316 results about "Intercropping" patented technology

The invention discloses an intelligent nutrient circulation regulation and control method for a morchella esculenta fruit forest intercropping system based on the Internet of Things, particularly relates to the technical field of intelligent agriculture, and is used for solving the problem of symbiosis imbalance of hyphae and fruit trees caused by nutrient regulation and control lag and static threshold setting in the prior art. Hypha density, electric signal dominant frequency and root system absorption rate data are collected in real time through a multispectral impedance sensor and an ion selective electrode array, and a space-time aligned dynamic matrix is constructed; dynamically updating a nutrient balance threshold value based on a real-time ratio of a hypha metabolism rate to an absorption rate, and generating a nutrient transfer priority by combining collaborative analysis of a hypha transfer direction included angle and an electric signal main frequency offset gradient; a continuous transfer path is identified through a region growing algorithm, water and fertilizer amounts are distributed according to priorities, and a local area instruction is generated; and inverting the equipment response delay by using the high-frequency pulse signal, synchronously adjusting the execution frequency and updating the dynamic matrix and the threshold parameter, thereby realizing the dynamic adaptation and autonomous optimization of the nutrient supply and demand of the intercropping system.

The invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to an intelligent water distribution system and method for root space-time competition of an intercropping system, and is applied to agricultural precise irrigation, efficient utilization of water resources and management of the intercropping system. According to the system, the ground penetrating radar and the multispectral laser technology are fused, and crop root system distribution, activity and nutrient data are accurately obtained. Based on transfer learning and multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms, a root system competition model is constructed, and an optimal water distribution strategy is intelligently decided. The deformable drip irrigation execution module achieves precise irrigation, the water consumption is greatly reduced by 20%-35%, and waste is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the system balances the growth requirements of intercropping crops, relieves root competition, improves the overall yield and stability, and the amplification reaches 15%-25%. According to the system, the utilization efficiency of water resources is remarkably improved, and powerful support is provided for sustainable development of modern agriculture.

The invention discloses a method for ecologically controlling pests in a citrus orchard, which comprises the following steps of: preparing mint, salvia officinalis and ageratum conyzoides in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in the middle of the citrus orchard to form a strip-shaped or chessboard-shaped layout with the coverage area of 30-50%, and synergistically repelling the pests and attracting natural enemies by utilizing plant volatile matters; the method specifically comprises the steps that an intercropping belt is arranged at the position 1 m away from citrus trees, the belt width is 2 m, and the plant row spacing is 30 cm * 40 cm; citrus field planting is conducted, transplanting is conducted in spring of the next year, organic fertilizer and regular pruning and covering (three times every year, soil covering is conducted after smashing, and wood vinegar is added) are combined; mint releases menthol, salvia officinalis releases eucalyptol to expel parasites, ageratum conyzoides attracts predatory mites to control red spiders, and mineral oil and a yellow sticky card are supplemented for prevention and control; aiming at facility cultivation, LED supplementary lighting (red light: blue light: white light = 3: 1: 1) and fan diffusion volatile matters are additionally arranged. The use of chemical pesticides is reduced by 40% or above, the pest population density is reduced by 50%-70%, meanwhile, the diversity of soil organic matter and microorganisms is improved, and the method is suitable for open-air and greenhouse citrus orchards.

The invention discloses an ecological cultivation method for preventing pepper phytophthora blight, which comprises the following steps: step 1, soaking pepper seeds in warm water at 40-50 DEG C for 10-30 minutes, soaking for a short time to achieve the effect of softening seed coats, soaking the pepper seeds in normal-temperature water at 20-25 DEG C for 4-8 hours after soaking in warm water to ensure that the seeds absorb sufficient water, and then soaking the pepper seeds in the warm water for 10-30 minutes; soaking the chilli seeds after absorbing water in a disinfectant, thoroughly washing the seeds with clear water for 2-3 times after soaking and disinfection, and taking out the residual disinfectant; according to the ecological cultivation method for preventing pepper phytophthora blight, the disease resistance is remarkably improved through seed multi-stage treatment (gradient water temperature soaking, composite disinfection and three-bacterium coating), and the pathogen infection risk is reduced by combining seedling culture substrate bacteriostasis and a degradable non-woven fabric root protection technology; the comprehensive income is improved through application of the degradable material and basil intercropping, and finally the occurrence rate of pepper phytophthora blight is reduced.

