150results about How to "Increase porosity" patented technology

A method of fabricating a porous or partially porous three-dimensional metal article for use as a tissue ingrowth surface on a prosthesis. The porous article is formed using direct laser remelting in a cross section of a layer of metallic powder on a build platform without fusing thereto. The power, speed, spot size and beam overlap of the scanning laser is coordinated so that a predetermined porosity of the metallic powder can be achieved. Laser factors also vary depending from the thickness of the powder layer, type of metallic powder and size and size distribution of the powder particles. Successive depositing and remelting of individual layers are repeated until the article is fully formed by a layer-by-layer fashion. In an additional embodiment, a first layer of metallic powder may be deposited on a solid base or core and fused thereto.

The invention discloses an upper cured tobacco baking method belonging to the field of cured tobacco baking concocting technology. The feed preparation procedure selects the upper tobacco in delay harvest or half plant harvest mode which harvests leaf and main trunk one time. Rod hanging procedure bakes the half plant of upper cured tobacco stem and leaf together without separating the same. Baking procedure employs three-section baking method, wherein all sections of the baking time are prolonged for more than 3 hours, and the early temperature of bake-yellowing is reduced for 1 to 2 DEG C. After-baking procedure picks the leaf off from the trunk when the leaf becomes a little soft and the main trunk becomes hard and brittle after being taken off from bed. The invention can, in average, enhance orange smoke rate of the upper tobacco for 5.0 % and first-rate tobacco rate for about 4.0 %, price of original tobacco for 1 Yuan per kilogram.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas well yield increase equipment and relates to a device and method for supercritical carbon dioxide high-pressure jet flow plug removal seepage enhancement. An oil pipe is sleeved with a casing pipe, a packer is arranged between the casing pipe and the oil pipe, and an exploder is arranged in the oil pipe and connected with the oil pipe; a piston is arranged below the exploder and the portion between the piston and the exploder is filled with propellant; a cylinder sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the piston and the piston moves downwards in the cylinder sleeve; a flow guide connector is arranged on the lower portion of the cylinder sleeve; a nozzle is arranged on the flow guide connector and a rupture disk or an elastic body is arranged on the outlet portion of the nozzle; after the propellant is ignited by the exploder, energy is generated, so that the piston is pushed to compress supercritical carbon dioxide, short-time supercritical carbon dioxide jet flow waves generated through breakage of the rupture disk or popup of the elastic body enable rock to crack initially, and cracks are expanded through the pressure of short-time supercritical carbon dioxide jet flow with the low viscosity of the supercritical carbon dioxide. According to the device and method for supercritical carbon dioxide high-pressure jet flow plug removal seepage enhancement, the structure is simple, operation is convenient, raw materials are easy to obtain, cost is low, the energy use rate is high, and the device and method are environmentally friendly.

The invention discloses a pretreatment method of lignocellulose by using microwave-assisted alkaline sodium sulfite, belonging to the technical fields of biomass resource utilization and agricultural waste comprehensive utilization. The method comprises the following steps: by using lignocellulose as a raw material, pulverizing, screening, and pretreating by using microwave-assisted alkaline sodium sulfite to lower the alkali consumption and enhance the pretreatment effect of the alkaline sodium sulfite; and carrying out solid-liquid separation, flushing the solid residue with an alkaline sodium sulfite solution, and washing with water to obtain the lignocellulose pretreatment product with favorable enzymolysis effect. The method can better remove lignin and reduce the inhibition effect of lignin on cellulose degradation, thereby effectively enhancing the conversion efficiency from lignocellulose to monosaccharide. The method reduces the chemical reagent consumption, is beneficial to environmental protection, and lowers the production cost, thereby generating higher economic value.

The invention discloses a self-propulsion trailing suction hopper dredger. The self-propulsion trailing suction hopper dredger comprises a dredger body; a movable cover is provided with a driving pressing block; a second driving device is arranged at the top of the driving pressing block; the movable cover is internally provided with a translation mechanism; the translation mechanism is provided with a movable through hole; a rake tooth shell is arranged in the movable cover; the rake tooth shell is internally provided with an engagement block; rake teeth are arranged on an inclined plane of the engagement block; a fixed plate is arranged on the top surface of the engagement block; positioning shafts are arranged on the two sides of the fixed plate; a first high-pressure water spraying device is vertically arranged on the inner side of the movable cover; and a second high-pressure water spraying device is obliquely arranged at the outer end of the movable cover. The first high-pressure water spraying device and the second high-pressure water spraying device are matched with each other and spray water to each other, so that underwater soil blocks are loosened; meanwhile, the rake teeth are driven to move up and down; one section of notch is opened underwater, and hard sludge can be conveniently raked when the rake teeth rake the sludge, so that digging resistance of a rake head is reduced, and the digging capability and dredging efficiency of the rake head are improved; and the self-propulsion trailing suction hopper dredger has the effects of high sludge digging efficiency and low production cost.

