170 results about "Topsoil" patented technology

The invention relates to lithium slag-based artificial soil based on different soil layer functions and a preparation method of the lithium slag-based artificial soil. The lithium slag-based artificial soil comprises a surface soil layer, a leaching layer, a deposition layer and a parent material layer according to soil profile layers. Compared with an existing technology for preparing artificial soil from solid waste materials such as lithium slag, red mud and coal gangue, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the prepared soil is free of secondary pollution risk and is environmentally friendly; the preparation of the artificial soil of soil layers with different ecological functions in a soil profile configuration can be realized, so that the artificial soil meets the requirements of mine land reclamation and mine ecological restoration on the artificial soil with a stable soil body structure, the green restoration concept that lithium slag comes from a mine and then returns to the mine is embodied, and precious natural soil resources are not consumed; and a plurality of solid waste materials which are difficult to dispose can be recycled, the recovery and treatment cost of the mine ecological environment after mining is reduced, the pollution caused by solid waste stockpiling is reduced, and the ecological environment of a mining area and the surrounding of the mining area is improved.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic base ecological environment effect evaluation system, and relates to the technical field of effect evaluation, the photovoltaic base ecological environment effect evaluation system comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, an effect analysis module and a decision management module, and the effect analysis module comprises an ecological sensitive submodule, an environment bearing submodule and an effect synthesis submodule. According to the invention, multiple factors are integrated through the ecological sensitivity sub-module to quantify ecological sensitivity, surface soil crust shear strength is introduced to fill the blank of traditional evaluation, multi-dimensional evaluation is realized, the collaborative level of ecological protection and energy efficiency is quantified through the output result, and the environment bearing sub-module is used to introduce the overground wind direction and underground hydrology, so that the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological protection and energy efficiency is realized. According to the method, the influence of ecological sensitivity and installed capacity can be accurately adjusted to improve the matching degree of photovoltaic development and ecological capacity, calculation results and factors of multiple sub-modules are integrated through the effect integration sub-module, the problem that existing evaluation is inaccurate is solved, and the whole system is based on the artificial intelligence technology and has an excellent intelligent effect.

The invention relates to the technical field of semi-arid mining area land reclamation and ecological restoration, and discloses a semi-arid mining area reclamation double-surface-soil key layer and a refined construction method thereof.The semi-arid mining area reclamation double-surface-soil key layer comprises a wind-erosion-resistant key layer and a water and fertilizer maintaining key layer which are arranged from top to bottom; the anti-wind-erosion key layer comprises a coarse particle windproof layer and a fine particle cementing layer which are arranged from top to bottom; the water and fertilizer maintenance key layer is prepared from the following raw materials: fine sand or original sandstorm surface soil, a clay mineral-based physical structure regulator, an organic water-retaining agent and a biological enhancement matrix material; the raw materials of the coarse particle windproof layer comprise gravel and coarse sand; the raw materials of the fine particle cementation layer comprise fine sand or original sandstorm surface soil, a clay mineral-based physical structure regulator and an organic water retention capacity cementing agent. The reclamation double-surface soil key layer for the semi-arid mining area can effectively resist natural erosion, improve the soil structure, improve the water and fertilizer retention capability and promote the recovery of local host plants.

The invention discloses a preparation method of solid waste for filling a karst cave, and relates to the technical field of buildings. Comprising the following steps: pretreating solid waste to obtain first pretreated solid waste; sieving the first pretreated solid waste to obtain a second pretreated solid waste; mixing the second pretreated solid waste with a slurry additive to obtain karst cave filling slurry; wherein the solid waste comprises at least one of mud, excavation soil and sludge. The solid wastes such as the slurry, the excavation soil and the sludge have the characteristics of fine particles, easiness in stirring, good dispersity and no pipeline blockage, so that the pollution of materials such as low-grade concrete, neat cement paste and composite paste slurry to water and soil environments can be avoided, and the raw material cost required by pouring and backfilling construction can be saved; and the outward transportation cost of solid wastes such as surface soil and slurry and the cost for treating environmental pollution are saved.