The invention discloses a planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles of silage corn, which solves the problems of soil degradation and diseases and insect pests caused by continuous cropping by integrating soil physical remediation, chemical remediation, biological remediation, microbial community regulation and ecological intercropping technologies. The core technology content comprises the steps that deep ploughing is combined with organic matter and a biochar modifier to repair the soil structure, a compound microbial agent is sprayed to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, leguminous green manure and commercial crop rape are used for improving nitrogen circulation and reducing the autotoxicity effect every two years, and a precise fertilization management technology is matched. After the scheme is implemented, the soil health condition is remarkably improved, the silage corn yield is remarkably increased, and good ecological and economic benefits are achieved.

The utility model discloses an intercropping and seeding all-in-one machine, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a rack, and a soil leveling mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a drip irrigation tape laying mechanism, a mulching film laying mechanism, a first soil covering mechanism, a seeding mechanism, a second soil covering mechanism and a pressing mechanism which are sequentially arranged from front to back along a first direction. Through the soil leveling mechanism, the fertilization mechanism, the drip irrigation tape laying mechanism, the mulching film laying mechanism, the first soil covering mechanism, the sowing mechanism, the second soil covering mechanism and the pressing mechanism, the sowing operation of land preparation before sowing, fertilization, drip irrigation tape laying, film laying, sowing, soil covering on a film and complete pressing can be completed at a time. Compared with the traditional sowing operation that multiple machines and tools enter the land repeatedly, the soil can be protected, the operation efficiency is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil improvement method which comprises the following steps: soil preparation: irrigating after ploughing; compacting the soil: compacting the air-dried soil; planting of the gramineae plants and the leguminous plants: intercropping the gramineae plants and the leguminous plants after rotary tillage, wherein the distance between the adjacent gramineae plants and leguminous plants is 30-45cm. According to the method, a blocking layer for limiting downward movement of soil moisture and upward migration of underground moisture is formed in a soil compaction mode, salt moves along with repeated evaporation of moisture is established, before compaction, soil is turned over and irrigated, salt is promoted to permeate downwards, compaction is conducted after turning over and irrigating, on one hand, salt infiltration is further promoted, on the other hand, the salt content is reduced, and the soil quality is improved. After compaction, surface soil is subjected to rotary tillage to loosen, so that root systems of the corn and the soybeans laterally develop, and the surface soil is improved by utilizing ecological habits of different crops and a root system distribution difference principle.

The invention provides a mulberry intercropping fertilization method and device, and the method comprises the steps: extracting the root space distribution of mulberries and intercropping plants from the root depth data of mulberries and intercropping plants in a planting region, and determining the concentration gradient distribution of soil nutrients in the planting region; determining migration and diffusion characteristics of soil nutrients in a fertilization buffer area in a planting area by combining root system spatial distribution with concentration gradient distribution; determining the nutrient utilization rate of mulberries and intercropping plants according to the growth index parameters of crops in each crop fertilization area in the planting area, and determining the nutrient supplement amount of each crop fertilization area based on the nutrient utilization rate and the concentration gradient distribution; determining a dynamic regulation and control curve of fertilization in the planting area according to the migration and diffusion characteristics and all nutrient supplement amounts, and performing precise fertilization on mulberries and intercropping plants in the planting area based on the dynamic regulation and control curve. By adopting the scheme provided by the invention, fertilization of mulberries and intercropping plants in the planting area can be dynamically regulated and controlled.

