506 results about "Hectare" patented technology

Modern farming is currently being done by powerful ground equipment or aircraft that weigh several tons and treat uniformly tens of hectares per hour. Automated farming can use small, agile, lightweight, energy-efficient automated robotic equipment that flies to do the same job, even able to farm on a plant-by-plant basis, allowing for new ways of farming. A hybrid airship-drone has both passive lift provided by a gas balloon and active lift provided by propellers. A hybrid airship-drone may be cheaper, more stable in flight, and require less maintenance than other aerial vehicles such as quadrocopters. However, hybrid airship-drones may also be larger in size and have more inertia that needs to be overcome for starting, stopping and turning.

The invention discloses an environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer and an application method thereof. The preparation of the biochar-based fertilizer comprises the following steps of: drying and crushing forestry and agricultural residues, then performing oxygen limited pyrolysis on the crushed materials for 1-5 hours at 300 to 700 DEG C, and sieving, thereby obtaining biochar; and after the biochar is fixed with persistent organic pollutant degrading bacteria, mixing the biochar with a fertilizer, stirring the two thoroughly, and adding a binder accounting for 1wt%-4wt% of the total weight, thus obtaining the environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer. For application, the prepared environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer is applied to soil by 100-1000 kg per hectare; the surface layer of soil, to which the biochar-based fertilizer is applied previously, is turned over by 0-20 cm, so that the biochar-based fertilizer is mixed with the soil thoroughly, and then the soil can be used for planting crops. The environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer provided by the invention overcomes the shortcoming that present biochar-based fertilizers contain organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, the influence of the fertilizer on soil and environment is alleviated, and the safety risk of agricultural products is reduced; moreover, the environmentally friendly biochar-based fertilizer has the advantages of simple and practicable preparation process, low cost and the like.

The invention relates to the field of the planting of vegetables, in particular to a purple sweet potato planting method suitable for the Northeast. The purple sweet potato planting method specifically comprises the steps of seed selection, seedling cultivation, land preparation, mulching cultivation, fertilization and field management. According to the invention, measures are adjusted to local conditions, a plurality of agricultural planting technologies are adopted to research the purple sweet potato planting method suitable for the Northeast, and the average yield per mu (15 hectares) can reach over 2,500kg after tests. In terms of that the average purple sweet potato price in the market is RMB6 / kg, even RMB18 / kg out of season, peasants can realize income growth by adopting the planting method provided by the invention.

The invention discloses a method for preparing and using a microbial immobilized material for repairing contaminated soil. The method comprises the following steps: (1) after being dried by air, the waste biomass raw material is pulverized or ground into 1-20mm of particles; (2) the biomass particles are carbonized and sterilized at the temperature of 150-450 DEG C and under limited oxygen condition for 0.5-6 hours to prepare a carrier material; (3) the carrier material is put into bacterium suspension for enrichment culture according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.5-2mL / g, then the microbial immobilized material is produced; (4) the produced microbial immobilized material is added to organic contaminated soil according to the proportion of 1-500 tons per hectare soil, 0-30cm of topsoil is ploughed to cause the microbial immobilized material to be mixed evenly in the soil, simultaneously, the contaminated soil is biologically repaired and safe agricultural products are produced. The method has the advantages that the carrier material contains abundant lignin structures, carbon and nutrient elements, which provides more suitable matrix for microbial growth; and the immobilized material has strong affinity, high immobilization efficiency, strong adsorption capacity and good resistance against the pollutants in the environment; and the immobilized material is a soil fertilizer, and is suitable for large-scale in-situ biological repair of the contaminated soil.

The invention belongs to the technical field of in-situ repair of soil polluted by heavy metals, in particular to a method for controlling and repairing soil polluted by a heavy metal of cadmium in situ. The method is characterized in that wheat straws with water content of 5 percent are crushed to straws less than or equal to 2 cm; the straws and 0-20cm of soil polluted by the heavy metals on the surface layer are mixed and treated for 90 days; and according to the standard that the content of cadmium in the polluted soil is 4.55mg / kg, the consumption of land blocks for planting Chinese cabbages is 15.4 ton / hectare and the consumption of land blocks for planting wheat is 23.2 ton / hectare. Farmland treated by the technology can be used for agriculture planting. The invention provides energy-saving, rapid and environment-friendly method for repairing farmland polluted by the heavy metal of cadmium in-situ.