The invention discloses a water and fertilizer regulation method for realizing a saline-alkali soil plough layer soil fertilizer salt domain and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of crop water and fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps that S1, winter and spring irrigation is not carried out, and ploughing, soil preparation and sealing are carried out in the middle ten days of April; s2, a planting mode is set, film mulching, tape laying and sowing are carried out at the same time, precision sowing is carried out, one seed is planted in one hole, and an early-maturing cotton variety is used; s3, after sowing, setting irrigation quota, fertilization amount and fertilization time, and performing irrigation and fertilization by using under-film drip irrigation water and fertilizer integration; s4, marking the cotton; s5, measuring the cotton field soil index and the cotton yield. According to the method, the dynamic characteristic of salt along with water and the under-mulch drip irrigation water and fertilizer integration technology are utilized, the spatial distribution characteristics of water, fertilizer and salt in a soil plough layer are changed by reasonably regulating and controlling the irrigation quota, the fertilization proportion and the fertilization time, and tests prove that the water and fertilizer regulation and control strategy can effectively reduce the salt in the plough layer, increase water and nutrients and improve the yield of the plough layer. And crop growth and yield formation are promoted.

The invention provides a method for repairing a coal gangue area without foreign soil by utilizing plant-microorganism combination, and aims to form a self-sustaining repairing system through plant planting and biological characteristics and circulation of root exudate-microorganism metabolism of microorganisms, so that the ecological environment of the coal gangue area is effectively improved, vegetation recovery is promoted, and leaching water pollution is reduced. According to the method, the characteristics of rapid growth, high stress resistance, large biomass, good soil improvement effect and the like of the Juncao are fully utilized, a large amount of litters are produced through multiple times of cutting and laying, then a soil-like matrix is formed, the barren soil structure of the coal gangue area is improved, and conditions are created for subsequent plant community succession; meanwhile, green coverage can be quickly formed by matching with climbing characteristics of climbing plants, visual pollution of a coal gangue area is improved, and the landscape of a mining area is improved. The method provides a new thought and technical means for the treatment of the coal gangue area.

The invention discloses a method for improving soil fertility of an orchard in a Yellow River old lane area. The orchard is covered with green grass; after the fruits are harvested and before leaves fall, a first fertilization ditch is dug at a crown water drip, and smashed straw, base fertilizer and surface soil are sequentially laid in the first fertilization ditch from bottom to top; meanwhile, digging 3-4 radial second fertilization ditches according to a water drip from a trunk to a crown, sequentially laying dry branches and fallen leaves, wheat straws and livestock and poultry manure in the second fertilization ditches from bottom to top, and putting earthworms into surface straws of the second fertilization ditches; a humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer is applied in a drip irrigation manner during topdressing. Therefore, through the synergistic effect of multiple technical measures such as orchard grass covering, organic fertilizer layer application, earthworm density increasing and bio-fertilizer application increasing, a benign soil ecological system is constructed, and therefore the problems that the content of organic matter in orchard soil in the Yellow River old road area is low, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity is weak are effectively solved, the soil fertility is remarkably improved, and the yield of the orchard is increased. And the fruit yield and quality are improved.

The invention discloses a Mars soil simulant performance evaluation method based on spectrum-mechanics combined characterization, which comprises the following steps: acquiring surface soil chemical components and physical and mechanical reference data of a target Mars area, taking basalt, magnetite and hematite as raw materials, solving the optimal mass ratio by adopting an optimization algorithm, and preparing a sample. Then, systematic spectrum characterization is carried out on the sample, and components and spectrum characteristic data of the sample are obtained; and meanwhile, carrying out physical and mechanical property test on the sample to obtain mechanical property data. Further, spectrum and component data serve as independent variables, mechanical data serve as dependent variables, an associated data set is constructed, the influence weight is analyzed, and a component-structure-performance quantitative relation is established. And finally, based on all the data and the internal association thereof, calculating the comprehensive similarity between the simulant and the real Mars soil, and generating a comprehensive performance evaluation report. According to the method, multi-dimensional and standardized quantitative evaluation of chemical, mineral and mechanical properties of the Mars soil simulants is realized.