The invention provides a density-increasing and nitrogen-reducing efficient planting method for intercropping corn with leguminous green manure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: 1, mixing corn seeds with a seed accelerating agent, and soaking; mixing and stirring the leguminous green manure plant seeds and the coating agent; step 2, optimizing wide and narrow row spacing, sowing corn seeds, and sowing leguminous green manure plant seeds in a peak shifting manner; 3, base fertilizer is applied along with ploughing, and additional fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and leaf fertilizer are applied in the corn growing period; 4, water quantity management in the corn growing period; 5, leguminous green manure plants are cut, turned and pressed, and a decomposition agent is applied; the problems of low planting density, high nitrogen fertilizer dependence, insufficient green manure utilization rate and the like in the existing corn intercropping leguminous green manure technology are solved by optimizing wide and narrow rows, enhancing the nitrogen fixation capability of the green manure, efficiently turning and pressing the green manure and the like.

The invention discloses a Yunnan angelica sinensis and white kidney bean intercropping ecological planting method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) seed selection; (2) land selection; (3) soil preparation; (4) compartment arrangement and film covering; (5) sowing and transplanting; (6) field management: a, intertilling and weeding; b, thinning and final singling; c, erecting a frame to guide vines; d, topdressing; e, pipe drainage; (7) pest control; (8) harvesting. The angelica sinensis direct seeding and transplanting and white kidney bean ecological intercropping technology is provided, the economic benefit of the unit land area of the northwest Yunnan high mountain area is improved, leguminous plants have the nitrogen fixation effect, soil improvement is facilitated, the soil ecological environment quality is improved, sustainable utilization of the agricultural environment of the angelica sinensis genuine production area can be achieved, and the economic benefit is increased. The high-quality development of the traditional Chinese medicinal material industry is facilitated.

The invention discloses a soybean-corn intercropping nitrogen and phosphorus synergistic efficient utilization method based on rhizosphere signals, and relates to the technical field of microbial technology and agricultural engineering, a BX-pH dual sensor array is deployed in a root system intersection area, and the concentration and microscale pH change of benzoxazoline are monitored in real time; processing data by using two-stage feature transformation and a time sequence attention bidirectional GRU model, calculating a nitrogen-phosphorus disconnection coefficient and positioning risk coordinates; then, a buffer-antioxidant bifunctional nano-carrier is injected along the risk coordinates, neutralization acidification is carried out, and active oxygen is eliminated; after acidification and active oxygen signals are reduced to threshold values, DualFlow functional bacteria are inoculated at the same coordinate, and nutrition flow is recovered through phosphorus dissolution and nitrogen fixation synergistically; finally, a transport gene activation signal and nitrogen fixation intensity are continuously monitored through a BX-pH sensor array, and root zone water and proton outflow is adjusted in combination with variable-frequency pulse irrigation. Nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency is remarkably improved, chemical fertilizer dependence is reduced, and crop yield and soil health are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of planting and cultivation, in particular to a double-high-yield cross composite planting method for alfalfa and ryegrass in dry land. The method comprises the following steps that alfalfa and perennial ryegrass are sown in drill, and an alfalfa planting strip and a perennial ryegrass planting strip are perpendicular to each other; wherein the medicago sativa planting strips and the perennial ryegrass planting strips comprise wide rows and narrow rows, and the ratio of the number of the wide rows to the number of the narrow rows is (3-5): 1. Compared with conventional intercropping, the total soil moisture content, the soil bulk density, the soil porosity, the soil saturated water and the field moisture capacity of planting with the method are all increased, and the total yield is also increased by 20.89% compared with that of conventional intercropping. By means of the planting method, the water binding capacity of soil can be improved, water competition among plants is relieved, and water-saving intercropping of double high yields of alfalfa and perennial ryegrass in the dry land is achieved.