The invention belongs to a process for preparing white carbon black and in particular relates to a process for producing precipitated white carbon black by silicon tetrachloride. The process comprises the following steps: adding the silicon tetrachloride into 29 to 33 mass percent hydrochloric acid aqueous solution which contains a dispersant, controlling the temperature to between 28 and 45 DEG C for reaction to generate silica sol and chlorine hydride gas, standing and ageing the silica sol to form colloidal white flocculent sediment, filtering, separating and washing the sediment, and pelletizing and drying the sediment to obtain the precipitated white carbon black. The process has short flow, relatively simple production equipment and process control, and available raw materials, effectively utilizes the silicon tetrachloride, totally reclaims the product chlorine hydride, reduces the processing expense, the amount of waste acid and the environmental pollution, and has low production cost, wide application and large market capacity.

The invention relates to a film-boiling densification method for a porous structure (mixed gas-liquid method) (5) consisting in immersing of the porous structure into a liquid precursor, a hydrocarbon, for example, and heating the system in order to deposit the decomposition product of said liquid precursor, for example carbon, into the pores of the porous structure, characterized in that the flow of the liquid precursor entering the porous structure is reduced, for example by means of a filter (52) made of polytetrafluorethylene surrounding the structure so as to reduce the vaporization phenomenon of the liquid precursor around the porous structure to be densified.

The invention provides a carbon-based urea fertilizer, which is a fertilizer obtained by mixing biological black carbon, urea, effective microbial inoculum and a synergist. With the carbon-based urea fertilizer, the wastage rate of the urea in soil can be reduced, the fertilizer investment cost is reduced, bad influences on soil and ground water environments are avoided, and the effects of fertilizer reduction and emission reduction are realized simultaneously; the activity of urease in the soil is activated and improved and the urea is transformed into a nitrogen nutrient element which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops; the bad influences of biuret in the urea on the crops can be greatly reduced; soil hardening caused by only using the urea is avoided; the looseness degree of the soil is improved and the soil hardening phenomenon is relieved; a soil crumble structure is increased, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the physiological activity of the soil is improved, the soil environment is improved, and the fertilizer storage capacity and the water retaining capacity of the soil are improved; trace elements which are lacked by only applying phosphorus and are needed by crops are supplemented; and therefore, the crops can absorb nutrients in a more balanced way and the obvious production increasing effect can be realized.

An animal litter such as a clay material is treated to reduce the bulk density thereof by contacting the clay material with an aqueous electrolyte solution and then heating at an elevated temperature. Substantial reductions in bulk density have been achieved without reducing the absorption capacity of the clay granule.

The invention provides a paper-making reconstituted tobacco preparation method and a method for improving coating liquid absorbability of a paper-making reconstituted tobacco substrate. The paper-making reconstituted tobacco preparation method includes steps: 1) after extracting with an extracting agent, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain tobacco insoluble matters and tobacco extract liquid; 2) subjecting the tobacco insoluble matters to pulping, and performing net forming and pressing to obtain a wet substrate; 3) subjecting the wet substrate to drying, coating of bicarbonate and drying to obtain a substrate; 4) subjecting the tobacco extract liquid to refining concentration to obtain coating liquid; or adding organic acid after refining concentration to obtain the coating liquid; 5) coating the substrate with the coating liquid, and drying and slitting to obtain reconstituted tobacco. Liquid absorbability of the substrate is improved by thermal decomposition action of bicarbonate; preferably, coating liquid absorbability of the paper-making reconstituted tobacco substrate is improved by improving substrate infiltration performance of the coating liquid through reductionof residue content of the coating liquid.