The invention discloses a cultivation method for drily direct-seeding rice. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: A. dry soil preparation: drily ploughing and preparing the land, and raking the land thoroughly; B. application of fertilizer: during the whole growth period, the dosage of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium being 10-13 kg of N, 4-6 kg of P2O5 and 5-8 kg of K2O per mu (a unit of area, equal to 0.0667 hectares), wherein the nitrogen phosphorus and potassium in the base fertilizer is 40%, 100% and 50% of the planned dosage in the whole growth period; C. seed selection and coating: selecting high-yield large-panicle type or intermediate form type of rice seeds, utilizing a special dry cultivation seed coating agent to be mixed with the seeds; D. sowing: sowing the seeds in the last twenty days of April and the first ten days of June at a seed amount per mu of 1.5-4.0 kg; E. weed control: utilizing a weed control method of removing the weed, utilizing a herbicide and supplementing the rice seeds; F. water management: taking rainwater cultivation as a main manner from the seedling emergence period to a three-leaf and one-core period, and conducting flood irrigation from the three-leaf and one-core period to two weeks before harvesting; G. integrated control of diseases and pests. With adoption of the high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology for the drily direct-seeding rice, the average yield per mu is 608.7 kg, which is not lower than the conventional transplant planting pattern; furthermore, the moisture production efficiency and the grain nitrogen production efficiency are both obviously higher than that of the conventional transplant planting pattern.

The invention belongs to fertilizer technical field, more particularly relates to a rice special formula fertilizer, which is characterized in that effective elements of the fertilizer are calculated by weight percent of pure nutrient are nitrogen 25-15, phosphorus pentoxide 15-9, potassium oxide 20-12, silicon dioxide 5-0, calcium 8-0, sulphur 5-1 and zinc 2-1. Compared with the present technique, the rice special formula fertilizer of the invention has reasonable match, accords with the nutrient absorption law of rice, can promote rice growth obviously and raise rough rice output, increase economic benefits and improve rice nutriment quality. In application test, the rice special formula fertilizer of the invention increases the rice yield by 660-820 kg per hectare, increases income 756-146 RMB, increases crude protein, raw fat, crude fiber, nitrogenfree extract and crude ash by 4.1-8.6, 0.14-0.80, 0.4-0.8, 0.1-3.0, 0.4-1.0 percentage points respectively, increases brown rice rate, integral white rice rate, white rice rate of rice processed quality by 1.4%, 1.7% and 1.8% respectively, reduces chalkiness granule rate, chalkiness by 3.2% and 1.9% respectively, reduces content of amylose by 1.0%. In the meanwhile, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is raised by 5.1%-13.8%.

Modern farming is currently being done by powerful ground equipment or aircraft that weigh several tons and treat uniformly tens of hectares per hour. Automated farming can use small, agile, lightweight, energy-efficient automated robotic equipment that flies to do the same job, even able to farm on a plant-by-plant basis, allowing for new ways of farming. A hybrid airship-drone has both passive lift provided by a gas balloon and active lift provided by propellers. A hybrid airship-drone may be cheaper, more stable in flight, and require less maintenance than other aerial vehicles such as quadrocopters. However, hybrid airship-drones may also be larger in size and have more inertia that needs to be overcome for starting, stopping and turning.

The invention relates to a method utilizing coastal saline soil of the Yellow River Delta to grow peanuts, which comprises the following steps: (1) building platform fields which are 0.08-0.10 hectare in area and are separated by a main drainage ditch and drainage ditches; (2) respectively applying smashed crop straw and thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure to the surfaces of the platform fields, and then deeply ploughing and leveling the platform fields to obtain the leveled platform fields; (3) irrigating the leveled platform fields to enable the depth of water of the earth's surface to be 10-15cm, and obtaining the platform fields to be ploughed; (4) performing rotary tillage to the platform fields to be ploughed, then making rectangular pieces of land in the fields, establishing low banks of earth between the fields, sowing the peanuts in the flat rectangular pieces of land in the fields, applying compound fertilizer of 900-1,200kg / hectare and calcium superphosphate of 600-800kg / hectare between the lines, and covering a mulching film after seeding; and (5) performing field management according to the prior art. By means of the method, the coastal saline soil is improved effectively and economically, and good economic benefits and environmental benefits are obtained.