The invention provides a method for repairing acidified soil in a cherry orchard based on intercropping of green manure plants, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement. The method comprises the following steps: spreading a soil conditioner into the cherry orchard, sowing green manure plants among rows or plants of cherry trees, covering the cherry orchard with the green manure plants in a no-tillage manner after cutting, crushing the whole green manure plants in the next year, and then turning and pressing the green manure plants, the soil conditioner comprises biochar, a compound microbial agent, an organic fertilizer and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; the composite microbial inoculant comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, pseudomonas aeruginosa and a microbial inoculant carrier. The method provided by the invention can significantly improve the nutrients of the cherry orchard soil, improve the soil structure, increase the pH value of the acidic soil, reduce the content of exchangeable acids, and play a role in improving the acidic soil of the cherry orchard.

The invention discloses an efficient composite intercropping method for pomegranate, dry rice and broad bean grain, which scientifically combines pomegranate (economic output), dry rice (grain output) and broad bean (partial economic output and biological nitrogen fixation and land cultivation), realizes functional complementation, and breaks through the single target limitation of the traditional intercropping mode. Through effective connection of crops for rotation of'broad bean sowing in winter and upland rice sowing in spring ', full utilization of light and heat resources and land in the orchard from winter to spring, summer and autumn in the next year is realized, and the multiple cropping index is remarkably improved; the pomegranate utilizes the upper-layer three-dimensional space, and the upland rice and the broad beans utilize the middle-lower-layer space, so that an efficient three-dimensional lighting structure and space combination are formed; the nitrogen fixation effect of the rhizobium of the broad beans can directly increase the nitrogen nutrition of the soil, the straw returning can increase the organic matters of the soil, and the built-in fertilizing mechanism of the orchard effectively relieves the consumption of the intercropping system on the soil fertility and ensures the sustainability of the mode.

The invention provides a winter wheat root system water-saving property identification method, system and device, and relates to the technical field of crop water-saving property identification, intercropping is performed in a specified test area, and a competitive area and a non-competitive area are divided to calculate an area competitive index. Collecting a winter wheat root system sample in the elongation stage, analyzing the root system length and surface area of the sample in different soil depths, and generating a root system growth index; meanwhile, acquiring soil water content data, calculating the water absorption capacity and the water utilization efficiency of the winter wheat, and analyzing a root system water absorption coefficient in combination with a root system growth index; and generating a water-saving evaluation index according to the water utilization efficiency and the root water absorption coefficient, and comparing the regional competition index with a set water-saving threshold value to judge the root water-saving property of the winter wheat.

The invention discloses a tea tree intercropping wild peanut ecological cultivation method capable of inhibiting weed growth, and particularly relates to the field of plant cultivation methods. The method comprises the following steps of soil preparation, wherein ploughing is conducted between every two tea rows after the beginning of winter; planting in a tea garden: taking a mature tea garden as a main part, watering enough root fixing water after planting tea seedlings, immediately pruning, and planting wild peanuts after the tea trees form the tea garden; the wild peanuts are subjected to cutting propagation, a cutting bed is selected in a sunshade shed, and clean river sand is adopted as a substrate; after cuttage, water is sprayed to keep wet, roots can grow after 3 days, and when fibrous roots grow 3 cm after 10 days, transplanting can be conducted; field planting of wild peanuts: fertile loam is adopted as cultivation soil, illumination and drainage conditions are good, and a compact lawn can be formed in a short time; trimming the wild peanuts: mowing for more than two times in the vigorous growth period of the wild peanuts in spring and summer every year, and returning the flatly-sheared wild peanuts to the field in situ. By adopting the technical scheme, the problem that weeds affect the growth of tea trees during existing tea tree cultivation is solved, and the quality of tea leaves is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of green prevention and control of crops, in particular to an ecological synergistic prevention and control method for diseases and insect pests suitable for strawberry planting in plateau regions, which attracts natural enemy insects by intercropping umbelliferae, compositae and leguminous functional plants, and naturally controls the population number of honeydew type pests such as trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphids and scale insects. The soil fertility is maintained through green manure rotation, the strawberry sooty mould occurrence rate is effectively reduced, the strawberry fruit quality and yield are improved, and the method has the advantages of being green, safe, low in investment and high in benefit.