The invention provides a soil improvement module for improving the green recovery efficiency of a mining wasteland, which is characterized by comprising a surface soil layer A, a water holding layer B, an improved core layer C and a packaging layer D. The surface soil layer A, the water holding layer B and the improved core layer C are sequentially arranged in the packaging layer D and are compacted into a brick shape; wherein the surface soil layer A is composed of planting soil, the water holding layer B is composed of straw particles, the improved core layer C is formed by mixing multifunctional microbial powder and the straw particles, and the packaging layer D is degradable non-woven fabric. According to the soil improvement module provided by the invention, microbial florae in the litters of the mining wasteland are effectively utilized for expanding propagation, the soil improvement module is prepared, the green recovery cost is reduced, meanwhile, the pollution of wastes to the environment is reduced, and the preparation method is easy to operate and convenient to popularize and apply.

This application discloses a comprehensive treatment method for salinized soil in semi-arid region, comprises: stripping and collecting the topsoil; spreading sandy soil and / or loess soil as a imported soil layer; spreading an anti-seepage layer, a salt barrier layer and a membrane layer successively on the imported soil layer; mixing clay into the topsoil to obtain mixed soil; blending saline-alkali land conditioner with the mixed soil to obtain planted soil; spreading the planted soil on the membrane layer to obtain a planting layer. The method combines physical, hydraulic, chemical and biological remediation methods to comprehensively manage saline-alkali soil in semi-arid areas. It consumes less water resources, has a shorter treatment cycle, shows quick results, is conducive to plant growth, and can effectively inhibit the return of salt.

The invention discloses an ion type rare earth ore jet flow multi-branch drilling flow guide infiltration method suitable for a loose ore bed, and relates to the technical field of rare earth mining, a liquid injection mother hole is vertically and downwards drilled in a surface soil layer of a mining area, and a water jet flow drilling mechanism is used for drilling multi-branch drilling holes in the rare earth ore bed with the liquid injection mother hole as the center; and after the drilling work is completed, subsequent liquid injection engineering arrangement is perfected, and then the ore leaching liquid in the high-level liquid pool is conveyed into the liquid injection mother holes through the height difference pressure, so that the ore leaching liquid can be diffused to the periphery in a large range under the flow guide effect of the multi-branch drill holes. The ion type rare earth ore body hole-crack structure is improved through the interference effect between jet flow impact drilling and branch holes, the ore body permeability is enhanced, efficient mining of ion type rare earth is achieved, meanwhile, the surface soil layer construction amount can be greatly reduced, the liquid injection pressure is reduced, the landslide risk and soil body pollution caused by liquid injection are effectively avoided, and the service life of the ion type rare earth ore body is prolonged. The method is helpful for innovating the field process technology and improving the economic and social benefits of enterprises.

The invention provides a surface soil-based microorganism solidification horizontal ditch and a manufacturing method thereof. A trapezoidal section groove is dug along a contour line on a loess slope surface, surface soil, short fibers, microorganism solidification bacterial liquid and cementing liquid are stirred and mixed, the mixture is backfilled to the bottom and the side wall of a ditch body of the groove in a layered mode and compacted layer by layer, then long fibers are embedded, and the surface soil-based microorganism solidification horizontal ditch is manufactured. A reinforced structure is formed, an original soil covering layer is reserved on the top of the groove, microorganism solidification bacterium liquid is sprayed on the surface of a groove body of the groove, a gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the groove to serve as a water guide inverted filter layer, grass seeds and a water-retaining agent are mixed into the covering layer on the top of the groove, and therefore the microorganism solidification horizontal groove with surface soil is prepared. The anti-erosion performance, the structural stability and the ecological compatibility of the horizontal ditch are improved, and the method is suitable for hills, mountains and other areas prone to water and soil loss.