The invention discloses N-oxyaryloxyphenoxy carboxylic acid amide compound with weeding and inset killing bioactivities and preparation method thereof, wherein the compound is shown as formula (I). R1 is H or C1-C3 alkyl; R2 and R3 are the same or different and are H, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl and C1-C3 halogenated alkyl; X is CH or N; R is C3-C6 chain alkenyl, C3-C6 chain alkynyl, C3-C6 halogenated chain alkenyl, C3-C6 halogenated chain alkynyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl methyl and C3-C6 halogenated cycloalkyl methyl. The compound shown as the formula (I) in the invention has broad spectrum bioactivity, not only can be used for preventing and treating various grassy weeds and part of broad leaves but also can be used for preventing and treating various injurious insets on crops such as armyworm and plutella xylostella, certain compound has high weed and inset preventing and treating effect, and good preventing and treating effect can be obtained under in the dosage of 15-375g active ingredient / hectare.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a biomass carbon fertilizer, which comprises the following three steps of: 1) air-drying and crushing a biomass raw material; 2) putting the biomass raw material obtained in the step 1) into modifier solution with a concentration of 1-10 percent to soak for 8-24 hours, and drying at a temperature of 80-100 DEG C; and 3) pre-oxidizing the biomass raw material dried in the step 2) in a box type furnace for 0.5-2 hours at a temperature of 245 DEG C, then carbonizing for 0.5-4 hours at a temperature of 250-650 DEG C and under the anoxic and anaerobic conditions, grinding and sieving with a 10-100-mesh sieve to prepare the biomass carbon fertilizer. A use method of the biomass carbon fertilizer comprises the following three steps of: 1, applying the prepared biomass carbon fertilizer in farmland soil according to the 100-1000 kilograms / hectare; 2, ploughing 0-30 centimeters of soil on a surface layer in the fertilized farmland soil, so that the biomass carbon fertilizer is uniformly mixed with the soil; and 3, planting crops in the soil applied with the biomass carbon fertilizer to obtain a higher-quality crop product.

The invention relates to a method for coupling propane dehydrogenation technology and deethanization technology before naphtha cracking, and mainly solves the problems of low equipment utilization rate, high project investment cost, large equipment occupied area and low low-carbon olefin content existing in the prior art. By adopting the method for coupling propane dehydrogenation technology and deethanization technology before naphtha cracking, local capacity expansion is carried out on ethylene unit equipment, a cracking furnace as well as two heads of a PDH reactor and one body of a separating unit are arranged, two tails of two propylene towers are connected in parallel, under the conditions that the selective P / E rate is equal to 0.47 to 0.60 in an ethylene unit (800 to 1500 thousandtons per year) and a PDH device (600 thousand tons per year), 1.313% to 2.462% of ethylene is increased, 57.667% to 117.955% of propylene is increased, 7.609% to 8.077% of investment is reduced, and 1.8 hectares of occupied area is reduced. Through the technical scheme, the above problem is preferably solved, and the method can be used for coupling propane dehydrogenation technology and deethanization technology before naphtha cracking.

The invention discloses an intercropping cultivation method of corn and rice beans, and relates to a cultivation method of the corn and the rice beans. The invention aims to solve the problems that accumulated temperature of a high latitude area in northeast is insufficient, the growth period is short, the yield and plant benefit are low, and the farming enthusiasm of peasant is poor under an existing planting pattern. The intercropping cultivation method comprises the steps of 1, plowing in autumn, harrowing and careful soil preparation; 2, selection of improved varieties; 3, seed treatment; 4, timely sowing and reasonable close planting; 5, field layout of intercropping cultivation method of the corn and the rice beans; 6, scientific field management; 7, timely harvest. According to the intercropping cultivation method disclosed by the invention, 2000 to 3000kg of clean production rice beans per hectare is increased under the situation that the yield of the corn is not reduced, the yield of crops and the benefits in a unit area are significantly improved, and the advantages of increasing production and increasing efficiency are obvious. The intercropping cultivation method of the corn and the rice beans is applied to the field of crop planting.