The invention relates to a soybean and wheat relay intercropping no-tillage high-low ridge cultivation method which comprises the following steps: step 1, field ridging configuration: performing no-tillage or shallow rotary tillage, and then ridging according to alternately repeated units; each unit comprises a high ridge and an adjacent low ridge, and the ridge surface of the high ridge is higher than the ridge surface of the low ridge to form a height difference; the high ridges are used for planting wheat, and the low ridges are used for planting soybeans; 2, wheat sowing, wherein wheat is sown on the high ridges in the first area in autumn. According to the technical scheme, a comprehensive technical scheme of spatial dislocation (high and low ridges), time dislocation and physical obstruction can significantly improve the growth environment of the soybean seedling stage in a relay intercropping system, reduce the competitive inhibition effect of previous wheat, lay a solid foundation for high yield of soybean, and have an effect obviously superior to that of a traditional relay intercropping mode.

This invention relates to a method for dense planting of grain and medicinal herbs in intercropping, specifically within the field of intercropping of crops and medicinal herbs. The development of modern agriculture through corn / Astragalus intercropping requires reducing water and fertilizer inputs while maintaining high yields. However, it faces challenges such as unscientific management and a lack of technical support for increasing yield and reducing emissions. The method described herein is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Pre-planting tillage; Step 2: Drip irrigation tape installation and sowing; Step 3: Irrigation and fertilization in the first year; Step 4: First corn harvest: Harvest the corn at its optimal harvest time in the planting year, and then shred the corn stalks to cover the Astragalus in the furrows; Step 5: Planting corn in the second year; Step 6: Irrigation and fertilization in the second year; Step 7: Harvesting the corn on the ridges and the Astragalus in the furrows in the second year, and shredding and returning the corn stalks to the field after the second harvest; Step 8: Tilling the furrows.

The utility model relates to an orchard green manure cutting, turning and pressing machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and can be used for cutting, crushing, turning and pressing green manure crops intercropped in a standard short stock orchard into soil and compacting and leveling the ground. The machine mainly comprises a green manure cutting device, a green manure turning and pressing device, a rotary soil crusher, a compacting machine, a main rack and the like. The green manure cutting device mainly comprises a cutting and crushing blade, a circular fixed cutter head and a flexible grass trimming rope, and is used for impacting and cutting roots of green manure stalks and crushing branches; the green manure turning and pressing device mainly comprises a plough share, a turning and pressing plough wall and a plough column and is used for turning and pressing the cut stalks into the soil by a proper depth; the rotary soil crusher mainly comprises a soil crushing blade, a soil crushing blade fixing plate and a soil crushing transmission shaft and is used for crushing furrow ploughed by the plough share and refining soil blocks. The machine integrates the functions of stalk cutting, turning and pressing into soil and ground leveling, and has the characteristics of low winding blockage rate, high turning and pressing coverage rate and ground leveling.

The invention discloses a method for repairing alkaline cadmium-polluted farmland in arid and semi-arid regions and application of the method, and belongs to the technical field of soil repairing. According to the method, the alkaline cadmium polluted farmland soil in the arid and semi-arid areas is subjected to deep ploughing treatment, and organic materials are applied to improve the soil fertility and the environment and health quality. On the basis, an intercropping planting system suitable for the arid and semi-arid land area is constructed, low-cadmium-accumulation grain crops and high-cadmium-accumulation plants are reasonably selected according to the ecological conditions and crop characteristics of the area, and an intercropping combination of low-absorption grain crops and enriched economic crop plants is formed. According to the system, organic unification of source reduction of heavy metal pollution in soil, pollution control in the planting process and continuous and safe utilization of the farmland is achieved, the dual goals of pollution remediation and farmland production are taken into account, and pollution reduction and collaborative improvement of economic benefits are achieved; and a feasible technical path is provided for ecological restoration of alkaline heavy metal polluted farmlands in arid and semi-arid regions.

