358 results about "Topsoil" patented technology

The invention discloses a vegetation configuration method for preventing the water and soil loss of a mine dump of a dry-hot valley. The method comprises the following steps: performing topsoil stripping on the dump; building an intercepting ditch, a drainage ditch and a water collecting tank on a platform of the dump; screening vegetation types, including shrubs, herbs and liana, suitable for growing in the mine dump of the dry-hot valley; performing targeted planting; after the vegetation of the mine dump is planted, enclosing the dump by using a wire mesh or a fence to prevent a slope surface from being destroyed by domestic animals. According to the principles of soil and water conservation and restoration ecology, vegetation species are reasonably combined by aiming at that the habitat of the mine dump of the dry-hot valley is severe and different slope positions have different soil erosion intensity and water conditions, so that a reliable technical path is provided for recovering the vegetation in a mining region as quickly as possible. Moreover, the vegetation configuration method for preventing the water and soil loss of the mine dump of the dry-hot valley has the characteristics of high operability and high comprehensive benefit.

A low till agricultural implement has a frame with a hitch for attachment to a tractor. An shallow-angled blade gang composed of an array of parallel ultra-shallow inclined disk blades is mounted to the front of the frame, and is followed by at least one wheel, spiral reel, and spike tooth harrow. The ultra-shallow inclined disk blades are mounted perpendicular to rotating shafts, and slice through field residue and soil with minimal lateral movement of material. The blades of the following reel then make cuts nearly perpendicular to those made by the circular blades. A trailing rolling basket or other finishing implement follows the spiral reel. The implement aids in drying the soil surface layer. Also, by cutting up residue and evenly spreading debris and topsoil, the implement helps to warm up the soil.

The invention discloses a method for preparing and using a microbial immobilized material for repairing contaminated soil. The method comprises the following steps: (1) after being dried by air, the waste biomass raw material is pulverized or ground into 1-20mm of particles; (2) the biomass particles are carbonized and sterilized at the temperature of 150-450 DEG C and under limited oxygen condition for 0.5-6 hours to prepare a carrier material; (3) the carrier material is put into bacterium suspension for enrichment culture according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.5-2mL / g, then the microbial immobilized material is produced; (4) the produced microbial immobilized material is added to organic contaminated soil according to the proportion of 1-500 tons per hectare soil, 0-30cm of topsoil is ploughed to cause the microbial immobilized material to be mixed evenly in the soil, simultaneously, the contaminated soil is biologically repaired and safe agricultural products are produced. The method has the advantages that the carrier material contains abundant lignin structures, carbon and nutrient elements, which provides more suitable matrix for microbial growth; and the immobilized material has strong affinity, high immobilization efficiency, strong adsorption capacity and good resistance against the pollutants in the environment; and the immobilized material is a soil fertilizer, and is suitable for large-scale in-situ biological repair of the contaminated soil.

Certain novel formulations of turf additives that act in such a manner as to permit proper amounts of moisture to contact root systems in order to reduce dry spots within highly managed turf areas and / or lawns. It is theorized that the accumulation of humic acid (and other natural byproduct deleterious compounds) at the topsoil surface in most cultivated grassy areas including sandy soils (such as, in particular, golf greens), results in the production of an effective organic waxy coating on the soil components. Such a coating is hydrophobic in nature and thus dries out the soil itself. The inventive formulation thus permits removal of such accumulated humic acid (and other compounds) from the topsoil to the level necessary to provide effective moisture penetration for sustained grass growth therein (hereinafter referred to as "redistributes"). Methods of providing such beneficial removal of humic substances from target sandy soils are also contemplated within this invention, as well as specific test hydrophobic sand formulations.

The invention relates to a reclamation method for a sunk paddy field caused by mining in mountainous regions and belongs to the technical field of improvement and utilization of environment, ecology and damaged fields. The method includes: performing topsoil stripping to fissured positions where fissures are created by mining sinking and lead to water leakage of the paddy field; covering water holding materials on fissured areas after topsoil stripping; compacting the covered water holding materials, pouring slurry and standing; performing topsoil backfilling and grinding to the fissured areas after slurry pouring and standing, and flattening to enable the fissured areas to be a whole with pieces of the paddy field around the fissured areas; and irrigating, nourishing and improving the paddy field after backfilling and grinding. By the method, the cultivation land where the fissures are created by mining sinking and lead to water leakage of the paddy field can restore the paddy field utilization mode and reach production level of a normal paddy field as soon as possible, a stable self-maintaining farmland ecological system can be formed, a paddy field protecting system can be formed, soil microbial content can be increased, physicochemical property of soil can be improved, and benign farmland ecological system circulation can be formed.