The invention belongs to the cultivation technology of Chinese herbal medicines, and relates to a process method for the continuous cropping soil of Panax Notoginseng. The process method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) after the collection of Panax Notoginseng in July-August (the collection of the winter Panax Notoginseng is in December), immediately clearing the plant residues, such as Notoginseng stems, leaves, hair roots and the like, in the furrows, removing the covering materials, such as mulching film, straw, cogon or pine needle, on the surface of the furrows; (2) broadcasting 9000-13500 kg of crushed rape-seed meal per hectare, intertilling the land by artificial or mechanical method, ploughing the rape-seed meal under the soil in the furrows evenly; (3) irrigating enough water to the furrows in the Notoginseng shed so that the soil in the shed reaches the saturated state of water intake; (4) covering the furrow surface in the Notoginseng shed by an unbroken plastic thin film whose peripheries are tamped down by heaping the soil to prevent contact with air; (5) recovering the thin film till November (the field of the winter Panax Notoginseng is in next December), turning over the soil, and planting the Panax Notoginseng anew in December. The invention overcomes the Panax Notoginseng continuous cropping obstacles to a certain degree, has no pollution to the environment, provides organic fertilizer for the growth of Panax Notoginseng better, and has good social, ecological and economic benefits.

The invention relates to beet stress-resistant yield and sugar increasing series composite growth regulator and a systematic chemical regulation method. The series composite growth regulator comprises chemical control I composite growth regulator, chemical control II composite growth regulator, chemical control III composite growth regulator and chemical IV composite growth regulator; the beet stress-resistant yield and sugar increasing systematic chemical control method sprays the four regulators on the surface of leaves respectively according to the four growth stages of the beet: seedling stage, leafage forming stage, root and sugar increasing stage and sugar accumulation stage, induces the expression of the beet stress-resistant genes, sufficiently explores the potential capability of resisting saline and alkali, drought and diseases of the beet in the full growth stage, and increases the yield and sugar content. In the saline-alkali soil with average salt content of 0.51% and Ph value of 8.4 in west Jilin where the annual precipitation is less than 300 mm, the average beet yield is 53.33 tons per hectare, an increase of 27.26%, and the sugar content is 17.6%, an increase of 2.1%.

The invention discloses a seedling formation method in alkaline lands by pre-coating film on cotton, which aims at increasing the seedling formation rate of the cotton in alkaline lands and realizing seedlings full and strong. The method of the invention is characterized in that: cotton fields having the salt content of below 0.4% and has certain accumulative rain and snow in winter are thawed in early spring, then ditches are opened in the rows of the pre-sowed cotton, and 2 tons of miscellaneous manure and 40 to 60kg of compound fertilizer which contains about 15 percent of N, about 15 percent of P2O5 and about 15 percent of K2O are fertilized, and then mulching film is used for covering the ditches immediately after the ditches are covered with soil and raked; as for an alkaline land with salt content of more than 0.4 percent, 80m<3> of fresh water is irrigated for each mu (mu: a Chinese unit of area, 1 / 15 of a hectare) at the end of winter to restrain salt content, ditches are opened and then miscellaneous manure and N-P-K compound fertilizer are fertilized in the early of middle of March, and film is covered after the land is prepared. The cotton fields which are leveled, fertilized and pre-coated with film are steadily passes earth temperature of 15 DEG C at the position of 5cm below the film, then bunch planting the ditinted and coated cotton seeds according to preset row spacing and plant spacing. The cottons are thinned out after the young seedling grow tidily, and final singling is carried out after two true leaves come out. The method of the invention achieves the functions of increasing temperature, water preserving and controlling salt by pre-coating the mulching film, promotes the seedling emergency and formation of cottons in alkaline land sand realizes synergetic salt control effect by concentrated fertilization under the film, thereby having significant yield increasing effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide and discloses a seed soaking agent. The seed soaking agent comprises 0.5 to 1.5 percent of calcium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 15 to 18 percent of ammonia, 0.005 to 0.01 percent of gibberellin, 0.001 to 0.003 percent of trace elements, 30 to 50 percent of plant source extract and the balance of solvent; the solvent is a mixture of ethanol and water; the raw materials used by the seed soaking agent have no residue and pollution during use; the seed soaking agent has the functions of killing insect, sterilizing, resisting diseases and increasing output, and has high quality and efficiency and low cost; under the level of wheat output of 350 kilograms per hectare, 25 to 47kilograms of wheat can be increased by only one-time seed soaking; the economic benefit is good; and meanwhile, the seed soaking agent has the advantages of easily obtaining high-power concentrated solution, along with convenient transportation.

