129results about How to "Promote hydrolysis reaction" patented technology

An exhaust aftertreatment system comprises an injector for injecting urea water into an exhaust duct, and a denitration catalyst disposed downstream of the injector with respect to a flow of exhaust gas. The exhaust aftertreatment system reduces nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas by the denitration catalyst while using ammonia produced from the urea water injected from the injector. The urea water is injected along a direction of the flow of the exhaust gas within the exhaust duct, and a porous plate is disposed in multiple stages in a space of the exhaust duct such that droplets of the injected urea water impinge against the porous plate before reaching a wall surface of the exhaust duct. A surface of the porous plate subjected to the impingement of the droplets is arranged to face downstream with respect to the flow of the exhaust gas. Deposition of the urea water is prevented by causing film boiling when the droplets impinge against the porous plate, and the urea water reflected by the porous plate is uniformly dispersed into the exhaust gas. Thus, the urea water is uniformly dispersed into the exhaust gas without increasing a pressure loss of the exhaust gas. The urea water is prevented from depositing on the wall surface and producing a precipitate in the form of a solid.

The invention provides an efficient and quick cellulose nanocrystalline preparing method.According to the method, a cellulose raw material is pretreated with aqueous alkali and then subjected to acidolysis, and inorganic salt containing metal ions is added during acidolysis to serve as a promoter to promote acidolysis reaction.Reaction condition is mild and easy to control, raw materials needed by reaction are simple and easy to obtain, and the method can be widely applied to preparation of cellulose nanocrystalline from various cellulose raw materials.

The invention discloses a synthetic method of memantine hydrochloride serving as a medicament for treating dementia. The method comprises the following steps of: reacting halogenated dimethyladamantane with nitrile, concentrated sulfuric acid and organic acid to obtain 1-acetamido-3,5-dimethyladamantane crystal serving as an intermediate for synthesizing memantine hydrochloride; hydrolyzing 1-acetamido-3,5-dimethyladamantane with alcohol and alkali to generate raw memantine; and extracting and salting to obtain memantine hydrochloride. In the method, the organic acid is taken as a solvent, so that the problems of low yield, difficulty in stirring and a series of problems caused by difficulty in stirring are solved; compared with an original process, the method has the advantages that: five steps for distilling the solvent under reduced pressure, adding water, extracting methylene dichloride, recovering the solvent under reduced pressure and recrystallizing are reduced, the reaction post-treatment operation is simplified greatly, and reaction post-treatment is easy and convenient; operation is easier and more convenient, so that the time consumption of a memantine hydrochloride synthesizing process is lowered, and the efficiency is increased; compared with an original process, the method has the advantages that: the step for extracting methylene dichloride serving as an organic solvent is eliminated, so that higher economic efficiency and environmental friendliness are achieved; and more importantly, the acetamide reaction yield is increased from lower than 70 percent to over 90 percent.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular, relates to a hydrogen production device with magnesium hydride as a hydrogen storage material, wherein the hydrogen production device includes a reaction chamber; a massive magnesium hydride filler layer is arranged in the reaction chamber. Provided is a hydrogen production method with magnesium hydride as thehydrogen storage material; massive magnesium hydride is prepared by mixing and pressing MgH2 and other chemical substances (M), the MgH2/M ratio is 10 wt.%-80 wt.%, and the massive magnesium hydride is shaped as particles or cakes, wherein the particles are spheres or irregular spheres with the diameter of 1-50 mm, and the cakes are round cakes or cakes with other shapes with the bottom diameter or side length of 1-100 mm and the height of 1-50 mm. The massive magnesium hydride is stacked and filled in the reaction chamber, the void between the particles becomes larger and the energy density of the filler increases so as to be conducive to full contact reaction of water vapor to all parts of the filler to produce hydrogen with high efficiency. At the same time, hydrogen gas escapes from the filler more smoothly to prevent the sudden increase of the pressure in the reaction chamber. The start-up time of reaction is shortened by adding a reaction promoter, and the quality of hydrogen gasis improved by adding a gas purifier.

The invention discloses a new process for preparing high purity aluminum oxide powder. The processed is carried out based on the fundamental principle of ultrasound electrochemistry, wherein electrode reactions in primary cells between metallic aluminium and air is formed under ultrasound action in a pure water system, and in-situ activation is carried out on the surface of the high purity metallic aluminium by the cavitation of an ultrasonic field, which can promote the activation of the surface of the metallic aluminium and the primary cell reaction between the metallic aluminium and the air as well as the hydrolysis reaction of the metallic aluminium. The method has simple principle, concise process, short technological procedures, low specific volume and energy consumption, environmental protection and no pollution. As under the entire ultrasound-electric field coupling condition, the reaction is moderate and controllable, and the obtained high purity Al (OH) 3 gel has small primary particle size, uniform particle size distribution, high activity, good flowability, particle appearance approximate to sphere and easy purity control. The obtained Al (OH) 3 gel is processed then by thermal treatment, and the high purity aluminum oxide powder with different forms can be obtained at different thermal treatment temperatures. The product has high purity, excellent particle characteristics and incomparable advantages over the products prepared by other production methods in the aspects of purity and particle shape.

