5934 results about "Rock bolt" patented technology

The invention relates to a construction method of a V-level surrounding rock tunnel, comprising the following steps: (1) making a drill guiding I-beam steel lagging jack, i.e. mounting an I-beam steel lagging jack, a groove steel trimming beam, a lock pin anchor rod, a guiding steel pipe, a longitudinal connection steel rib and face injecting concrete in sequence; and (2) construction and support in the tunnel, i.e. drilling pipe shelter steel pipe holes, mounting pipe shelter steel pipes, filling slurry inwards. The earthwork construction of a pilot tunnel comprises earthwork construction, primary support, injecting concrete on a pilot tunnel wall, suspending steel bar nets, casting concrete basis, mounting I-beam steel lagging jack, groove steel trimming beam, steel pads, I-shaped steel inclined strut and lock pin anchor rods, welding longitudinal connection steel bar, injecting concrete on the face and removing core soils; mounting a first-level step temporary inverted arch comprises: constructing lower-level earthwork, performing primary support in the pivot tunnel, mounting the second-level step temporary inverted arch, constructing the following level of earthwork, performing primary support, casting and filling inverted arch, and casting lining concrete at a time inside the pivot tunnel. The invention has the advantage of rapid penetration speed and safe construction.

The invention discloses a quick supporting method for large-deformation roadway easy to fall, break and loosen and an apparatus thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) clearing away the loose stones on the wall of the surrounding rock of the roadway; (2) hanging a reinforcing steel bar mesh along the digging outline of the roadway and initially spraying one thin concrete layer; (3) arranging an anchor rod in the drill hole of the roadway wall; (4) arranging a side-wall steel grating arch to support the surrounding rock of the side wall; (5) arranging a top-supporting steel grating arch, touching the top and supporting the upper surrounding rock; (6) clearing away the floating slag at the bottom of the roadway, arranging a steel grating arch of the inverted arch, supporting and sealing the system into a ring; (7) carrying out the cement injection construction on the anchor rod; (8) welding the exposed part of the cement injected anchor rod on the steel grating arch to form a whole structure; and (9) multi-spraying concrete or steel fiber concrete along the roadway wall. The apparatus comprises an anchor rod, a side-wall steel grating arch, a steel grating arch of top arch, a steel grating arch of inverted arch, and a concrete spray layer of reinforcing steel bar. The invention has the advantage of remarkable support effect, simple method and convenient operation and solves the problem that the bracket and the surrounding rock are not adhered tightly.

The invention relates to an ecological protection method for a high steep side slope. The method mainly comprises the steps of slope surface treatment, concrete shotcrete and rock bolt support, vegetating hole arrangement, net spreading, spray material preparation, granule spray sowing, maintenance, management, and the like. In the method, guest soil materials such as humus loam rich in organic matters and clay are utilized to undergo a granule reaction after mixed with a granule agent at the moment of spray sowing so as to form a greening template which has the same high order granule structure as natural soil and strong erosion resistance and can suppress water and soil loss. After a diversified mature plant community which is in harmony with surrounding vegetation environment is formed, the slope surface can be protected, which can effectively resist diseases and insect pests and maintain the ecological balance. Post maintenance management and expenses can be saved. All used materials can be naturally degraded, have no pollution to the environment and can purify air and beautify the environment. Equipment of the method does not need to be hung on the slope surface for construction, and spray sowing operations are carried out only below the slope surface, thus the method has high construction speed and safety. The method is suitable for slope surfaces which are difficult to green, and the like, such as various high steep and unstable slope surfaces, bare slope surfaces having high greening expected values, and the like.

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method in a fault fracture zone, which comprises the following steps: a. adopting the method of combining geophysical prospecting and drilling and combining long-distance and short-distance to ascertain the geological situation in front, and carry out advanced geological prediction; b. adopting advanced Anchor construction, pre-grouting construction of the surrounding walls of small conduits in advance, and advance support construction of grouting pipe shed and steel frame, and advance pre-support; c. Tunnel excavation and support. It provides a theoretical basis for detecting the specific location, range and water inflow of the fault fracture zone; ensures the safety of tunnel construction; on the basis of analyzing the specific location and scope of the fault fracture zone and adopting a reasonable advanced pre-support method, comprehensive and specific According to the geological conditions, choose a reasonable tunnel excavation method. It has strong applicability for the construction of expressway tunnels crossing fault fracture zones; at the same time, it has reference and reference significance for the construction of railway, municipal and water conservancy tunnels (holes) with similar geological conditions.