The invention discloses a method for calculating lime application amount in acidified soil. The soil test indexes include pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), Q<A1> and C<OM> according to an acidified soil plough layer testing result, and a calculation formula is that the lime application amount (tons / hectare) is equal to delta pH / (0.764+0.042*[H+]-0.016*CEC-0.097* Q<A1>-0.00928* C<OM>. The acquisition method of lime powder comprises the steps of: adding a few amount of water into limestone in a room to be naturally aired; screening the lime to be 100-mesh; weighing the screened lime according to the lime using amount calculated by the formula; uniformly spreading the lime on the ground; and fully mixing the lime with plough layer soils. The selected soil is reasonable in test index and high in pertinence; and the lime using amount, required by a certain unit, in the acidified soil can be accurately calculated, and the lime is suitable for non-lime soils and has an important application value.

The invention relates to a method for improving a plant planting desert, which is realized by the following steps: adding 140 to 170kg of liquid film, 0.6 to 8kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 0.01 to 0.2kg of ammonium molybdate and 0.4 to 5kg of nitragin of this family into 800 to 1300kg of water, stirring, dissolving, then adding 4 to 50kg of leguminous forage seed, stirring evenly, sowing on the sand of one hectare and enclosing and banning grazing for 3 to 5 years; and sowing 7 to 30kg of gramineous forage grass seed on the sand after the primary period, relieving enclosure and grazing banning after enclosing and banning grazing for 2 to 3 years and keeping the pasturage strength at 5 to 10 animals / year to achieve the ecological equilibrium of animals and plants so as to finish the improvement of the desert. By using the method, the usability of soil can be increased, the soil obtains sufficient water and nutrients, a woodland with large area can become a source of forest, the condition that the growth rate of the forest is greater than the exploitation rate is kept, the forest provides more oxygen gas used by organisms and assists to lower a warming phenomenon, buildings can be constructed again in part of regions with desertification reversion by the windproof protection of the forest, and the volume and the utilization rate of the soil are increased.

The invention discloses a potato planting method. The potato planting method comprises the following steps of pre-sowing fertilizer preparation including, applying thoroughly-decomposed ammonium bicarbonate 300-500 kilograms per mu (=0.0667 hectares) 18-20 days before sowing, then deep-ploughing soil to 24-25 centimeters and then leveling the soil; potato seed pro-sowing treatment including soaking, germination accelerating, cutting and sowing, wherein sowing is performed through a film mulching and surface sowing method including selecting and mulching 1.1-meter-width mulching film in a two-row mode, then performing sowing with a sowing depth of 10-12 centimeters, a row distance of 50-60 centimeters, an inter-plant distance of 21-25 centimeters and a sowing quantity of 100-120 kilograms per 667 square meters; fertilizer and water management including topdressing twice during the growth period, wherein the first topdressing is performed during 70-80% emergence of potato at a quantity of 50 kilograms per mu. The potato planting method can increase the yield of potato and meanwhile reduce diseases and insect pests, thereby further improving the character and quantity of the potato and increasing the economic benefits of crops.

The invention discloses a method for controlling salinity of medium and severe salinized soils applicable for cotton culture. Before sowing of cotton, ditching is performed by means of traction, wherein ditches are straight and are consistent in depth; crop straws are crushed and then covered in the ditches, the ditches are filled and levelled up by using soils and then are compacted; during sowing of the cotton, drip irrigation zones are paved to be above the ditches according to a mulch row spacing and a junction row spacing, drip irrigation is performed immediately after sowing, an irrigation volume is 30-40m<3> / mu (1 mu equals to 0.0667 hectares); from a trefoil stage to a harvesting stage during a growth period of the cotton, a high-frequency drip irrigation method is adopted. According to the method disclosed by the invention, by means of establishing a salt resisting layer, the cotton is subjected to dry sowing and wet germination, the salt is controlled to be below the resisting layer; in a sowing area of the cotton, the salinity is controlled to be below 6g / kg, so as to guarantee germination of the cotton; during a growth period, a high-frequency drip irrigation way is adopted to establish a desalting area for growth of the cotton, so that in a soil layer of 0-30cm, the salinity is controlled to be 10g / kg, in this way, a technical problem in salinity control of medium and severe salinized soils during cotton culture is solved, and the method has an important application value.