The utility model discloses a greening side slope structure based on hanging net spray-seeding, and relates to the technical field of side slope greening. Comprising the steps that a bottom net is attached to a slope; the side nets are connected end to end, the side nets are perpendicular to the bottom net, and the side nets surround the edge of the bottom net and are fixedly connected with the bottom net; the multiple anchor rods penetrate through the bottom net and the side net, and one end of each anchor rod is inserted into the side slope. By arranging the bottom net and the side net, a three-dimensional net can be formed, the spray-seeding thickness can be increased, soil dressing is stable, soil can be effectively fixed on the rock surface, it is guaranteed that the soil is at the effective depth, the greening effect is good, the vegetation survival rate is high, and the water retention and soil holding capacity is high.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil ecology, and particularly discloses a method for quantifying the density of topsoil habitat soil arthropods based on a trap method.The method comprises the following steps that S1, trap method sampling is conducted, specifically, when a soil arthropod sample is collected, a soil auger is used for digging out a trap, a trap cup containing preserving fluid is placed in the trap for soil animal investigation, and the soil arthropod sample is collected; the time duration is one week which is used most widely in the literature; s2, sampling by a digging method: when a soil arthropod sample is collected, placing a prepared sampling frame of one square meter on sampling soil, digging and collecting soil animals with the depth of 10cm in the sampling frame, picking large arthropods by using a hand picking method, and separating medium soil animals such as springtails, mites and insects by using a dry funnel method. According to the method for quantifying the density of the surface soil habitat soil arthropods based on the trap method, the actual soil excavation area can be reduced to the maximum extent, the damage to the soil structure of a sampling field is reduced, and the possibility is provided for long-term experiments.

The invention discloses a coal mining subsidence area gangue continuous filling reclamation system which comprises a central processing hub, a material conveying system and a dynamic treatment operation area which are sequentially arranged, a resource circulation center is arranged on one side of the dynamic treatment operation area, and the resource circulation center is provided with an automatic spraying maintenance system. The central processing hub, the material conveying system, the dynamic treatment operation area, the resource circulation center and the automatic spraying maintenance system are jointly connected with a monitoring and dispatching system. The invention further discloses a continuous gangue filling and reclamation method for the coal mining subsidence area, through the system layout of'one heart, one area and double-flow simultaneous advancing ', high cooperation of gangue disposal and land reclamation is achieved, the scheduling strategy of'space-time decoupling-parallel advancing' is adopted, zero waiting of equipment is achieved through a'pre-jumping 'mechanism, and the reclamation efficiency is improved. Topsoil stripping, gangue backfilling and soil covering reclamation are completely carried out in parallel in space, the potential safety hazard of cross operation of equipment is avoided through a standard logistics path and scheduling, and the overall operation safety is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of abandoned mine ecological restoration, in particular to a method for restoring a mine through engineering abandoned muck and slurry backfilling. The method comprises the following steps: cleaning a mine pit, leveling a terrain, backfilling engineering waste slag, and laying a tailing transition layer to form a graded tailing layer; impurities in the engineering waste muck are screened out, the engineering waste muck is laid on the grading tailing layer, and a compacted muck layer is obtained through compaction; the method comprises the following steps: flocculating and dewatering engineering waste slurry to obtain cement control slurry, adding an exogenous fertilizer for improvement, and then mixing with field waste slag in proportion and backfilling to form a sludge vegetation layer; according to the method, the waste mine is used as a raw material, the residue covering compost layer and the vegetation surface soil layer with certain thickness are sequentially covered on the waste mine, the synergistic ecological effect of soil reconstruction and restoration treatment of the waste mine is formed, green cyclic utilization of waste resources is achieved, the treatment cost of the waste mine is reduced, and the high efficiency and sustainability of mine ecological restoration are improved.

This application relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and discloses a vegetation restoration system for drawdown zones and its construction method. The system includes laying equipment and a roller. A drive motor of the laying equipment drives the winding roller to release a coil. The roller includes a fixing rod, is filled with superabsorbent polymer resin, and is sequentially wound with an inner base mat, a middle matrix containing plant stem nodes and fungal spores, and an outer mesh. The inner base mat is interwoven with capillary water-conducting bundles, the bottom of which is inserted into the fixing rod and embedded in the resin. The outer mesh is secured with gravity lever-type anchoring nails via eccentric hinges. During construction, the motor releases the coil at a uniform speed, causing the roller to unfold along the slope. The anchoring nails, as they rotate, droop under gravity and penetrate the topsoil layer for synchronous anchoring. The fixing rod, remaining at the bottom, lifts water upwards through the absorbent resin and water-conducting bundles. This invention achieves mechanized laying of base mats on steep slopes, constructs a capillary water-lifting system to alleviate drought, and improves vegetation survival rates.