Biotic fertilizers are described that build soil nutrients by accelerating the growth of topsoil microorganisms Biotic fertilizers are primarily aimed at increasing populations of cyanobacteria, formally known as blue-green algae, and like organisms that have the ability to engage in photosynthesis reand to engage in the extraction of nitrogen from the atmosphere. Methods of biotic fertilizer manufacture are presented that utilize animal waste product as well as desirable compositions obtained thereby.

The invention provides a method for improving saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following steps of: removing topsoil of the saline-alkali soil, setting an air-permeable anti-seepage aggregate layer on the saline-alkali soil of which the topsoil is removed, and setting a planting soil layer on the air-permeable anti-seepage aggregate layer. The invention also provides a planting method for the saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following step of: planting plants and / or plant seeds in improved saline-alkali soil, wherein the improved saline-alkali soil is treated by the method for improving the saline-alkali soil. The method for improving the saline-alkali soil and the planting method for the saline-alkali soil can effectively prevent the planting soil layer of the surface layer from being salinized, so that the planting soil layer is suitable for plantation for a long time; moreover, by the method for improving the saline-alkali soil, a large amount of fresh water resources are not needed for washing, so that the water consumption is effectively reduced and the using range of the method is expanded.

An automatic soil sampler for taking samples of topsoil has a soil breakdown assembly that cuts a shallow furrow in the soil and moves debris to the side. Soil is collected with a sampling knife having a series of empty chambers adapted to receive samples of topsoil. A rotating discus is disposed opposite the soil sampling empty chambers for urging soil into the soil sampling empty chambers. A cup carrousel carries empty identified cups for receiving soil samples. A delivery assembly places one of the empty identified cup in a cup receiving station. A filling assembly connects the knife chambers carrying collected soil samples with the cup receiving station. The cups are filled with soil samples in a collecting station. Each filled cup has its identifier sent to memory along with the location at which the sample was taken.

The invention discloses a special orchid culture media for subtropical regions and a preparation method thereof. The culture media comprises semi-weathered purple sandshale, slag, topsoil, rice husk, edible fungi cultivation residual materials and pine bark fragments with the volume ratio of 0.15-0.20:0.10-0.15:0.10-0.15:0.15-0.20:0.15-0.20:0.20-0.25; or semi-weathered purple sandshale, pine barkfragments, tea seeds or rapeseed meal and sawdust with the volume ratio of 0.17-0.25:0.45-0.50:0.03-0.05:0.25-0.30. According to the invention, the subtropical regions have abundant deposits of the semi-weathered purple sandshale which contains a plurality of trace elements required by the orchid and has the advantages of loose structure and moderate density, thus the media weight can be reduced,and the water permeability is good; semi-decomposed wood chips, coal slag, pine barks and edible fungi cultivation residual materials are recycled and supply nutrition to the orchid, thus the huge market potential is shown.

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer for controlling soil salinization of coastal saline soil and killing underground insects and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer provided by the invention comprises, by weight, 300-500 parts of straw compost, 300-500 parts of humic acid and 100-200 parts of a saline-alkali modifier, wherein the straw compost is composed of tobacco straw, livestock and poultry night soil, high-efficiency composite microbial inoculants and urea; and the saline-alkali modifier is composed of gypsum and an attapulgite powder. The organic fertilizer can be used to raise the fertilizer conservation and water retention capability of soil, prolong fertilizer efficiency and supplement beneficial bacteria in soil. With the application of the organic fertilizer, the harm of underground insects in field can be obviously reduced, underground insects are effectively killed, chemical agent amount is reduced, work and cost are saved, and toxicity and side-effect residual quantity of chemical control is reduced. In addition, after the application of the organic fertilizer, the topsoil of coastal saline soil is loosened, unit weight is decreased and the organic carbon content is increased.