The invention relates to a master batch for improving durability of polyglycolide (PGA). The master batch is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of matrix resin, 30-300parts of an acid neutralizer, 5-50 parts of a carboxyl end-capping reagent, 5-50 parts of a hydroxyl end-capping reagent, 3-10 parts of an anti-hydrolysis agent, 0.5-2 parts of a grafting agent, 0.5-3parts of an auxiliary grafting agent, 1-5 parts of a dispersing agent and 0.5-2 parts of a compatilizer. The master batch for improving the durability of polyglycollide has the characteristics of convenience in processing and use and small addition amount, can be mixed with polyglycollide particles for injection molding or extrusion processing, and has an excellent effect in improving the durability and shelf life of a polyglycollide product in a room-temperature environment.

The invention relates to a production method of a silicon dioxide aerogel functional material, and belongs to the technical field of aerogel. According to the production method of the silicon dioxideaerogel functional material, through carbonization treatment, the silicon dioxide aerogel functional material is produced, not only can an original nano-porous network structure be maintained, but also the silicon dioxide aerogel functional material has a plurality of excellent property such as a high specific surface area, low mass density and nanoscale continuous pores, and the mechanical performance is good; and montmorillonoid is a two-dimensional molecular-sieve-like porous substance, due to the fact that the montmorillonoid has performance of a large specific surface area, large adsorption capability and the like, the montmorillonoid is applied to a wide variety of aspects of adsorption, hydrogen storage, catalysis, bioseparation, electron devices, chromosorb supports and the like, through carbonization treatment, the swelling capability of a layered structure and exchangeable performance of positive ions of the montmorillonoid are used for inserting the inorganic positive ions into layers of the montmorillonoid, and the layers of the montmorillonoid are distracted to form two-dimensional pore channels with openings, so that the adsorption capability and the mechanical performance of the silicon dioxide aerogel functional material are improved.

The invention discloses magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder for hydrolysis hydrogen generation. The magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14.2 to 50.2 percent of Ca4Mg3H14, 34.8 to 85.7 percent of MgH2 and 0.1 to 15 percent of Mg. In order to increase the hydrolysis hydrogen generation rate, other hydrides and/or salts can also be compounded, and the mass content of the other hydrides is 0 to 5 percent based on the total mass of the components Ca4Mg3H14, MgH2 and Mg; the mass content of the salts is 0 to 11 percent based on the total mass of the components Ca4Mg3H14, MgH2 and Mg; the content of the other hydrides and the content of the salts is not 0 simultaneously. According to the preparation method for the magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder, a magnesium-calcium alloy is activated for hydrogen absorption after being crushed and ball-milled. According to the magnesium-calcium-based hydride powder for the hydrolysis hydrogen generation, the hydrogen yield can be increased on the premise of ensuring the reaction safety and controllability, and particularly the hydrogen yield at room temperature and low temperature is increased.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a composite nickel coating on the surface of a magnesium alloy micro-arc oxidation film, and belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment. The method comprises the following steps: putting a magnesium alloy matrix in a silicate series electrolyte to prepare a micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer, carrying out surface hole sealing and pre-nickeling treatment of the matrix ceramic layer by adopting a nickel salt-containing self-assembled nano-penetrant and an alcoholic solution of sodium borohydride, and carrying out composite chemical nickeling treatment to form the composite nickel coating on the surface of the film. The method is an improvement on tradition chemical nickeling technologies, and adopts a palladium salt-free activation process at room temperature, so the composite chemical nickeling operation is simplified, and the pollution of the process to the environment is reduced. The prepared composite coating has the advantages of good protection thickness, good bonding force with the substrate, good corrosion resistance, high hardness, good surface brightness, shininess, effective solving of the protection requirements on the high wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of a magnesium alloy, and provision of a powerful guarantee for the further application of the magnesium alloy.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a magnesium alloy surface micro-arc oxidized nano self-assembling composite protective coating, and belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloy surface treatment. The method comprises the following steps: firstly performing micro-arc oxidation on a magnesium alloy matrix surface to form a porous ceramic layer, spraying modified water-based paint on the porous ceramic layer surface to form a water-based coating so as to form a composite protective coating composed of the porous ceramic layer and the water-based coating on the magnesium alloy matrix surface. The multilayer composite protective coating formed on the magnesium alloy surface has the features of good binding force, good compactness, high hardness, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and the like; the preparation method is simple, convenient and environment-friendly; the composite protective coating is an expected composite protective coating of the magnesium alloy application, and the protective requirement on the magnesium alloy product in severe environment is satisfied.