This application relates to the field of topsoil quality testing technology, specifically to a method, system, device, and equipment for testing topsoil quality in power transmission and transformation projects. The method includes: collecting topsoil data from mixed soil samples at different depths in various research plots and standard topsoil data from standard mixed soil samples; obtaining comprehensive nutrient indices and comprehensive microbial diversity indices at the same depth for each research plot, as well as the average coupling characteristic value of the research plot; determining nutrient remediation factors and microbial remediation factors for the research plots, and constructing topsoil remediation factors; and determining the topsoil quality testing results for the power transmission and transformation projects in the research plots based on all topsoil data, average coupling characteristic values, and topsoil remediation factors. This application can improve the quality of topsoil quality testing in power transmission and transformation projects.

The application discloses a kind of new afforestation land of Lingnan region rhizoma zingiberis and ganoderma lucidum imitated wild three-dimensional planting method, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting the new afforestation land of Lingnan region planted with trees within 2 years;2) ridging between the tree rows of new afforestation land, digging ganoderma lucidum planting ditch on the ridge, placing ganoderma lucidum stick horizontally in the ganoderma lucidum planting ditch, connecting head to tail between sticks, covering with broken soil, covering soil layer on the stick, covering dry grass on the soil layer, and carrying out ganoderma lucidum imitated wild planting;3) in April-May, digging hole between ganoderma lucidum sticks, putting one section of rhizome of zingiber officinale rose into each hole after mixing with organic fertilizer and soil, putting bud head upward, filling fine topsoil while putting, and carrying out zingiber officinale imitated wild planting;4) regional weeding and zingiber officinale fertilization;5) ganoderma lucidum and zingiber officinale harvesting.The method can not only realize ganoderma lucidum and zingiber officinale imitated wild planting in new afforestation land, but also improve the utilization rate of new afforestation land, achieve the purpose of cultivation instead of rearing and short-term cultivation instead of long-term cultivation, realize three-dimensional planting of new afforestation land, and improve economic benefit.

The invention relates to the field of mine pit treatment, and particularly discloses a waste mine pit recovery treatment method which comprises the following steps: geological disaster prevention and treatment, one or more treatment of slope cutting, danger clearing, anchoring or retaining wall supporting on an unstable slope of a pit wall area to form waste slag and waste rocks, and stacking part of the waste slag and waste rocks in a slag top area; slope treatment is conducted, specifically, step-by-step slope making is conducted through the excavation slope ratio of 1: 1.25-1: 2, and step-by-step slope making is formed; performing land reclamation and construction to form a retaining wall, a drainage ditch and a slope safety isolation net; covering surface soil, and covering external soil with soil; vegetation recovery; and monitoring, managing and protecting. According to the scheme, when geological disaster prevention and treatment and side slope treatment are carried out, the pit wall area is sequentially constructed, comprehensive slope cutting and danger removing treatment can be carried out on the unstable side slope, stepped slope forming can be sequentially carried out, the final stepped slope forming strength is improved, and the follow-up collapse and landslide danger is reduced.

This invention discloses a vertical adaptive contour-following straw clearing and covering device for hilly sloping farmland, comprising a dual air spring adaptive contour-following suspension, a vertical straw clearing attitude adjustment mechanism, an umbrella-shaped linkage straw clearing radius stepless adjustment mechanism, and a passive contour-following elastic covering device. The straw clearing mechanism mainly consists of an umbrella-shaped linkage radius adjustment drive cylinder, an umbrella-shaped linkage low-wear angle adjustment slider, and a straw clearing spring tooth assembly, used for continuous stepless adjustment of the straw clearing operation radius and synchronous high-precision control of the spring tooth operation angle, completing the directional throwing and clearing of straw in the seed strip. The contour-following suspension mechanism mainly uses two sets of symmetrically arranged adaptive contour-following springs and contour-following rods to achieve adaptive contour-following of undulating hilly terrain and adjust the operating height of the device. The attitude adjustment mechanism drives the attitude adjustment swing shaft to deflect through a built-in angle drive motor, precisely controlling the straw throwing path. The passive contour-following elastic covering device uses a passive contour-following buffer spring and telescopic rod structure to drive the covering shovel to adaptively conform to the ground surface, adjust the covering amount, and prevent straw from slipping back into the seed strip during sloping operations. During operation, the device cleans the seedbed on the straw-covered no-till surface through the straw-cleaning mechanism, while the covering soil device simultaneously covers and fixes the straw with topsoil. The entire process of straw cleaning, terrain shaping, posture adjustment, and anti-slip covering is completed in one operation, providing a stable and qualified seedbed environment for no-till sowing.