The invention relates to a composite support device of a dynamic pressure softrock tunnel based on a steel pipe concrete bracket, which comprises a steel pipe concrete bracket, wherein a flexible pressure sharing and releasing layer is arranged between the steel pipe concrete bracket and supported surrounding rock. The composite support device also comprises a surrounding rock grouting and reinforcing device, wherein the surrounding rock grouting and reinforcing device comprises a plurality of hollow surrounding rock grouting anchor rods, and the surrounding rock is grouted by the hollow anchor rods; after being injected with a concrete layer, the surrounding rock is covered by a flexible seal layer; and the steel pipe concrete bracket is provided with a vertical column shaped or Y-shaped or T-shaped high-strength steel pipe concrete strut. The high-strength steel pipe concrete bracket and the flexible pressure sharing and releasing layer are two necessary technologies; and the flexible seal layer, the surrounding rock grouting and reinforcement and the high-strength steel pipe concrete strut are three optional technologies. The flexible pressure sharing and releasing layer is combined with the steel pipe concrete bracket so that the whole support system combines hardness with softness, has simple structure, low cost and high support resistance and can effectively control the stability of large deformed tunnels of deep well softrock dynamic pressure, and the like.

The present invention is anchor support method and one kind of sectional hollow grouted anchor and has the features of first early strengthening locking and then grouting protection and prestressing. The sectional hollow grouted anchor consists of two sections including front solid rod and back hollow rod connected via connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve has mortar blocking unit and hollow rod section has several centralizing units. There are side hole canal in the joint of the connecting sleeve and the hollow rod and hole canal in the support cushion for some pipe to pass through. The said anchor support method of the present invention is used for temporary and permanent fast support in both hard and weak rock formation conditions.

The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating large deformation and collapse of a softrock tunnel, which comprises the following steps: tunneling molding or enlarging a tunnel; primarily spraying the first layer of concrete, and hanging a side net and a top net at the first layer of concrete; arranging a constant-resistance large deformation rock bolt; multiply spraying the second layer of concrete; arranging a constant-resistance large deformation anchor cable on the top plate; digging and laying the first layer of base plate concrete; hanging a layer of backing screen on the first layer of base plate concrete, and arranging a base angle anchor rod at the base angle; laying the second layer of base plate concrete onto the grade level; setting a long-term ground pressure monitoring point, if the tunnel deforms to a certain preset valve, carrying out secondary support at the key position of the tunnel and carrying out pressurization and slip casting on surrounding rock. The invention can well ensure the stability of softrock tunnel under the condition of large deformation, in addition, the invention has the advantages of simple and practicable implement and lower cost.

The invention discloses a deep well tunnel cable anchor rigid-flexible coupling support and surrounding rock overall reinforced support method which is characterized by firstly excavating a tunnel according to the shape of cross section of the tunnel, and spraying concrete on the surface of surrounding rocks of the cross section formed by excavation; adopting a steel bar mesh and a high-strength prestressed anchor for supporting the surrounding rocks of the tunnel in time; implementing high-strength prestressed anchor cables at the center and two spandrels at the top part of the tunnel; re-spraying the concrete on the surface of the surrounding rocks of the tunnel; mounting a grouting anchor pipe on a top plate and two side surrounding rocks of the tunnel after the tunnel is excavated for 15-20d, and injecting cement slurry into fracture regions of the surrounding rocks of the tunnel; excavating a baseplate of the tunnel after the tunnel is excavated for 25-30d, mounting the grouting anchor pipe, injecting cement slurry liquid into a rock layer of the baseplate; and finally using the concrete to backfill the baseplate of the tunnel flat. The method can solve the problems of large deformation of the deep well tunnel and serious floor heave, avoid the repair work of the tunnel and have significant economic benefits.