This invention relates to the field of yam cultivation technology, and in particular to a method for intercropping virus-free yam varieties in the field, comprising (1) field organic matter cultivation, (2) yam intercropping, and (3) field management. This invention addresses the characteristics of virus-free yam varieties, such as good resistance and excellent growth patterns, by specifically improving the soil during intercropping with cowpeas. This results in soil rich in organic matter and mineral nutrients, providing a favorable environment for microbial activity. This fosters good interaction between microorganisms and cowpeas in the soil, promoting the growth of cowpeas and rapeseed. Utilizing the shielding effect and root activity of cowpeas and rapeseed, the water and fertilizer retention capacity and soil activity of the soil are improved, significantly promoting yam growth and improving yam quality.

The invention discloses a winter wheat ridging, sowing and summer crop ridge sealing intercropping mode and a planting technology, and is characterized in that winter wheat and summer corn are intercropped in a one-year double cropping mode to form a strip planting unit; wherein the strip-shaped planting unit is provided with ridges and ditches, and the ridges and the ditches are arranged alternately; the ridges are formed by gathering soil, and sowing is carried out on the winter wheat ridges; ridge sealing, ridge soil and wheat straw stubbles are smashed, subjected to rotary tillage and turned into ditches, ridges form ditches, ditches form ridges, the ridges and the ditches are interchanged, and summer corn ridges in the ditches are sealed; the steps of ridge turning, ridge sealing, summer corn straw smashing and rotary tillage are carried out to change positions of furrows, and winter wheat is sown on ridges. By means of the mode, the problems that traditional two-season flat furrow land planting is low in illumination and temperature utilization rate, high in energy consumption, hardened in soil and serious in water resource and fertilizer waste can be overcome, and meanwhile the problems that summer corn is prone to being affected by disastrous weather, production cost is increased, and the summer corn cannot keep up with national strategic requirements and sustainable development can be solved. The acre yield does not meet the expected value, and diseases and weather disasters are serious.

This application relates to the field of smart agriculture technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for assessing the drought resistance capacity of intercropping of rice and beans. The method includes: acquiring daily soil moisture variation data and environmental parameter variation data of the cultivated land to be assessed; decoupling the soil moisture variation data based on the environmental parameter variation data to obtain humidity variation parameters, including transpiration-humidity variation parameters and temperature-humidity variation parameters; inputting the humidity variation parameters, environmental parameter variation data, and daily soil moisture variation data as samples into a preset soil assessment model to update the preset soil drought resistance assessment model; and inputting temperature change prediction data for the time to be predicted and the time to be predicted into the updated preset soil drought resistance assessment model to obtain the assessment result. This method allows for a more accurate assessment of soil drought resistance by inputting future temperature changes into the corrected prediction model.

The utility model discloses a water and nitrogen absorption root system culture observation device for a leguminous green manure intercropping field. The water and nitrogen absorption root system culture observation device comprises an outer frame, an observation tank, a supporting frame and a climbing rod. The outer frame is of a cuboid structure, a plurality of containing grooves are formed in the outer frame and used for containing observation tanks, and labels are arranged on the front portions of the containing grooves. The observation tank is a transparent cylindrical tank with an open top and a closed bottom, and the outer wall of the observation tank is attached to the inner wall of the containing groove. The supporting frame is located in the observation tank and comprises a vertically-arranged supporting rod and a fixing ring. The climbing rods are rotatably arranged in the supporting frame, and threaded grooves with different curvatures are formed in the surfaces of rod bodies. Root growth is directly observed through the transparent observation tank, the device does not need to be opened, the natural growth environment of the root is prevented from being disturbed, and observation accuracy is improved. The threaded groove of the climbing rod guides the root system to grow orderly, so that the root system is uniformly distributed, the root systems at different positions are conveniently and comprehensively observed, and the growth condition of the root system is accurately evaluated.