This invention discloses a mountain topsoil spraying and erosion control system, including a drainage device, a spray anchor support device, and a water collection and diversion device. The drainage device includes a top water interception section and a bottom drainage section. The spray anchor support device includes an anchoring component and a grass planting stick. The anchoring component has a first fixed position and a second fixed position distributed sequentially in the vertical direction. The grass planting stick is located at the second fixed position, and the upper side of the grass planting stick is used to form a sprayed substrate layer. The water collection and diversion device is located at the first fixed position of the anchoring component. The water collection and diversion device has a first port corresponding to the top water interception section and a second port corresponding to the bottom drainage section, used to collect water flowing out from the top water interception section and water on the mountain slope, and guide the water to the bottom drainage section for discharge. In this way, the soil on the mountain slope is stabilized, the erosion of the sprayed substrate that has not formed a protective effect on the mountain vegetation by rainfall is reduced, and the efficiency and effect of mountain vegetation restoration are improved.

This invention relates to the field of agricultural data analysis, and particularly to a method for expanding and regulating the topsoil volume by integrating an organic material carbon and nitrogen conversion model. The method includes: acquiring raw time-series data of carbon and nitrogen mineralization rates; obtaining a phase hysteresis correction factor by coupling and evaluating the temporal differences and morphological overlap characteristics of the mineralization energy centroid; obtaining a transient excitation smoothing factor by normalizing and attenuating the local oscillation energy functional of the sequence with the average oscillation energy of the entire sample; obtaining a corrected distance by performing multiplicative optimization of the Euclidean distance and performing iterative clustering calculations; and obtaining a topsoil volume expansion and regulation scheme by matching carbon and nitrogen conversion model parameters and inversely deriving the regulation strategy from the clustering results. This addresses the problems of distortion in the division of regulation type regions and decreased model matching accuracy caused by inoculation hysteresis translation and high-frequency oscillations of excitation effects in existing Euclidean distance-based mineralization rate time-series clustering.

This invention discloses a method for creating a peony flower sea landscape with soil stabilization and slope protection functions. The steps include: slope preparation; improving the slope soil with compound nutrient soil and digging planting holes; mixing peonies with different root types on the slope; after planting the peonies, evenly sowing different grass seeds on the peony slope; and cultivating and maintaining the vegetation. Advantages include: mixed planting according to peony root type and slope, combined with retaining walls and soil improvement, increases the survival rate by 8.5%; three-dimensional intercropping of shrubs and grasses for soil stabilization and slope protection achieves 99% green coverage and a topsoil loss rate of 0.2% within two years, combining ecological restoration and flower sea landscape, with low cost and easy promotion.

The present application relates to oil crop planting technical field, specifically to a kind of rape whole seedling cultivation method, comprising the following steps: carrying out seed screening and sunning treatment, selected planting plot and complete deep ploughing and base fertilizer application;Mix the treated rape seed and millet seed according to fixed proportion, use film mulching hole sowing cylinder to carry out single hole sowing, after sowing, use fine soil to cover and compact seed hole;Monitoring field emergence, seedling grows to two to three leaf stage, spray triclopyr herbicide to remove millet seedling, according to soil moisture and seedling condition, carry out water and fertilizer management;Using the way of combining physical and chemical, prevent and cure disease and insect pest during the growth period of rape.The present application breaks the soil pressure and soil hardening obstacle for rape seed by the strong topsoil capacity of millet seed germination, matches film mulching soil conservation, makes the emergence rate of rape increase from less than 70% to more than 90%, and the topsoil failure rate decreases to less than 5%.

This invention relates to the field of cultivation technology for specific crops or plants not mentioned above, and discloses a method for creating vegetation on alluvial and rockfall riverbanks. The method involves identifying weak erosion zones less affected by unstable landslides and alluvial deposits left by flash floods through exploration. Perennial vines are then planted at these locations to cover the remaining riverbank area, preventing damage to the vegetation from alluvial deposits and fallen rocks. Microenvironmental wells are dug within the weak erosion zones, and the perennial vines are planted inside to block flash floods from damaging the vegetation and surrounding soil. The soil within the wells is rotated, with topsoil containing a large amount of sand and gravel, being infertile and unable to retain water, being turned to the bottom of the well, thus no longer hindering vegetation growth and facilitating groundwater infiltration. The deeper soil, free of sand and gravel, relatively fertile, and with better water retention, is turned to the top layer, allowing the vegetation within the well to grow better. The combination of these methods overcomes the damage and stress to vegetation, enabling the creation of vegetation on riverbanks where normal growth is impossible.

