356 results about "Topsoil" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for preparing and using a microbial immobilized material for repairing contaminated soil. The method comprises the following steps: (1) after being dried by air, the waste biomass raw material is pulverized or ground into 1-20mm of particles; (2) the biomass particles are carbonized and sterilized at the temperature of 150-450 DEG C and under limited oxygen condition for 0.5-6 hours to prepare a carrier material; (3) the carrier material is put into bacterium suspension for enrichment culture according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.5-2mL/g, then the microbial immobilized material is produced; (4) the produced microbial immobilized material is added to organic contaminated soil according to the proportion of 1-500 tons per hectare soil, 0-30cm of topsoil is ploughed to cause the microbial immobilized material to be mixed evenly in the soil, simultaneously, the contaminated soil is biologically repaired and safe agricultural products are produced. The method has the advantages that the carrier material contains abundant lignin structures, carbon and nutrient elements, which provides more suitable matrix for microbial growth; and the immobilized material has strong affinity, high immobilization efficiency, strong adsorption capacity and good resistance against the pollutants in the environment; and the immobilized material is a soil fertilizer, and is suitable for large-scale in-situ biological repair of the contaminated soil.

The invention relates to a reclamation method for a sunk paddy field caused by mining in mountainous regions and belongs to the technical field of improvement and utilization of environment, ecology and damaged fields. The method includes: performing topsoil stripping to fissured positions where fissures are created by mining sinking and lead to water leakage of the paddy field; covering water holding materials on fissured areas after topsoil stripping; compacting the covered water holding materials, pouring slurry and standing; performing topsoil backfilling and grinding to the fissured areas after slurry pouring and standing, and flattening to enable the fissured areas to be a whole with pieces of the paddy field around the fissured areas; and irrigating, nourishing and improving the paddy field after backfilling and grinding. By the method, the cultivation land where the fissures are created by mining sinking and lead to water leakage of the paddy field can restore the paddy field utilization mode and reach production level of a normal paddy field as soon as possible, a stable self-maintaining farmland ecological system can be formed, a paddy field protecting system can be formed, soil microbial content can be increased, physicochemical property of soil can be improved, and benign farmland ecological system circulation can be formed.

The invention provides a method for improving saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following steps of: removing topsoil of the saline-alkali soil, setting an air-permeable anti-seepage aggregate layer on the saline-alkali soil of which the topsoil is removed, and setting a planting soil layer on the air-permeable anti-seepage aggregate layer. The invention also provides a planting method for the saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following step of: planting plants and/or plant seeds in improved saline-alkali soil, wherein the improved saline-alkali soil is treated by the method for improving the saline-alkali soil. The method for improving the saline-alkali soil and the planting method for the saline-alkali soil can effectively prevent the planting soil layer of the surface layer from being salinized, so that the planting soil layer is suitable for plantation for a long time; moreover, by the method for improving the saline-alkali soil, a large amount of fresh water resources are not needed for washing, so that the water consumption is effectively reduced and the using range of the method is expanded.

The invention discloses a special orchid culture media for subtropical regions and a preparation method thereof. The culture media comprises semi-weathered purple sandshale, slag, topsoil, rice husk, edible fungi cultivation residual materials and pine bark fragments with the volume ratio of 0.15-0.20:0.10-0.15:0.10-0.15:0.15-0.20:0.15-0.20:0.20-0.25; or semi-weathered purple sandshale, pine barkfragments, tea seeds or rapeseed meal and sawdust with the volume ratio of 0.17-0.25:0.45-0.50:0.03-0.05:0.25-0.30. According to the invention, the subtropical regions have abundant deposits of the semi-weathered purple sandshale which contains a plurality of trace elements required by the orchid and has the advantages of loose structure and moderate density, thus the media weight can be reduced,and the water permeability is good; semi-decomposed wood chips, coal slag, pine barks and edible fungi cultivation residual materials are recycled and supply nutrition to the orchid, thus the huge market potential is shown.