The invention discloses nutrient soil for pot flowers and a preparation method of the nutrient soil. The nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials: 30-40 parts of garden soil, 9-18 parts of modified perlite, 5-15 parts of an inorganic fertilizer, 3-16 parts of decayed tree leaves, 3-9 parts of straw decayed bacteria, 4-12 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5-12 parts of biogas residues, 2-8 parts of chitosan, 3-5 parts of a preservative, 1-3 parts of a controlled release formulation, 1-4 parts of a trace element mixture and 120-130 parts of water. According to the nutrient soil for pot flowers provided by the invention, by utilizing the adsorption capacity and (fertilizer and water) storage properties of the controlled release formulation and the perlite, the sustained release effect of the nutrient soil is obvious. The nutrient soil provided by the invention does not need to be fertilized within one year, needs to be rehydrated once per month and needs to be kept moisturized.

The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, in particular to a peanut high-yield cultivation method. The method includes the following steps that firstly, after crops are harvested in autumn in first year, deep scarification is conducted on a planting land once, the thickness of the soil loosening layer of the planting land ranges from 45 cm to 50 cm after deep scarification, and natural airing is conducted after the planting land is loosened deeply. According to the peanut high-yield cultivation method, the land leveling procedure is simplified, the soil structure is not destroyed, work is convenient and fast to conduct, the soil loosening degree is increased, and a hardening layer is broken through effectively. Compared with peanut plastic film mulching and cultivation in the prior art, the soil loosening depth is deepened by 15 cm to 20 cm, the soil loosening degree is increased greatly, the water-retaining property of soil is improved, the soil condition of the region where soil is easy to harden is improved greatly, growth of peanuts is promoted, the yield per mu of peanuts is increased, water resources are saved, the production cost is lowered, and the income of peasant households is increased greatly.

The invention discloses a formaldehyde absorbing particles for an air purifier and a preparation method of the formaldehyde absorbing particles. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing high chlorinated polyethylene and ethidene diamine in a mass ratio of 1:5 and stirring to react; then, washing a reaction product by distilled water; then washing the reaction product by ethanol until the lotion is colorless and transparent; filtering, drying the filter residues and grinding into powder; uniformly mixing the powder and diatomite in a mass ratio of 1:(3-8); and granulating the powder until the particle diameter of particles is 2-3mm, so as to obtain the formaldehyde absorbing particles for the air purifier. The formaldehyde absorbing particles disclosed by the invention have relatively high porosity and specific surface area and formaldehyde in air passing through a filter screen is conveniently contacted with the surfaces of the particles, so that formaldehyde absorbing reaction is facilitated and an aminated polymer in the formaldehyde absorbing particles for the air purifier can form stable Mannich base by virtue of chemical action, so that the concentration of formaldehyde is effectively reduced, and the pollution caused by secondary release is avoided; and the cost is low.

The invention discloses a magnetic fly ash ceramsite and a preparation method thereof. The ceramsite is prepared by mixing and melting a certain amount of mixture and a sodium bicarbonate solution accounting for 15-30% of the weight of the mixture; wherein the mixture is prepared by mixing the following components such as fly ash, clay powder, carbon powder, and magnetic ferric oxide powder according to a mass ratio of (65-80):(15-40):(15-30):(2-15). The main raw material of the magnetic fly ash ceramsite is fly ash, which is very cheap. Moreover, the pollution caused by the fly ash can be solved at the same time, the waste is converted into valuable source, and the waste is used to treat wastes. The provided magnetic fly ash ceramsite has the advantages of corrosion resistance, high strength, rough surface, and fast membrane forming, and is capable of prominently improving the treatment effect on wastewater (namely the bio-degradation effect is improved).

The invention discloses a filtering structure and a preparation method of the filtering structure. The filtering structure comprises a film cylinder formed by winding a strip-shaped porous filtering material, and a joint formed by winding the porous filtering material is not parallel to the central axis of the film cylinder. When the filtering structure bears internal and external pressure, the maximum principal stress of the filtering structure is perpendicular to the central axis and acts on each round section. According to a traditional straight joint filtering structure (a joint is parallel to the central axis of the filtering structure), the joint directly bears the maximum principal stress, and the requirement of weld joint strength is high. When the joint is not parallel to the central axis of the film cylinder, the joint mainly bears component force of the principal stress, namely radial stress and axial stress, the two stress values are obviously smaller than the principal stress of the straight joint filtering structure, and therefore the thickness of the filtering structure can be obviously reduced at the same work pressure and the same pipe diameter. The porosity can beobviously increased, so that the effect filtering area is improved.