The invention relates to an ordered mesoporous silica material with a pore wall being rich in micropore structures. The material is formed by sequentially dissolving a triblock copolymer nonionic surfactant, organic carboxylic acid and a silicon source in anhydrous ethanol containing a small amount of deionized water, and then sequentially performing solvent thermal treatment, solvent removal andcalcination treatment. The ordered mesoporous silica material has a highly orderly two-dimensional hexagonal mesoporous structure, high porosity, large specific surface area and uniform and adjustablemesoporous aperture, contains a large quantity of micropores, with adjustable contents, in the mesoporous wall, and shows a broader application prospect compared with the traditional microporous materials and mesoporous material in the fields of adsorption, separation and catalysis.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical chemical industry, and particularly relates to a preparation method of furanone acid. The method comprises the following steps of: adding dropwisely a sodium nitrite aqueous solution into a concentrated sulfuric acid and long-chain alcohol aqueous solution, separating an ester layer to obtain nitrite after the dropwise addition is finished; dissolving 2-acetyl furan in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst, controlling temperature, adding dropwisely the nitrite, continuously stirring to react after the dropwise addition is finished, adjusting pH after the reaction is finished, filtering to recover the catalyst, and adding an extracting agent into filtrate to extract long-chain alcohol generated by the reaction and unreacted acetyl furan, wherein a water phase is a furanone acid aqueous solution. By the adoption of the preparation method of the furanone acid, an adopted oxidant only needs to slightly exceed the amount of a substrate, so that generation of toxic gas nitrogen oxide is reduced compared with oxidation of sodium nitrite; and the reaction condition is mild, the use of the catalyst accelerates a hydrolysis process, the side reaction is reduced, the yield is improved and more than 82.5%, and a conversion rate of the 2-acetyl furan reaches more than 95%.

The invention belongs to the technical field of brewing and particularly relates to a Maotai-flavor baijiu continuous mixed fermentation burying method. The method includes steps: performing combinational primary blending of fresh baijiu; naturally ageing in a baijiu storehouse, performing secondary combination, blending and flavoring; proportionally mixing, and carrying out stacking fermentation for baijiu burying in pits; transferring blended finished baijiu into jars in the pits, covering the jars with lids, hermetically tying with kraft paper and waterproof cloth, and filling each jar with fermented grains subjected to stacking fermentation to a neck position; completely sealing the jars and the pits with unique purplish red mud in Maotai Town, and burying for two years; taking original baijiu from fermented grains in the pits as flavoring liquor, and adding into long-time stored baijiu according to different proportions, so that finished baijiu products are obtained. The defects of large ageing quality difference, long storage time and slow capital turnover of existing baijiu storage methods are overcome, aroma, flavor and medicinal ingredients of baijiu are increased, and baijiu quality is improved while healthcare value of baijiu is increased.

The invention provides a quantum nanocrystalline complex and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a quantum nanocrystalline solution; (2) adding a porous material into the quantum nanocrystalline solution in the step (1), and drying to obtain composite powder; (3) adding an oxide precursor solution into the composite powder obtained in the step (2),carrying out a hydrolysis reaction, and drying, thereby obtaining the quantum nanocrystalline complex. The preparation method provided by the invention realizes dual protection of the porous materialsubstrate and the oxide protective layer on the quantum nanocrystalline, and has high stability; moreover, the preparation method provided by the invention is simple in process, and no catalyst is added, that is, an excellent hydrolysis reaction can be carried out. The operation is convenient, and the prepared quantum nanocrystalline complex has excellent application prospects in the fields of illumination, display and the like.

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy material capable of being used for online hydrogen supply. According to the aluminum alloy material, Al2O3 powder is introduced into an Al-Ga-In-Sn alloy capable of achieving hydrogen generation through hydrolysis to obtain an Al-Ga-In-Sn-Al2O3 alloy, wherein the content of the Al2O3 is not more than 8% by weight; and a fusion casting method is adopted forpreparation. Researches show that an Al2O3 doped aluminum alloy has the good hydrogen production performance, hydrogen can be generated immediately after the alloy is in contact with water, and a reaction does not have delaying time. The Al-Ga-In-Sn-Al2O3 alloy has the stable hydrogen production rate and can be used for online hydrogen supply through hydrolysis, and a stable hydrogen source is provided for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

The invention belongs to the field of xylose extracted by explosion and ethanol prepared by fermentation, and particularly relates to a method for resourceful full-mass utilization of rape stalks. Themethod comprises the following steps: pretreating raw materials at first; then preparing a compound fertilizer by screw extruded explosion, xylose extraction, impurity removal by hydrolysis, enzymolysis fermentation process and fermentation residues; and treating and reusing waste water. Resourceful full-mass utilization of the rape stalks is realized, the production cost for fermenting ethanol is reduced, and a production process is environmentally friendly.