An instrument and method for variable depth tillage is provided. A soil engaging implement has a pair of load cells and at least one strain gauge set mounted thereon. The load cells are used to determine a linear trend of topsoil resistance pressure change with depth as the soil engaging implement is drawn through the soil. The strain gauges are used to measure torque on the soil engaging implement caused by the load transmitted through the at least two load cells as well as the load applied to the point of the soil engaging implement. The linear trend of topsoil resistance pressure change with depth and the torque on the soil engaging implement are then used to determine both measured and predicted mechanical soil resistance to penetration applied to the point and the difference between the two values serves as an input for tillage depth adjustment.

The invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield kiwi fruit planting method. The method includes the steps of 1), for site selection and soil preparation, selecting an area with fertile and loosening soil and good drainage for construction of field, building windbreak on the periphery, evenly mixing and applying 50-100kg of farmyard manure when planting pits are backfilled with topsoil, and building ridges higher than the ground level; 2), for seed collection and seedling raising, collecting fully ripe fruit, loading the fruit into a gauze bag for kneading, repeatedly washing with clear water and placing seeds indoors for drying in the shade; 3), for grafting cultivation, when the diameter of a sapling is greater than 1cm, cutting off scions 5-10cm away from the ground level on the sapling, retaining 2-4 buds, selecting a vigorous stock, and grafting the scions to the stock with the planting density of 2m*4m; 4), performing cultivation management including soil management, fertilizing management and water management; 5), for harvest storage, storing kiwi fruit by means of constant-temperature storage, low-temperature storage and air-conditioned storage. With the method, yield of the kiwi fruit is increased, and quality of the kiwi fruit is improved.

A system for covering various types of ground where water and wind erosion protection are needed comprises a composite of at least one geotextile tufted or knitted with synthetic yarns (forming a synthetic turf), an open grid mesh, and a geo-filter (filter fabric). The filter fabric is positioned in direct contact with the ground surface, the open grid mesh is positioned over the filter fabric, and the synthetic turf is positioned over the open grid mesh. The system provides a beneficial erosion protection that does not require maintenance and can be used to cover slopes without requiring vegetative support and / or a topsoil layer. An optional sand layer can be placed atop the synthetic turf as desired as infill to ballast the material and protect the system against wind uplift.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration management method for coal spontaneous combustion fire potential areas and standards and aims to provide an ecological restoration mode and technology for loess hilly-gully regions fragile in ecological environment and high in potential fire risk to meet the requirement of large-area ecological restoration projects. Methods and techniques are provided for ecological restoration of control regions by a series of ecological restoration methods including reclaiming land while mining by combination of topsoil resource exploitation, internal drainage and external drainage, performing erosion and torrent control works, adopting engineering technologies and biological methods for reclamation, planting trees for greening and the like.

An instrument and method for variable depth tillage is provided. A soil engaging implement has a pair of load cells and at least one strain gauge set mounted thereon. The load cells are used to determine a linear trend of topsoil resistance pressure change with depth as the soil engaging implement is drawn through the soil. The strain gauges are used to measure torque on the soil engaging implement caused by the load transmitted through the at least two load cells as well as the load applied to the point of the soil engaging implement. The linear trend of topsoil resistance pressure change with depth and the torque on the soil engaging implement are then used to determine both measured and predicted mechanical soil resistance to penetration applied to the point and the difference between the two values serves as an input for tillage depth adjustment.

Certain novel formulations of turf additives that act in such a manner as to permit proper amounts of moisture to contact root systems in order to reduce dry spots within highly managed turf areas and / or lawns. It is theorized that the accumulation of humic acid (and other natural byproduct deleterious compounds) at the topsoil surface in most cultivated grassy areas including sandy soils (such as, in particular, golf greens, pastures, lawns, and the like), as well as other non-grassy sandy areas in which such humic acid accumulation poses water repellency problems (such as beaches), results in the production of an effective organic waxy coating on the soil and / or sand components. Such a coating is hydrophobic in nature and thus dries out the soil itself. The inventive formulation thus permits removal of such accumulated humic acid (and other compounds) from the topsoil to the level necessary to provide effective moisture penetration for sustained grass growth therein (hereinafter referred to as "redistributes"). Methods of providing such beneficial removal of humic substances from target sandy soils are also contemplated within this invention, as well as specific test hydrophobic sand formulations.