The invention discloses a fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle integrating processes of anchor net paving, anchor hole drilling, anchoring agent injecting and installing of anchor bolt, and relates to the field of coal mine downhole tunnel support. The fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle solves the existing problem of misalignment of digging and supporting caused by complicated process and low efficiency of tunnel support operation. The fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle is characterized by comprising a vehicle body, a self-walking mechanism, a temporary support mechanism, an anchor drilling automation device, and an anchor net storing and a conveying mechanism. The anchor net is grabbed and conveyed to a temporary support frame by the anchor net conveying mechanism from an anchor net storage vehicle, and is supported by the temporary support frame to complete the anchor net laying work; and the anchor drilling automation device realizes the left-right and up-down displacement by the double-acting hydraulic cylinder in a car body sliding slot, and the rotation of the anchor drilling automation device is realized by a swing motor. According to the fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle, the automatic laying of a back anchor net can be completed, mechanized support and automatic support of a top anchor rod and a side anchor rod can be realized, and the fully automatic drilling anchor work vehicle is matched with tunneling equipment to realize the parallel operation of digging and supporting anchor.

The present invention discloses a rock bolt having a tendon (1, 201) which is able to yield and thereby control movement of unstable rock strata into which the bolt is installed. The tendon has a portion which is provided with a grout slippage mechanism, preferably in the form of a tube (8) which surrounds the tendon. A two part grout anchor (10, 100, 200) is clamped to the tendon. The grout anchor is embedded in grout and is therefore essentially immovable. The tendon passing through the anchor is worked and thereby dissipates energy. The tendon can be either a multi-strand cable (1) or a solid bar (200). Various forms of anchor (10, 200) are disclosed with either complementary recess(es) (14) and protrusion(s) (15) or opposed protrusions (115) which form pinch point(s). A one piece grout anchor (300) is also disclosed.

The invention discloses a supporting and reinforcing structure of a coal mine tunnel and a construction technology thereof. The supporting and reinforcing structure of the coal mine tunnel comprises a lane, wherein a grid-shaped reinforced layer is arranged on the inner wall of the lane, an anchor rod is arranged on the grid node portion of the reinforced layer, the inner end of the anchor rod is anchored in surrounding rock of the lane, and an anchor plate and a nut of the anchor reinforced layer are arranged at the outer end of the anchor rod. A concrete spraying layer covered on the reinforced layer and arranged at the outer end of the anchor rod is further arranged on the inner wall of the lane, a grouting anchor rod is arranged in the surrounding rock of the lane, an anchor cable is further arranged in the surrounding rock of the lane, the inner end of the anchor cable is anchored in the surrounding rock of the lane, and the outer end of the anchor cable is anchored on the outer side of the concrete spraying layer through a tray and a tensioning lock. The supporting and reinforcing structure of the coal mine tunnel integrates the surrounding rock of the lane in cementing mode with the initiative supporting theory as the guidance, prestress is reserved in the rock body, and stress is released and superimposed slowly, so that self integral strength and stability of soft rock and coal body are improved, the surrounding rock in a release ring of the lane can form a structure relatively homogenous and stable, and the aim of reinforcing and protecting the soft rock lane can be achieved within a long time.

The present invention relates to rock bolts which may be used in mining applications. The rock bolt of this invention includes a mechanical anchoring arrangement to facilitate retaining the rock bolt in a borehole, and also a drill bit to enable self drilling of the rock bolt. Rotation of the rock bolt about an axis of the rock bolt in a first direction causes the drill bit to drill into rock and to create a borehole to receive the rock bolt. Subsequently, rotation in the opposite direction actuates a mechanical anchoring arrangement to anchor rock bolt.

The invention discloses a top-cutting roadway coal-pillar-free mining method of a close-range thin coal seam. The method comprises the following steps of: (1), excavating an upper crossheading roadway and a lower crossheading roadway; (2), mounting a grouting constant-resistance anchor rope and a grouting constant-resistance anchor rod without grouting at first, and a monomer hydraulic pillar, machining energy-accumulation presplitting top-cutting holes, and blasting to obtain presplitting cutting joints; (3), extracting an upper coal seam till unavailable; (4), allowing a mining field ejection plate to collapse along the shallow energy-accumulation presplitting cutting joints; (5), spraying a concrete spray layer to the rise side wall of the lower crossheading roadway, and grouting the grouting constant-resistance anchor rope and the grouting constant-resistance anchor rod; (6), extracting a lower coal seam till unavailable, and allowing the mining field ejection plate to collapse along the deep energy-accumulation presplitting cutting joints; (7), taking a roadway automatically formed at the original lower crossheading roadway as the upper crossheading roadway of a next mining surface; and (8), repeating steps (2) to (7). According to the method, by using the cutting joints formed by the energy-accumulation presplitting top-cutting holes for blasting the ejection plate, shallow breakage and deep breakage can be performed twice, and twice collapse of the mining field ejection plate is achieved.