An instrument and method for variable depth tillage is provided. A soil engaging implement has a pair of load cells and at least one strain gauge set mounted thereon. The load cells are used to determine a linear trend of topsoil resistance pressure change with depth as the soil engaging implement is drawn through the soil. The strain gauges are used to measure torque on the soil engaging implement caused by the load transmitted through the at least two load cells as well as the load applied to the point of the soil engaging implement. The linear trend of topsoil resistance pressure change with depth and the torque on the soil engaging implement are then used to determine both measured and predicted mechanical soil resistance to penetration applied to the point and the difference between the two values serves as an input for tillage depth adjustment.

The invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield kiwi fruit planting method. The method includes the steps of 1), for site selection and soil preparation, selecting an area with fertile and loosening soil and good drainage for construction of field, building windbreak on the periphery, evenly mixing and applying 50-100kg of farmyard manure when planting pits are backfilled with topsoil, and building ridges higher than the ground level; 2), for seed collection and seedling raising, collecting fully ripe fruit, loading the fruit into a gauze bag for kneading, repeatedly washing with clear water and placing seeds indoors for drying in the shade; 3), for grafting cultivation, when the diameter of a sapling is greater than 1cm, cutting off scions 5-10cm away from the ground level on the sapling, retaining 2-4 buds, selecting a vigorous stock, and grafting the scions to the stock with the planting density of 2m*4m; 4), performing cultivation management including soil management, fertilizing management and water management; 5), for harvest storage, storing kiwi fruit by means of constant-temperature storage, low-temperature storage and air-conditioned storage. With the method, yield of the kiwi fruit is increased, and quality of the kiwi fruit is improved.

A system for covering various types of ground where water and wind erosion protection are needed comprises a composite of at least one geotextile tufted or knitted with synthetic yarns (forming a synthetic turf), an open grid mesh, and a geo-filter (filter fabric). The filter fabric is positioned in direct contact with the ground surface, the open grid mesh is positioned over the filter fabric, and the synthetic turf is positioned over the open grid mesh. The system provides a beneficial erosion protection that does not require maintenance and can be used to cover slopes without requiring vegetative support and/or a topsoil layer. An optional sand layer can be placed atop the synthetic turf as desired as infill to ballast the material and protect the system against wind uplift.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration management method for coal spontaneous combustion fire potential areas and standards and aims to provide an ecological restoration mode and technology for loess hilly-gully regions fragile in ecological environment and high in potential fire risk to meet the requirement of large-area ecological restoration projects. Methods and techniques are provided for ecological restoration of control regions by a series of ecological restoration methods including reclaiming land while mining by combination of topsoil resource exploitation, internal drainage and external drainage, performing erosion and torrent control works, adopting engineering technologies and biological methods for reclamation, planting trees for greening and the like.

Certain novel formulations of turf additives that act in such a manner as to permit proper amounts of moisture to contact root systems in order to reduce dry spots within highly managed turf areas and/or lawns. It is theorized that the accumulation of humic acid (and other natural byproduct deleterious compounds) at the topsoil surface in most cultivated grassy areas including sandy soils (such as, in particular, golf greens, pastures, lawns, and the like), as well as other non-grassy sandy areas in which such humic acid accumulation poses water repellency problems (such as beaches), results in the production of an effective organic waxy coating on the soil and/or sand components. Such a coating is hydrophobic in nature and thus dries out the soil itself. The inventive formulation thus permits removal of such accumulated humic acid (and other compounds) from the topsoil to the level necessary to provide effective moisture penetration for sustained grass growth therein (hereinafter referred to as "redistributes"). Methods of providing such beneficial removal of humic substances from target sandy soils are also contemplated within this invention, as well as specific test hydrophobic sand formulations.

The invention discloses a construction method for a land arrangement of a rolling ground by topsoil stripping and backfilling. The construction method comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out a land division, selecting the lands needing to be arranged, and dividing the lands into multiple sections; then carrying out a topsoil stripping, carrying out the topsoil stripping from the middle section to the lands on two sides, and uniformly piling the stripped topsoil on two sides of the lands; then carrying out a land flattening; flattening and reshaping the lands which are processed by the topsoil stripping and protecting side slopes; finally, carrying out a topsoil backfilling, and carrying out the uniform topsoil backfilling from two sides of the land to the middle of the flattened land. The construction method provided by the invention effectively guarantees that: the agricultural acreage is not reduced, the topsoil resource is not lost, the topsoil space match is optimized, the configuration of soil body is good, the quality of the soil is not reduced and the production of the crop is increased; and the construction efficiency of the method is higher.