The invention provides a sintering method with a part of return mine being sintered without being pelletized. The method comprises the following steps: batching; material mixing; secondary mixing for pelletization; material distributing; igniting; sintering; crushing and cooling; screening; index detecting for agglomerate. The sintering raw materials prepared in step of batching comprise the following materials: 40-80% of hematite, 5-50% of return mine, 0-10% of quicklime, 0-10% of dolomite, 0-10% of limestone and 3-8% of coke powder; before the step of material mixing, 3-50% of the return mine is taken out, and directly added in the sintering raw materials after the secondary mixing for pelletization without participating in the steps of material mixing and the secondary mixing for pelletization. The method can improve pelletization effect and sintering air permeability, and utilization coefficient of sintering.

The invention discloses an iron-modified biochar particle as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps: placing a biomass material in a soluble ferric salt solution with the concentration of 0.5 mol*L<-1>, soaking for 1.5-3 days, taking out the soaked biomass material, drying at the temperature of 45-80 DEG C, and cracking at the temperature of 700-900 DEG C for 2 hours. A filling material of a permeable reactive barrier integrates the characteristics of high specific surface area and high porosity of biochar and the reducing capacity of iron, hexavalent chromium is reduced into trivalent chromium with relatively low toxicity through a reduction effect in underground water, and then the trivalent chromium is fixed through an adsorption effect and a complexing effect; the filling material of the permeable reactive barrier has good permeability, can efficiently remove hexavalent chromium for a long time in acidic and weakly alkaline environments, and is wide in raw material source, low in manufacturing cost and simple and convenient to synthesize.

The invention relates to a soil remediation method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing biological molecular sieves by mixing molecular sieves and microorganisms; (2) uniformly mixing the biological molecular sieves and soil according to the mass ration of (1-3) to 100 to obtain primarily treated soil, and 50-70 days later, uniformly mixing the biological molecular sieves and the primarily treated soil according to the mass ratio of (1-3) to 100. The biological molecular sieves obtained according to the method disclosed by the invention have good adsorption and ion exchange properties, meet the requirements of soil remediation and improvement, and enhance microorganism groups of the soil; the biological molecular sieves can be directly used as a soil amendment to improve the supply condition of beneficial trace elements required by crops, reduce the soil sourness and improve the base exchange capacity of soil, the content of heavy metal ions can be reduced by 40 percent in about 20 days, and the chemical residues can be reduced by 50 percent; and the biological molecular sieves can be used for improving the soil structure, regulating the PH value and chemical and physical properties, and degrading deposited chemicals and organic substances.

The invention provides a novel special liquid fertilizer for rice capable of comprehensively controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and a preparation method thereof. The novel special liquid fertilizer is prepared from the following components: 5 to 15 parts of urea-ammonium nitrate solution, 5 to 15 parts of ammonium polyphosphate solution, 5 to 10 parts of potash fertilizer, 0.1 to 2 parts of microelement, 20 to 50 parts of water, 1 to 10 parts of homemade plant pesticide extracting solution, 1 to 2 parts of soil conditioner, 1 to 5 parts of natural activity organic materials, and 1 to 5 parts of natural surfactant, wherein the homemade plant pesticide extracting solution is prepared from mixing trifolium pratense, folium artemisiae argyi, herba houttuyniae, semen persicae and black false hellebore in proportion, and extracting with water. The preparation method comprises the steps of adding the prepared urea-ammonium nitrate solution and the ammonium polyphosphate solution in proportion according to a formula into a mixing tank; then adding the other metered materials into the mixing tank; stirring, dissolving and filtering to prepare the liquid fertilizer. The liquid fertilizer provided by the invention is convenient to use and good in effect, and is a special multi-functional environment-friendly liquid fertilizer for the rice.

The invention discloses an efficient multi-bin fibrous material tearing machine. The machine comprises a box body and an auger conveyer, wherein the interior of the box body is divided into an upper bin and a lower bin, a feeding pipe is arranged on one side of the upper portion of the upper bin, a discharging pipe is arranged on the lower portion of the lower bin, a first cylinder is arranged on the lower portion of the auger conveyer and connected with a baffle, and the upper edge of the baffle is 3-10 mm away from a screw blade; a second cylinder is arranged on the upper portion of the feeding pipe and connected with a fibrous material tearing column, and barbs are arranged on the surface of the fibrous material tearing column; a second motor is arranged on the outer side of the upper bin and connected with a horizontal stirring shaft, and spines are arranged on the horizontal stirring shaft in a stagger mode; fibrous material falling holes are formed in the lower plane of the upper bin, a third motor is arranged at one end of the lower bin and connected with a longitudinal stirring shaft, brads are arranged on the longitudinal stirring shaft in a stagger mode, and a suction fan is arranged in the discharging pipe. According to the machine, multi-bin processing is conducted, materials are torn multiple times in different directions, a product is fluffy, fine and soft, equipment burden is small, service life is long, and production efficiency is high.