The invention discloses an application of a soybean 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase gene in improving the growth of intercropping corn. The gene HID1 can promote soybean to synthesize isoflavone, recruit bacillus and promote mycorrhizal fungi infection, so that the growth of intercropped corn is promoted, and the gene HID1 has important significance in illuminating the biological function of the GmHID1 gene in leguminous crop intercropping and regulating and controlling the synergistic growth promotion of plants, mycorrhizal fungi and bacillus in intercropping.

The invention discloses a measuring device and method for researching soil greenhouse gas emission under interaction of different plant species. The measuring device comprises an interspecific interaction chamber and plant planting chambers arranged at the two ends. The two plant planting chambers and the interspecific interaction chamber are connected in any two of the following modes (1)-(3): (1) a blank separation frame; 2) a 20 [mu] m nylon net separation frame; and 3) a plastic film separation frame: a static box is arranged on the interseed interaction chamber, so that forced airflow circulation and gas sampling are realized. According to the method, the influence of the root interaction and litter mixing effect in the intercropping / mixed forest system on greenhouse gas emission can be quantified, and theoretical support is provided for low-carbon agricultural measures (such as optimized planting combination); policy support: accurately evaluating the greenhouse gas source / sink function of the agriculture and forestry ecosystem, assisting carbon accounting and emission reduction technology research and development, and responding to global climate change to cope with demands.

The invention discloses a high-yield and high-quality planting method for rice in a tobacco and rice multiple cropping system, and relates to the technical field of rice cultivation. The planting method comprises the steps of sowing and seedling raising, seedling field management, transplanting, field management and harvesting. According to the method, the most suitable transplanting age of the post-tobacco rice, a post-tobacco-harvesting field retting method, variety selection, water and fertilizer management and related technologies of pest control and prevention are optimized, the contradiction of labor and time competition between the tobacco leaf final-harvesting period and the rice transplanting period is effectively coordinated, and the yield and quality of the rice in tobacco and rice multiple cropping are improved. Compared with a traditional planting method, the rice yield is higher, and the yield per mu is increased by 3.5%-4.5%; the agronomic characters such as rice uniformity, plant type, leaf color and maturing period color change are good; the rice stress resistance is stronger, the morbidity of false smut is 5% or below, and the morbidity of rice stem borers is 7-8%; the rice processing quality, the appearance quality and the cooking taste quality are excellent.

The invention provides an intelligent decision-making method and device for farmland fertilization and irrigation based on artificial intelligence, relates to the field of artificial intelligence, and solves the technical problems of fertilizer waste and shortage caused by no consideration of a competitive relationship and a complementary relationship for fertilizer nutrient absorption when a single crop is fertilized and irrigated and other crops are intercropped. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring multi-source heterogeneous data of the mixed cropping crops and preprocessing the multi-source heterogeneous data; inputting the preprocessed multi-source heterogeneous data into a feature extraction model to obtain crop growth state features and environment time sequence features; based on the ecological niche theory, analyzing ecological niche balance indexes of the mixed crops for fertilizer competition and supply; and based on the ecological niche balance index, fusing the crop growth state characteristics and the environment time sequence characteristics to predict the fertilizer demand quantity of the mixed crops and the execution time of fertilization and irrigation, and obtaining a fertilization and irrigation strategy. The device is used in the farmland fertilization and irrigation process.

The invention discloses a water-saving and emission-reducing grass-growing strip-shaped intercropping and interplanting method for a wheat and corn system in a groundwater limited mining area in North China Plain. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing strip-shaped simultaneous sowing on wheat and clover, only performing accurate water and fertilizer regulation and control on a wheat strip in a wheat growth period, and interplanting corn in the clover strip in a no-tillage manner when the wheat enters a dough stage; after the crops are harvested, the straw is smashed, covered and returned to the field, the clover naturally overwinter, and the next planting cycle is carried out; by means of the planting method, annual water consumption and carbon and nitrogen footprint can be effectively reduced, annual grain yield stability is maintained, meanwhile, soil enzyme activity and microbial environment are improved, cooperation of water saving, emission reduction, stable yield and soil improvement is achieved, and technical support is provided for agricultural sustainable development of underground water mining limit areas.