A method and system for treating at least bioorganic, organic, wastewater, and sewage sludge using recycle. The method of producing a treated sludge product comprises the following steps: (a) forming a sludge mixture by mixing untreated sludge with at least one alkaline material in an amount sufficient to raise pH of the sludge mixture to a level of at least about 12 and to increase percent solids in the sludge mixture to at least about 40% by weight; (b) forming a dried sludge mixture by drying the sludge mixture from step (a) in a direct or indirect dryer thereby increasing the percent solids thereof to at least about 50% by weight; (c) recycling a portion of the dried sludge mixture from step (b) to step (a); and (d) pasteurizing the dried sludge mixture from step (b) at a temperature at or above about 52° C. to form a treated sludge product. Exemplary applications for the treated sludge product include an agricultural liming agent, a soil conditioner, a fertilizer, a topsoil blend ingredient, and a fuel.

The invention discloses a method for fixing pollutants in pollution source soil in abandoned mine fields and application thereof. The fixing method comprises the steps of loosening the soil, digging holes, adding modifier and fertilizer to balance the soil in the holes, planting energy trees in the soil in the holes, sowing pioneer grass seeds on the topsoil in the holes, and the like. The invention uses chemical modifier and fertilizer to modify the planting condition of the polluted soil in mine areas, then interplants pioneer grass, fast-growing energy trees and other plants to effectively fixe substances such as heavy metal pollutants in soil, avoid the pollutants from being discharged to downstream areas in the form of acidic mine waste water to pollute the environment and damaging the ecology.

The invention discloses a planting method of cherries. The planting method comprises the following steps of (1) land control, wherein a land environment with the soil pH value being 5.6-7, sufficient sunlight and a good soil water humidity condition is selected; (2) land cleaning, wherein the land is cleaned in a raking mode; (3) density control, wherein the spacing between rows is 3 m*4 m; (4) soil preparation of the planting land; (5) base fertilizer application and topsoil returning; (6) seedling selection; (7) planting and (8) planting management. The planting method of cherries has the advantages of effectively preventing various problems caused by plant diseases, pests and the weather, and improving the yield and the survival rate of cherries.

The invention discloses an efficient automatic rice tray seedling raising precise sowing production line. The production line is composed of a steel wire chain feeding mechanism, a subsoil laying device, a subsoil compacting device, an intelligent double filling type hole drum sowing device, a topsoil laying device, an electric control box, a power motor, a soil collecting bucket, a seed receivingtank, a tray embedding device, an automatic tray stacking device and a rack. Accordingly, synchronous positioning and transportation on soft plastic pot body seedling trays, subsoil laying and compaction, precise sowing, topsoil covering, hard tray embedding and automatic stacking can be performed at a time; by means of the subsoil compaction device, the tray subsoil is compacted, the amount of subsoil is increased, and the later period seedling planting and inserting are facilitated; on the basis of the detection and control technology, an intelligent precise sowing device comprising a seedfilling performance detection system is researched and developed, and 1-3 grain/hole sowing of hybrid rice is achieved; by arranging the tray embedding and automatic tray stacking devices, the automation degree of the production line is improved, the functions are complete, and by means of the soft plastic pot body seedling tray operation, the current rice light simplified cultivation operation requirements are met.