The invention relates to a method for coupling propane dehydrogenation process and a naphtha pre-pyrolysis depropanization process, which mainly solves the problems in the prior art that the equipmentutilization rate is low, the engineering investment expense is high, the equipment floor occupation area is large and the yield of the low-carbon olefin is low. By adopting the method for coupling the propane dehydrogenation process and the naphtha pre-pyrolysis depropanization process, the devices of ethylene apparatus separation units are locally modified in a capacity expansion manner, a pyrolysis furnace and a PDH reactor are integrated with the separation unit and connected with two propylene towers in parallel, in a 800 to 1200 thousand tons / year ethylene apparatus and 600 thousand tons / year PDH apparatus and under the condition that E is equal to 0.47 to 0.60, the yield of the ethylene is increased by 1.6 to 2.4 percent, the yield of the propylene is increased by 78 to 119 percent,the investment is decreased by 8.8 to 9.0 percent, and the floor occupation area is reduced by 1.8 hectares; and by adopting the technical scheme, the problems can be well solved. The method can be used in the coupling of the propane dehydrogenation process and the naphtha pre-pyrolysis depropanization process.

The stereo sunny plantation may be set on water surface, ground, roof, etc. and has one sun following turntable, on which there are several rows of culturing shelves with horizontal culturing grooves holding nutritive liquid and floating culture medium for plant to grow. On the culturing shelves, there may be trays or hung pots for various varieties of plant to grow. On the turntable, which may be as small as one square meter and as large as one hectare, there is solar energy greenhouse. The present invention may increase the culture area and raise the culture efficiency for several times.

The invention relates to the field of rice cultivation methods and discloses a dry direct seeding cultivation method for rice. The dry direct seeding cultivation method for the rice comprises mechanically melting snow and dispersing moisture of the soil compulsively in old rice fields and preparing the soil by pulverizing through a rice field soil pulverizer in a high speed before seeding; deep applying 360 kg of prolonged and controlled release NPK (Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium) compound fertilizer which is rich in microelement and has the effective dose of 50 %, 75 kg of diammonium phosphate or monoammonium phosphate and 18 kg of granular biological bacterial fertilizer to side positions 6 to 10 cm lower of rice seeds per hectare in one time and applying no fertilizer for the whole growth period; starting irrigating rice seedling at the rice period with four leaves and one center and manually replenishing water in the three water requirement critical period; weeding chemically; preventing and treating pest and disease damage; controlling rice blast. The dry direct seeding cultivation method for the rice has the advantages of solving the problems that the amount of labor used is large and the water is wasted during the rice cultivation process, increasing yield by 10 to 15 percent compared with water direct seeding, increasing yield by 5 to 10 percent compared with rice transplanting, being water saving, labor saving and mechanical in tilling, enabling tillering generation to be early and tillering number to be large, being good in soil permeability and enabling rice root system to be flourish.

The invention relates to a soil treatment method for inhibiting the Cd / Pb absorption of rice in a contaminated farm land and belongs to the technical field of environmental contamination control and agricultural product quality safety. On a Cd / Pb contaminated land with Cd content of less than 5mgkg<-1> and Pb content of less than 500mgkg<-1>, a biomass carbon soil improvement material is spread on the surface of the contaminated land in an amount of 10 to 40 tha<-1> after harvesting previous crops, and uniformly mixed with soil in a cultivated layer. In the invention, the raw materials are rich, the cost is low, the operation is simple, the Cd / Pb content in brown rice is reduced effectively without influencing yield, and the inhibition effect on the Cd / Pb absorption of rice is remarkable.The biomass carbon soil improvement material is applied in an amount of 40 ton per hectare; and compared with the treatment without applying the biomass carbon soil improvement material, the Cd / Pb content in the rice seeds is reduced by 40 to 50 percent.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner for reducing bioavailability of cadmium in acid heavy cadmium polluted soil, which comprises red mud and zinc fertilizer at a mass ratio of (50-100):1. The invention also discloses a method for improving mild or moderate polluted soil, which comprises the following steps: selecting cadmium-containing acid slight-moderate polluted soil as improvement object, before ploughing and fertilizing, uniformly spreading soil conditioner on the surface of the moderately or heavily polluted soil while controlling the use amount of the soil conditioner at a levelat which 1,500-9,000 Kg red mud and 15-90 Kg zinc fertilizer are contained per hectare soil, ploughing to enable red mud and zinc fertilizer to be sufficiently mixed with the polluted soil, and balancing for 7-10 days. The soil conditioner and the soil improvement method provided by the invention have the advantages of low cost, quick action, high safety, is environment-friendly, and on the like,and can effectively reduce the bioavailability of cadmium in acid heavy metal polluted soil.