The invention discloses a construction method for a land arrangement of a rolling ground by topsoil stripping and backfilling. The construction method comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out a land division, selecting the lands needing to be arranged, and dividing the lands into multiple sections; then carrying out a topsoil stripping, carrying out the topsoil stripping from the middle section to the lands on two sides, and uniformly piling the stripped topsoil on two sides of the lands; then carrying out a land flattening; flattening and reshaping the lands which are processed by the topsoil stripping and protecting side slopes; finally, carrying out a topsoil backfilling, and carrying out the uniform topsoil backfilling from two sides of the land to the middle of the flattened land. The construction method provided by the invention effectively guarantees that: the agricultural acreage is not reduced, the topsoil resource is not lost, the topsoil space match is optimized, the configuration of soil body is good, the quality of the soil is not reduced and the production of the crop is increased; and the construction efficiency of the method is higher.

A method and system for treating at least bioorganic, organic, wastewater, and sewage sludge using recycle. The method of producing a treated sludge product comprises the following steps: (a) forming a sludge mixture by mixing untreated sludge with at least one alkaline material in an amount sufficient to raise pH of the sludge mixture to a level of at least about 12 and to increase percent solids in the sludge mixture to at least about 40% by weight; (b) forming a dried sludge mixture by drying the sludge mixture from step (a) in a direct or indirect dryer thereby increasing the percent solids thereof to at least about 50% by weight; (c) recycling a portion of the dried sludge mixture from step (b) to step (a); and (d) pasteurizing the dried sludge mixture from step (b) at a temperature at or above about 52° C. to form a treated sludge product. Exemplary applications for the treated sludge product include an agricultural liming agent, a soil conditioner, a fertilizer, a topsoil blend ingredient, and a fuel.

The invention discloses a method for fixing pollutants in pollution source soil in abandoned mine fields and application thereof. The fixing method comprises the steps of loosening the soil, digging holes, adding modifier and fertilizer to balance the soil in the holes, planting energy trees in the soil in the holes, sowing pioneer grass seeds on the topsoil in the holes, and the like. The invention uses chemical modifier and fertilizer to modify the planting condition of the polluted soil in mine areas, then interplants pioneer grass, fast-growing energy trees and other plants to effectively fixe substances such as heavy metal pollutants in soil, avoid the pollutants from being discharged to downstream areas in the form of acidic mine waste water to pollute the environment and damaging the ecology.

The invention discloses a planting method of cherries. The planting method comprises the following steps of (1) land control, wherein a land environment with the soil pH value being 5.6-7, sufficient sunlight and a good soil water humidity condition is selected; (2) land cleaning, wherein the land is cleaned in a raking mode; (3) density control, wherein the spacing between rows is 3 m*4 m; (4) soil preparation of the planting land; (5) base fertilizer application and topsoil returning; (6) seedling selection; (7) planting and (8) planting management. The planting method of cherries has the advantages of effectively preventing various problems caused by plant diseases, pests and the weather, and improving the yield and the survival rate of cherries.

The invention discloses an efficient automatic rice tray seedling raising precise sowing production line. The production line is composed of a steel wire chain feeding mechanism, a subsoil laying device, a subsoil compacting device, an intelligent double filling type hole drum sowing device, a topsoil laying device, an electric control box, a power motor, a soil collecting bucket, a seed receivingtank, a tray embedding device, an automatic tray stacking device and a rack. Accordingly, synchronous positioning and transportation on soft plastic pot body seedling trays, subsoil laying and compaction, precise sowing, topsoil covering, hard tray embedding and automatic stacking can be performed at a time; by means of the subsoil compaction device, the tray subsoil is compacted, the amount of subsoil is increased, and the later period seedling planting and inserting are facilitated; on the basis of the detection and control technology, an intelligent precise sowing device comprising a seedfilling performance detection system is researched and developed, and 1-3 grain / hole sowing of hybrid rice is achieved; by arranging the tray embedding and automatic tray stacking devices, the automation degree of the production line is improved, the functions are complete, and by means of the soft plastic pot body seedling tray operation, the current rice light simplified cultivation operation requirements are met.