A novel prefabricated shearwall is disclosed with improved structural characteristics in terms of its ability to 1) transfer lateral loads to the foundation, 2) resist bending moments normally arising in conventional shearwalls between hold-down hardware and end posts or vertical framing members, 3) effectively diffuse stresses known to result in nail fatigue, and 4) reduce slippage between the bottom of the end posts and base in response to cyclic loadings. These superior properties result partly from its geometry in lower, or shear force transfer region, accompanied by thrust block/anchor rod assemblies to provide stiffness and strength over the lower portion of the end posts. Furthermore, specialized wrap-around connector plates that cover a portion of the bottom surface of these end posts also contribute to the enhanced prefabricated shearwall design.

A roof edging system includes an anchor bar, an extension cleat attachable to the anchor bar, and a cover plate applied over the anchor bar and extension cleat. The anchor bar may be of a generally uniform size and shape and the extension cleat may be of varying sizes. The anchor bar and extension cleat are secured to the exterior of the building using fasteners inserted through a number of apertures in each member. The engagement of the anchor bar with the roof provides a waterproof seal between a roofing membrane placed on the roof and the anchor bar. The extension cleat provides a means to vary the overall length of the assembly. A durable cover plate may then be attached over the anchor bar and extension cleat to provide an aesthetically pleasing appearance to the periphery of the roof of the building.

The invention provides a novel expansion shell inverted wedge type grouting anchor rod comprising an anchor rod body, an expansion shell type anchoring head, an inverted wedge type outer sleeve, a transmission ring, a grouting blocking plug, an anchoring base plate and nuts. The anchor rod is characterized in that the expansion shell type anchoring head and the anchoring base plate are located at two ends of the anchor rod body and are fixed through the nuts, the inverted wedge type outer sleeve is sleeved outside of the anchor rod body, the bottom of the transmission ring is arranged in the inverted wedge type outer sleeve, and the top end of the transmission ring contacts the expansion shell type anchoring head. The anchor rod body is a hollow metal rod element provided with left-hand threads. The expansion shell type anchoring head is small-end-up and provided with a flap-shaped structure which can open at a certain angle in an expansion mode, and can form barbs invertedly piercing in a rock body when stressed and expanded. The surface of the inverted wedge type outer sleeve is provided with inverted wedge type grooves in the annular direction. The novel expansion shell inverted wedge type grouting anchor rod has the advantages of being fast in anchoring, easy to install, capable of grouting and the like, facilitates mechanical construction, and has good anchoring effects on soft, expanded and cracked surrounding rock.

The invention specifically discloses a bolting-grouting integrated support method for zonal disintegration of deep roadway surrounding rock, and the method comprises the following steps of: (1) after the roadway is excavated, immediately shotting concrete to close the surrounding rock, employing a high-pretightening force overstrength anchor bolt for supporting in the first disintegration zone, and arranging a steel bar net on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock and shotting concrete again; (2) applying a pretightening force anchor cable on the top plate of the roadway surrounding rock such that the anchoring end of the anchor cable is located in the deep intact rock mass, arranging a steel I-beam closely to the surrounding rock, passing the anchor cable through the shotcrete, the steel I-beam and a yielding ring and fixing the anchor cable on the inner wall of the roadway surrounding rock by using an anchor cable lock, thereby realizing coupling and supporting of the anchor bolt and the anchor cable; and (3) according to the monitoring result of the zonal disintegration of the surrounding rock, performing the delayed anchor bolt support for about 20-30 days, and performing grouting reinforcement on each disintegration zone by virtue of long and short combined injection pipes or a hollow sectional spiral grouting anchor bolt. The bolting-grouting integrated support method is capable of effectively performing bolting-grouting integrated reinforcement on the disintegrated surrounding rock of the deep roadway and thereby obviously enhancing the stability of the roadway.