The invention relates to a method for treating heavy metal copper of soil by means of plant-animal-microorganism combined remediation. The method includes putting earthworms into soil contaminated byheavy metal copper, spraying a small quantity of water periodically to keep moisture of the oil, mixing compound microbial agents into topsoil, carrying out rotary tillage and mixing, broadcasting festuca arundinacea seeds and annual bluegrass seeds uniformly, and watering to keep the soil moist. According to the method, plant can absorb copper of soil, and earthworms and compound microbial agentsstrengthen the effect of combined remediation to heavy metal copper of soil. The method has the advantages of good effect and low cost, is easy to manage and operate, is free of secondary pollution,and has wide application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of the forestry, more particularly relates to a modern afforesting and farming method, namely, the modern high and new technology implementing farming mechanization, chemical control weed elimination, nursery stock improved variety and afforesting ecologization in the whole afforesting production process, and realizing vesicle, topsoil return, chemical grass control, non-burning, and less-tillage or non-tillage afforesting. The invention has the advantages of advanced technology, labour and capital saving, and significant economic, social and ecological benefits, and eliminating the emissions of CO2 and the occurrence of forest fires due to the 'burning', thus maintaining the primary ecosystem of the woodland. The invention provides advanced methods and effective ways for promoting modern forestry and implementing sustainable development of the forestry.

The invention relates to a method for producing clean recycled soil and recycled aggregate by using construction waste. Soil separation comprises the steps that: under both the actions of a grating feeding machine and a No.1 vibration sieve, most of the soil in the construction waste is separated; rest of the soil is separated by using a No.2 vibration sieve; and final residual topsoil is separated by using a water concentrator. Steel bar separation comprises the steps that: most of long and short steel bars are sorted by using a No.1 strong-magnetic self-unloading de-ironing separator; long steel bar sorting is carried out under the assistance of a manual sorting station; and steel bar heads buried in the construction waste is subjected to an over-turning action of the No.2 vibration sieve, and are sorted out by using a No.2 strong-magnetic self-unloading de-ironing separator. Wood separation is carried out at the manual sorting station. According to the invention, multiple sorting means are adopted, intelligent cooperation of various devices is considered, and the process sequence is reasonably arranged. After repeated sorting of the impurities, the requirements for producing the clean recycled aggregate can be reached.

The invention relates to a method for measuring soil moisture content and an improved device thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil moisture content measurement in soil science, agriculture, forestry and ecology. Based on the existing TRIME EZ/EZC and TRIME IT/ITC type soil moisture content measuring device for measuring soil moisture content, the inventive improved device is arranged with an extended pipe sleeve for connecting with a sensor of the soil moisture content measuring device, an improved hole puncher and PVC pipes with different lengths, wherein, the hole puncher comprises hole puncher sensors, a stainless steel tube arranged at one end of the hole puncher sensor, a positioning plug sheathed on the stainless steel tube and a sliding valve sheathed on the hole puncher sensor arranged at the other end of the hole puncher. The soil moisture content measuring device is used to measure soil moisture content after the hole puncher probe perforates. Based on the existing soil moisture content measuring device, which can only measure topsoil moisture content and can not measure deep soil moisture content until digging a sloping surface, the inventive device can perform fixed point measurement of soil moisture content at different depths for a long term. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, simple method and easy operation.

The invention discloses a pipe and plate connection piece. The pipe and plate connection piece comprises a circular connector at the upper part, a cavity in the middle part and a slot located at the lower part of the cavity, wherein the slot is internally and convexly provided with a row of square opening pipes; and the pipe and plate connection piece is mainly used for coupling air conduction channels in a core plate of a water discharging plate with a branch pipe of a vacuum pipeline when the plastic water discharging plate with double water discharging channels is used in a vacuum pre-pressing fastening soft base method. The circular connector is connected with the branch pipe of the vacuum pipeline; the square opening pipes are connected with inner holes of the pumping and discharging plastic water discharging plate with the double water discharging channels; the circular connector is further provided with a check valve. According to the pipe and plate connection piece disclosed by the invention, the loss of a vacuum degree in a process of transmitting the vacuum degree from a vacuum pipeline system to the water discharging pipe is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved; the loss of vacuum pressure in a sand cushion layer is reduced, and the requirements of sealing are reduced; topsoil and soil below a surface layer can be directly used as a covering and sealing layer; and the pipe and plate connection piece disclosed by the invention is simple to manufacture and can be produced in a factory in a large batch.