The invention relates to a method for treating heavy metal copper of soil by means of plant-animal-microorganism combined remediation. The method includes putting earthworms into soil contaminated byheavy metal copper, spraying a small quantity of water periodically to keep moisture of the oil, mixing compound microbial agents into topsoil, carrying out rotary tillage and mixing, broadcasting festuca arundinacea seeds and annual bluegrass seeds uniformly, and watering to keep the soil moist. According to the method, plant can absorb copper of soil, and earthworms and compound microbial agentsstrengthen the effect of combined remediation to heavy metal copper of soil. The method has the advantages of good effect and low cost, is easy to manage and operate, is free of secondary pollution,and has wide application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of the forestry, more particularly relates to a modern afforesting and farming method, namely, the modern high and new technology implementing farming mechanization, chemical control weed elimination, nursery stock improved variety and afforesting ecologization in the whole afforesting production process, and realizing vesicle, topsoil return, chemical grass control, non-burning, and less-tillage or non-tillage afforesting. The invention has the advantages of advanced technology, labour and capital saving, and significant economic, social and ecological benefits, and eliminating the emissions of CO2 and the occurrence of forest fires due to the 'burning', thus maintaining the primary ecosystem of the woodland. The invention provides advanced methods and effective ways for promoting modern forestry and implementing sustainable development of the forestry.

The invention provides a biochar grassed slope structure for a coastal reclamation district channel. The biochar grassed slope structure is composed of a turf protection layer, a biochar soil recovery layer, a straw water guide layer and a crushed stone water draining body from top to bottom. The turf protection layer is fixed through cross-shaped wooden piles. The biochar soil recovery layer is formed by mixing biochar, flue gas desulfurization gypsum and local topsoil, and a good substrate is provided for the growth of turf. The straw water guide layer is manufactured by crushed straw with different lengths, and the lengths of the straw are gradually reduced from top to bottom according to the structure of an inverted filter layer. The crushed stone water draining body is arranged at a slope bottom, residual water collected in the straw water guide layer is removed timely. On one hand, the good carbon collecting function of the biochar can be utilized, the soil salinity and alkalinity of a reclamation district is improved, and sufficient nutrition is provided for the growth of the turf, and a slope surface is protected better by the turf. On the other hand, the water guide layer made of the straw prevents salt from accumulating in deep soil, seepage deformation is avoided through the structure of the inverter filter layer, a side slope is protected, and the overall structural performance and stability of the side slope are effectively enhanced.

The invention relates to a method for producing clean recycled soil and recycled aggregate by using construction waste. Soil separation comprises the steps that: under both the actions of a grating feeding machine and a No.1 vibration sieve, most of the soil in the construction waste is separated; rest of the soil is separated by using a No.2 vibration sieve; and final residual topsoil is separated by using a water concentrator. Steel bar separation comprises the steps that: most of long and short steel bars are sorted by using a No.1 strong-magnetic self-unloading de-ironing separator; long steel bar sorting is carried out under the assistance of a manual sorting station; and steel bar heads buried in the construction waste is subjected to an over-turning action of the No.2 vibration sieve, and are sorted out by using a No.2 strong-magnetic self-unloading de-ironing separator. Wood separation is carried out at the manual sorting station. According to the invention, multiple sorting means are adopted, intelligent cooperation of various devices is considered, and the process sequence is reasonably arranged. After repeated sorting of the impurities, the requirements for producing the clean recycled aggregate can be reached.

A method and system for treating at least bioorganic, organic, wastewater, and sewage sludge using recycle. The method of producing a treated sludge product comprises the following steps: (a) forming a sludge mixture by mixing untreated sludge with at least one alkaline material in an amount sufficient to raise pH of the sludge mixture to a level of at least about 12 and to increase percent solids in the sludge mixture to at least about 40% by weight; (b) forming a dried sludge mixture by drying the sludge mixture from step (a) in a direct or indirect dryer thereby increasing the percent solids thereof to at least about 50% by weight; (c) recycling a portion of the dried sludge mixture from step (b) to step (a); and (d) pasteurizing the dried sludge mixture from step (b) at a temperature at or above about 52° C. to form a treated sludge product. Exemplary applications for the treated sludge product include an agricultural liming agent, a soil conditioner, a fertilizer, a topsoil blend ingredient, and a fuel.