The invention relates to a soil ecological restoration matrix with ardealite as a main raw material, and preparation and application thereof, and belongs to the field of solid waste recycling. Comprising phosphogypsum, carbide slag, fly ash, an organic fertilizer and a water-retaining agent in a mass part ratio of 100: (0.5-3): (1-5): (5-10): (0.01-0.02). The germination rate of ryegrass and festuca arundinacea in the medium is 70% or above, the average plant height in 30 days is 15 cm or above, the ryegrass and festuca arundinacea grow well, meanwhile, the fixation rate of the medium to water-soluble fluorine in phosphogypsum can reach 90% or above, and the content of heavy metal in the medium and the content of heavy metal in medium lixivium both meet the national standard. The proportion of the ardealite in the substrate is up to 85% or above, and large-scale efficient utilization of ardealite resource is achieved. The material can be used as a surface soil substitute material for mine ecological restoration, desertification ecological restoration and landscaping while promoting resource recycling.

The invention discloses a nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and resource utilization. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing coal gangue powder with NaOH, calcining, adding water, carrying out hydrothermal reaction with NaAlO2, washing, centrifuging, and drying to obtain CGMS; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a sodium alginate solution, adding CGMS into water to obtain a CGMS solution, adding a sodium alginate solution into the CGMS solution, then adding a NiCl2 solution, and finally adding a glutaraldehyde solution to obtain a mixed solution, stirring, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain SA-CGMS; and finally, mixing the sludge with SA-CGMS, drying, carrying out ball milling on the dried material, screening, granulating into balls, drying, and finally calcining to obtain the nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbent. The nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbent prepared by the invention has the nitrogen and phosphorus resistance and control of 90% or more, and can significantly reduce the leaching loss of nitrogen and phosphorus. And after being continuously used for 6-8 years, the nitrogen-phosphorus adsorbent is applied to the permeable control layer, so that the soil fertility of the barren farmland in the karst region can be increased, carbon sequestration can be realized, and heavy metals and antibiotic pollutants in a plough layer can be adsorbed.

A method and structure for ecological slope construction based on netting and topsoil spraying includes: cleaning the netting and topsoil spraying slope surface; laying a bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets, with the bottom layer blankets overlapping at a set distance, and fixing the bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets to the bottom layer of topsoil and netting with fasteners; laying a middle layer of moisture-retaining blankets and mixing in fertilizer; setting an upper layer of moisture-retaining blankets; determining planting points on the upper layer of moisture-retaining blankets, cutting incisions at the planting points, and placing the seedlings to be planted into the incisions; and maintaining the slope surface. In the above method and structure, the bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets adheres closely to the original slope surface, playing a role in buffering, moisture retention, and preventing the germination of weeds in the lower layer; the middle layer of moisture-retaining blankets retains water and fertilizer; the upper layer of moisture-retaining blankets is in contact with the seedling root ball and exposed to the atmosphere, inhibiting upper layer weeds and reducing water evaporation. Through the incisions to accommodate the root ball, the seedling roots grow rapidly in the moist, fertile, and weed-free environment created by the moisture-retaining blankets, penetrating the fiber gaps of the bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets and sinking into the deep layer of the original topsoil, achieving stable anchoring.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological system restoration, in particular to an alpine region soil fertility activation technology. According to the specific technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps that firstly, detailed ecological environment investigation is conducted on the major engineering damaged area in the alpine region, and main species for vegetation restoration configuration are determined; 2, a detachable breeding base is constructed, species breeding testing and species configuration testing are conducted, and reconstructed soil is constructed with deep soil, surface soil and waste residues; and 3, selecting a breeding mode according to the configured main species. The method solves the common problem of surface soil nutrient depletion in ecological restoration engineering of the alpine region.