy contacts) and a microdialysis module (provided with a semi-permeable membrane window with high selectivity and biological compatibility) which are coaxially integrated, and spatial isolation and synchronous acquisition of electro-chemical signals are realized through an insulating support structure. The problems of separation and spatial dislocation of an electric field detection and biochemical sampling system in the prior art are solved, real-time association of three-dimensional electric field vector reconstruction and neurotransmitter analysis is supported, and accurate electro-chemical coupling data is provided for nerve regulation and control research.

The invention provides a microchip model for microbial visual fermentation and an application of the microchip model. The chip comprises a ventilation layer, a semi-permeable membrane layer and a culture layer, a gas micro-channel and a gas chamber are arranged on the lower surface of the ventilation layer and are used for providing a gas environment required by microbial fermentation; the culture layer comprises a liquid microchannel and a culture chamber and is used for microorganism culture; the two layers are separated by a semipermeable membrane. The ventilation layer and the semi-permeable membrane layer are arranged above the culture layer to provide a suitable gas environment for microorganisms, meanwhile, the culture chamber is connected with the micro-pressure device to provide sufficient nutrient substances for the microorganisms, and the culture layer is provided with the transparent thin bottom to achieve real-time monitoring of single cell behaviors and the fermentation product synthesis process. The problems that traditional sampling is large in destructiveness and fermentation cannot be monitored in real time are solved, and an efficient research tool is provided for research on the fermentation product synthesis mechanism and in-situ modification of the fermentation product.

A method for harvesting energy through pressure retarded osmosis includes identifying and pumping both a low salinity feed stream and a high salinity feed stream from upstream water sources to opposite ends of a semi-permeable membrane housing where the low salinity feed stream permeates through the semi-permeable membrane to the high salinity feed stream to pressurize and dilute it. The diluted stream rotates a turbine to generate electricity and produce a depressurized mid-salinity fluid. A system for harvesting energy through pressure retarded osmosis has a first and second upstream water source pumped through low and high salinity feed lines to opposite ends of a semi-permeable membrane housing including a container, a semi-permeable membrane, a low salinity side of the housing, and a high salinity housing. The system also has a low salinity exit line and a pressurized mid-salinity exit line exiting opposite ends of the semi-permeable membrane housing, a turbine, a generator coupled to the turbine, and a depressurized mid-salinity exit line downstream of the turbine.