The invention relates to a flexible umbrella supporting anchor bolt and a method for supporting a soil slope thereby. An end ring and an end circular connector are fixedly disposed at one end of a round anchor bolt. A spring circular connector and a middle ring are fixedly disposed in the middle of the round anchor bolt. A lower circular connector adjacent to the right side of the middle ring movably sleeves the round anchor bolt. A drag umbrella surrounding the round anchor bolt comprises reacting plates evenly arranged, pull rods and compression springs. One end of a flexible pull rope is fixed to a round hole arranged in the other end of the round anchor bolt. More than one flexible umbrella supporting anchor bolt is connected with a soil high slope protective structure, composed of a geogrid mesh, a vegetation protective layer and a retaining wall, through the flexible pull ropes, and a whole for firmly and reliably anchoring and protecting the soil high slope is formed. The umbrella reacting plates are connected with the protective structural mesh through the flexible pull rope, anchoring force is greatly higher than that of a traditional anchor bolt, anchoring effect is more reliable, and engineering cost can be decreased by 50-60%.

The invention discloses an even-grouting structure of a coal mine tunnel and a construction technology thereof. The even-grouting structure of the coal mine tunnel comprises a lane, wherein a concrete spraying layer is arranged on the inner wall of the lane, a grouting anchor rod for filling reinforcing slurry into surrounding rock so as to form a reinforcing assembly arch on the outer side of the lane is arranged in the surrounding rock of the lane, the inner end of the grouting anchor rod is communicated with a crack in the surrounding rock of the lane, the outer end of the grouting anchor rod protrudes out of the concrete spraying layer, grouting anchor cables are further arranged at the top of the lane and in the surrounding rock on two sides of the lane, one end of each grouting anchor cable is anchored in the surrounding rock, and the other end of the grouting anchor cable is anchored on the outer side of the concrete spraying layer. Slurry is filled in cracks in the surrounding rock of the lane for reinforcing, the grouting is performed according to the softness and broken degree and the crack development degree of the rock, and repeated reinforcing and cementing are performed, so that cohesion and inner friction angles of the surrounding rock can be fundamentally changed, the surrounding rock in a broken rock zone of the lane can be in a relatively homogeneous and stable state, and the reinforcing assembly arch even in stress is formed on the outer side of the lane.

The invention involves an anchorage method to reinforcing and maintaining the layer of rock and soil, namely the construction method of producing the prestress anchor bolt using the mechanical reaming reamer. It includes drilling, reaming, washing and slip casting, the slurries are wrapped with the prestress dabber together and are solidified to forming the anchor bolt. The second slip casting is needed after the first slip casting according the design requirements; the second slip casting adopts high pressure splitting casting pipe or many pipes. The construction method of the invention applies to ground layers with different soil strata, it can work in the direction of horizontal angle is 0~90degree, it is equipped with cylinderin volumes and conical reaming volumes along the length of the anchor bar; it can ream only once, and can ream many times or for many volumes, and they are connected with each other for a whole to increasing the contact area between the anchor bolt and the rock or soil. Because of the combination of the effect of anchor bolt end bearing and the effect of friction, it doubles the carrying capacity of anchor bolt and correspondingly shortens the length of the anchor bolt, so it has significant economic benefits.

An apparatus (100) for post-grouting a rock bolt (1) has an elongate sleeve (101) adapted to receive a rock bolt (1) with a first end (1a) thereof extending beyond the sleeve first end (101a) and a second end (1b) thereof extending beyond the sleeve second end (101b). An end fitting (102) is attached to the sleeve second end (101b) and has a central aperture (106, 107) for receiving the rock bolt (1). Grout passages (112) communicate the exterior of the end fitting (102) with the interior of the sleeve (101). A seal means (117) is displaceable between open and closed positions so as to seal the grout passages (112). The seal means (117) is biased towards the closed position at which the grout passages (112) are substantially sealed. Injection of grout into the end fitting (102) via the passages (112) deflects the seal means (117) to the open position enabling flow of grout through the passages (112) and into the sleeve (101).