The invention discloses a method used for preparing nano-microcrystalline cellulose via graphite oxide assistant-catalysis acid-hydrolysis. The method comprises following steps: a sulfuric acid graphite oxide mixed solution with a certain concentration is prepared; microcrystalline cellulose powder is added slowly with stirring; after reaction, distilled water is added to stop reaction; centrifugation extraction is carried out; collected nano-microcrystalline cellulose colloid is subjected to dialysis until pH value is changed to be 7; and at last nano-microcrystalline cellulose powder is obtained via freeze drying. The main innovative points are that: nano-microcrystalline cellulose is obtained via graphite oxide assistant-catalysis acid-hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose; hydrolysis of neighboring carboxy groups with phenolic hydroxyl groups is promoted by the flexible and soft layered structures of graphite oxide and abundant carbonyl groups; yield of nano-microcrystalline cellulose is increased; and the method possesses important theoretical significance and is high in practical value.

The invention discloses a device for producing hydrogen from magnesium hydride. The device comprises: a hydrolysis reaction tank; a feeding unit for conveying magnesium hydride into the hydrolysis reaction tank; and a reaction promoting solution conveying unit for conveying a reaction promoting solution into the hydrolysis reaction tank, wherein the reaction promoting solution is a mixed solutionof a MgCl 2 solution and a MgSO 4 solution, and the reaction promoting solution is fed into the hydrolysis reaction tank prior to the magnesium hydride. The invention also discloses a method for producing hydrogen from magnesium hydride. The method comprises the following steps: feeding the mixed solution of the MgCl2 solution and the MgSO4 solution into the hydrolysis reaction tank as the reaction promoting solution; feeding magnesium hydride into the hydrolysis reaction tank, and reacting the magnesium hydride with water in the hydrolysis reaction tank to form hydrogen; and continuously injecting the reaction promoting solution into the hydrolysis reaction tank during the reaction of the magnesium hydride raw material and water. The device and the method, which adopt the mixed solution of the MgCl2 solution and the MgSO4 solution as the reaction promoting solution to promote the progress of the hydrolysis reaction, greatly accelerate the hydrogen production by the hydrolysis reaction.

The invention belongs to the technical field of zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy coated steel plates, and particularly relates to a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy coated steel plate surface treatment liquid and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The invention firstly provides a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy coated steel plate surface treatment liquid which comprises the following components in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water: 5-20 parts by weight of silane coupling agent, 0.5-10 parts by weight of alkaline corrosion inhibitor, 1-10 parts by weight of zircon salt, 5-20 parts by weight of water-based lubricant, 15-35 parts by weight of water-based organic emulsion and 0.1-2.0 parts by weight of surfactant. The steel plate surface treatment liquid is suitable for a zinc-aluminum-magnesium steel plate with coating components of 0.5-6% of Al and 0.2-3.0% of Mg, an environment-friendly coating on the zinc-aluminum-magnesium surface can be compact and uniform, the coating is prevented from making contact with water vapor and oxygen in the environment, the corrosion resistance, blackening resistance, water resistance, fingerprint resistance, coatability and self-lubricating performance of the surface coating are remarkably improved, and the service life of the surface coating is prolonged. And the use requirements of stamping and coating of users are met.

The invention discloses a seawater desalination and refrigeration power generation system device based on hydrogen energy. A water inlet of a hydrolysis reactor is communicated with seawater, an air outlet of the hydrolysis reactor is connected to a hydrogen fuel cell, a wet air outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to a cooling device, an air outlet end of the cooling device is connected to an air inlet end of a water recovery device, and the water outlet end of the water recovery device is connected to a water tank. According to the device, hydrogen is generated through a hydrolysis reaction of hydride and seawater, the hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the fuel cell to generate fresh water, water and salt in the seawater are separated, a large amount of ions such as Cl<->, Ca<2+> and Mg<2+> in the water can destroy a passive film generated by hydrolysis of the hydride, the generation of a hydrolysis reaction of hydride is promoted, the requirement on a hydrolysis catalyst is reduced, fresh water in wet air is recovered through semiconductor refrigeration and a super-hydrophobic surface technology, and low-temperature air is generated at the same time, so that triple functions of seawater desalination, refrigeration and power generation are realized.