The invention discloses a synergistic-denitration type liquid boiler clinker removal agent and a preparation method and application thereof and belongs to the field of clean combustion of coal.The clinker removal agent is prepared from, by weight, 5-20% of magnesium acetate, 1-5% of copper nitrate, 1-5% of nickel nitrate, 2-10% of ammonium nitrate, 3-10% of boric acid, 0.5-2% of cerium nitrate and the balance water.The clinker removal agent is atomized and added into a boiler through jetting, magnesium acetate is decomposed to generate MgO and alkyl (CHi) at the high temperature, the fuel intermediate CHi has reduction action for NO, the content of NO in flue gas can be reduced, the synertistic effect is achieved for denitration, generated nanoscale MgO pores are high in specific surface area, the clinker removal agent can serve as a catalytic carrier of a denitration reaction and also can react with a low-melting-point compound in a clinker layer to raise the clinker melting point so that clinker can be loosened and be crispy, the clinker removal agent is small in consumption and can obviously reduce the boiler coking phenomenon, and meanwhile the good synergistic NO removal effect is achieved.

The invention provides a high-yield planting method of Citrus grandis'Tomentosa' and belongs to the technical field of CitrusgrandisOsbeckvar.tomentosaHort.. The method comprises the following steps of soil preparation, transplanting, fertilization management, flower-formation promoting, fruit retention and disease and insect pest control. The porousness of soil can be increased through fine sand, and the growth of plant roots is promoted; by the addition of quicklime and an EM bacteria solution, microbial decomposition during fermentation is accelerated, and germs, eggs and the like in raw materials are eliminated. The raw materials which are used in the method and comprise cow dung, pig manure, peat, plant ash, pine needle leaves, rape seed cakes and peanut cakes contain relatively comprehensive microelements required for the growth of plants. After cottonseed hulls are fermented, a lot of crude proteins can be obtained and then decomposed into polypeptides or amino acids so that the growth of the roots can be promoted, seedlings are strong, plants are healthy, the photosynthesis of leaves, the anti-adversity ability and the disease and insect resistance of crops are enhanced, and the method has obvious yield-increasing effects on various crops.

A multi-grain simultaneous cooking type grain steaming method includes steps: (1) preparing a multi-grain material from five grains including sorghum, rice, glutinous rice, wheat and corns; (2) treating sorghum; (3) treating corns; (4) treating rice and glutinous rice; (5) treating wheat; (6) well mixing grains treated at steps (2), (3), (4) and (5), cooking at an ordinary pressure for 10-100min, spreading to cool, and performing inoculation and saccharification. The grains with huge differences in moisture absorptivity, hardness, size, starch type and the like are uniformly and simultaneously cooked according to different cooking methods; by whole-grain steaming of sorghum, porosity of a mixing system is improved; extra addition of rice hulls as a bulking agent is avoided, bran flavor in wine is reduced, wine purity is improved, and the foundation is provided for subsequent yeast efficient saccharification and high-quality alcoholic fermentation.

The invention discloses a method for increasing coal-bed gas recovery ratio by using coal-bed indigenous microbes and belongs to the technical field of microbial gas recovery. The method comprises the steps: (1) sampling a coal-bed gas well coal-bed yielded water sample, and carrying out an analysis on the variety and quantity of beneficial indigenous microbes in the obtained coal-bed yielded water sample, wherein the beneficial indigenous microbes are microbes, which produce methane, nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide through metabolism, in a coal bed; (2) determining a formula of a nutrient solution suitable for the growth of the indigenous microbes according to an analysis result on the indigenous microbes obtained in the step (1); (3) preparing the nutrient solution, and injecting the nutrient solution into a gas well. Through adding a nutritional system into the coal bed, beneficial indigenous microflora in the coal bed are activated, and the yield of coal-bed gas is increased by using gases such as methane, nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide and organic acids generated through the underground fermentation of the indigenous microflora. According to the method, bacterial solutions are not required to be prepared, the process is simple, the operation is easy, and the method is safe and environment-friendly.