The invention relates to a method for measuring soil moisture content and an improved device thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil moisture content measurement in soil science, agriculture, forestry and ecology. Based on the existing TRIME EZ / EZC and TRIME IT / ITC type soil moisture content measuring device for measuring soil moisture content, the inventive improved device is arranged with an extended pipe sleeve for connecting with a sensor of the soil moisture content measuring device, an improved hole puncher and PVC pipes with different lengths, wherein, the hole puncher comprises hole puncher sensors, a stainless steel tube arranged at one end of the hole puncher sensor, a positioning plug sheathed on the stainless steel tube and a sliding valve sheathed on the hole puncher sensor arranged at the other end of the hole puncher. The soil moisture content measuring device is used to measure soil moisture content after the hole puncher probe perforates. Based on the existing soil moisture content measuring device, which can only measure topsoil moisture content and can not measure deep soil moisture content until digging a sloping surface, the inventive device can perform fixed point measurement of soil moisture content at different depths for a long term. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, simple method and easy operation.

The invention discloses a pipe and plate connection piece. The pipe and plate connection piece comprises a circular connector at the upper part, a cavity in the middle part and a slot located at the lower part of the cavity, wherein the slot is internally and convexly provided with a row of square opening pipes; and the pipe and plate connection piece is mainly used for coupling air conduction channels in a core plate of a water discharging plate with a branch pipe of a vacuum pipeline when the plastic water discharging plate with double water discharging channels is used in a vacuum pre-pressing fastening soft base method. The circular connector is connected with the branch pipe of the vacuum pipeline; the square opening pipes are connected with inner holes of the pumping and discharging plastic water discharging plate with the double water discharging channels; the circular connector is further provided with a check valve. According to the pipe and plate connection piece disclosed by the invention, the loss of a vacuum degree in a process of transmitting the vacuum degree from a vacuum pipeline system to the water discharging pipe is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved; the loss of vacuum pressure in a sand cushion layer is reduced, and the requirements of sealing are reduced; topsoil and soil below a surface layer can be directly used as a covering and sealing layer; and the pipe and plate connection piece disclosed by the invention is simple to manufacture and can be produced in a factory in a large batch.

The invention discloses a planting method for selenium-rich organic green tea. The planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) selecting sites to build a garden; (2) planting; (3) building a pollution-free insect-resistant project, arranging physical insect-catching devices such as trap insecticidal lamps, aphids stickers and the like in the garden; (4) fertilizing, mainly fertilizing biological agricultural organic fertilizer, ditching and fertilizing in tea tree planting lines, wherein the depth of the ditches is 60cm, fertilizing 1800kg of organic fertilizer and 6 to 9kg of selenium-containing fertilizer on each mu of land, fertilizing one layer of fertilizer and then layering one layer of soil, wherein the thickness of each layer of soil is between 10 and 20cm; (5) pruning. According to the planting method, topsoil in fertilizing ditches is turned downwards, and subsoil is turned upwards, which has the effects that the nutrient-rich topsoil facilitates root systems of tea trees absorbing nutrients in the topsoil after being turned downwards; pests, pest eggs and the like in the soil can be killed by means of low temperature in winter after the subsoil is turned upwards, and thereby the usage of pesticides is reduced, and the produced tea can meet the standard of organic tea. According to the planting method, organic fertilizer and nano selenium fertilizer are fertilized in a mixing layered way, and the organic fertilizer can absorb a portion of nano selenium fertilizer and can be slowly released.

A prevegetated blanket protects an exposed soil surface from erosion in an efficient manner. The prevegetated blanket has a fibrous structure, with a water retaining composition, water retention substance and topsoil to receive the desired seeds. Components of the prevegetated blanket of this invention grow a living membrane for native and cover crops in a controlled environment in a weed free, state. Then, the prevegetated blanket is transferred to a specific site and installed immediately after soil is prepared.