The invention discloses a wetland process for deep purification of tail water of a sewage plant, which comprises the tail water of the sewage plant, a limestone filter pool, a submerged plant oxidation pond, a vertical-flow wetland, a surface-flow wetland, a composite substrate filter pool, an ecological reoxygenation pond and a receiving water body. The wetland process has the characteristics of efficient and ecological denitrification and dephosphorization, utilizes a water head with the height of about 0.5m to automatically flow, has the hydraulic load of 200mm / d, has no energy consumption and drug consumption, is anti-clogging, and can perpetually and steadily operate with low cost; the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is higher than 95 percent, and the water quality of water output is superior to the GB3838-2002 ground surface class III water standard. The wetland process is suitable for the deep purification of the tail water of small sewage plants in cities and towns, and the treated output water can be recycled in water-deficient areas and can serve as a high-quality water source for the supply of water bodies of landscapes in the cities or residential areas. The process needs larger land area which can be merged into a whole with green areas and wetland parks of the cities. In the sewage plant of Eryuan county, Yunnan province, the process is utilized to build 2.2 hectares of wetland engineering for the deep purification of the tail water, the daily water treatment capacity is 4,000m<3>, the sewage plant has been steadily operated for 5 years, and the annual operation management cost is fifty thousand yuan.

The invention provides a comprehensive method for utilizing fruit trees, pastures and livestock on the deteriorated mountain lands at the dry and hot valley of Jinsha River, pertaining to the field of forestry, pasture and livestock. The method includes 8 steps, i.e. species selection, seedling raising, preparation of interplanting land, interplanting, care and protection, collection of fruits and legumens, cradling column flowers to feed goats and as well as stable-breeding and semi-stable-breeding of goats. The species select tamarind, column flower / grass and goat; by seedling raising, rational thick-planting, bottom dressing, top dressing, dry-season irrigation, feeding goats with column flower and grass, stable-breeding and semi-stable-breeding of goats, the total nitrogen of 0-20cm soil stratum of the planting area with 2 years of interplanting is increased by 0.025 percent, the organic substance is increased by 0.29 percent, the beneficial self-cycle of water and nutrition is achieved, and the cost is reduced; after 2 years of interplanting, the column flower and grass are used to feed goats, the income of the first year increases by RMB 7050-11150 / hectare and the income of the second year increases by RMB 17850-26050 / hectare; in addition, the harmonious development of the forestry, pasture and livestock and the improvement of deteriorated mountain lands at the dry and hot valley of Jinsha River are ensured.

The invention discloses a Taicang white garlic-rice double-cropping-system paddy-upland rotation high-yield and efficient planting technology which is characterized by comprising the following implementation steps that straw coverage no-tillage cultivation is adopted after rice is harvested for 5-10d; all rice straws are returned to a field; a base fertilizer is applied sufficiently; Taicang white garlic is sown with the density of 300000-375000 plants / hectare; a seedling fertilizer, a winter fertilizer and a bolting fertilizer are applied additionally after the garlic is sown; garlic sprouts are started to be harvested in early May; garlic heads are harvested at the end of May; the field is ploughed and upturned soil is sunned at the beginning of June; the rice is sown directly with the sowing amount of 750000kg / hectare; water-saving shallow-wet irrigation water management is conducted on the rice field; a nitrogen-saving, phosphorus-increasing and potassium-supplementing balance formula fertilizer applying technology is implemented; and the rice is harvested in a yellow ripening stage after dew is dried. The technology can reduce multiple soil-borne diseases due to continuous cropping, improves a soil structure, increases a fertilizer utilization rate, reduces field pollution, improves the overall grain production capability stably and facilitates efficiency enhancement of agriculture and income growth of farmers.