854 results about "Tunnel wall" patented technology

A soft tissue fixation system, most typically applicable to orthopedic joint repairs, such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) knee repair procedures, comprises an implant which is placeable in a tunnel disposed in a portion of bone, wherein the tunnel is defined by walls comprised of bone. A first member is deployable outwardly to engage the tunnel walls for anchoring the implant in place in the tunnel, and a second member is deployable outwardly to engage tissue material to be fixed within the tunnel. The second member also functions to move the tissue material outwardly into contact with the tunnel walls to promote tendon-bone fixation. Extra graft length is eliminated by compression of the tendon against the bone at the aperture of the femoral tunnel, which more closely replicates the native ACL and increases graft stiffness. The inventive device provides high fixation of tendon to bone and active tendon-bone compression. Graft strength has been found to be greater than 1,000 N (Newtons), which is desirable for ACL reconstruction systems.

The invention relates to a construction method of a V-level surrounding rock tunnel, comprising the following steps: (1) making a drill guiding I-beam steel lagging jack, i.e. mounting an I-beam steel lagging jack, a groove steel trimming beam, a lock pin anchor rod, a guiding steel pipe, a longitudinal connection steel rib and face injecting concrete in sequence; and (2) construction and support in the tunnel, i.e. drilling pipe shelter steel pipe holes, mounting pipe shelter steel pipes, filling slurry inwards. The earthwork construction of a pilot tunnel comprises earthwork construction, primary support, injecting concrete on a pilot tunnel wall, suspending steel bar nets, casting concrete basis, mounting I-beam steel lagging jack, groove steel trimming beam, steel pads, I-shaped steel inclined strut and lock pin anchor rods, welding longitudinal connection steel bar, injecting concrete on the face and removing core soils; mounting a first-level step temporary inverted arch comprises: constructing lower-level earthwork, performing primary support in the pivot tunnel, mounting the second-level step temporary inverted arch, constructing the following level of earthwork, performing primary support, casting and filling inverted arch, and casting lining concrete at a time inside the pivot tunnel. The invention has the advantage of rapid penetration speed and safe construction.

The invention relates to a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring method and a monitoring system thereof. The monitoring method is as below: (1) firstly, a laser is fixed on the inner wall of a stabilized tunnel surrounding rock, then a fixed photosensitive displacement signal monitor is arranged on a preliminary bracing of an unstable surrounding rock in the constructed tunnel, and the signal output end of the laser is opposite to the signal receiving end of the photosensitive displacement signal monitor; (2) during the monitoring, the laser sends a real-time laser signal to the photosensitive displacement signal monitor used for receiving laser signals, and in the monitoring process, the photosensitive displacement signal monitor sends monitoring data on the deformation displacement of the unstable surrounding rock to a signal processing terminal; and (3) the signal processing terminal performs automatic analysis according to collected data, and when the deformation displacement value of the surrounding rock reaches or exceeds a dangerous deformation value, the signal processing terminal sends an alarm signal via an alarming system. The method and the system thereof are favorable for reducing and avoiding casualty and loss caused by serious tunnel and laneway collapse so as to improve the construction safety.

A drilling fluid composition for horizontal directional drilling is a flowable aqueous slurry of biodegradable, non-toxic, preferably edible plant particles. The particle size of the plant-derived particles depends on the drill bit used. The particles should be small enough not to clog the fluid jet orifices in normal use. The slurry is pumped through to the drill bit in a warm or preferably hot state, e.g. 80-100° C. After ejection, the slurry cools rapidly, causing solidification and creating a lining on the tunnel wall.

A garment for the transporting, observing, entertaining, training, and displaying of small animals, reptiles and insects (gerbils, mice, snakes, tarantulas, spiders, lizards, etc.) in the tunnels of the garment while on the shoulders of their owners. The garment consists of a see-through, mesh washable fabric panel on top and a brightly colored washable panel underneath, attached to each other using releasable fasteners. The fasteners also provide means to construct tunnel walls and nesting areas for the small animal. The fasteners further provide attachment to the garment tunnel's floor and walls for toys and other paraphernalia to entertain the pet and adorn the garment. This garment allows the owner to hold, observe, and transport his pet without damaging or soiling his clothes while his pet has a tunnel in which to play and rest safely. Also the owner can remove toys, food and nesting material in order to launder the garment.

The invention discloses a ceramic imitation cement, a ceramic imitation cement product and a preparation method thereof. The ceramic imitation cement comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35 to 50 percent of hydraulic adhesive, 15 to 43 percent of aggregate particles, 8 to 28 percent of filler, 0.5 to 8 percent of polymer, 0.3 to 3 percent of fiber, 0.5 to 1.3 percent of water reducing agent, 0.2 to 1.3 percent of additive and the balance of water. The ceramic imitation cement product of the invention has the characteristics of high intensity, toughness, rigidity, non-inflammability, low water absorption rate, high resistance to freezing and thawing, antibiotic property, insect resistance, and mould resistance, looks like ceramic but does not need sintering or glazing, has decorating property of an FC plate but does not have the defects of the FC plate and has more functions; and the ceramic imitation cement product can be taken as inner wall and outer wall decorating plates of buildings, floors, outer wall hung plates, wall plates of subway stations and tunnel wall plates. The preparation method has the advantages of simpleness, convenience, practicability, small investment, quick response and capability of preparing ceramic imitation cement plates, plain concrete plates, and terrazzo slabs and flexible cement plates of various colors.

The invention discloses a tunnel heading-along earthquake advanced detection device taking a heading machine as an earthquake focus and a method thereof. The device comprises an earthquake detector, an earthquake focus signal receiving sensor and an earthquake wave receiving detector array, wherein the earthquake focus signal receiving sensor is arranged on the arm of the heading machine; and the earthquake wave receiving detector array is arranged on a tunnel wall. The method comprises the following steps of: continuously acquiring earthquake wave signals through a three-component sensor which is coupled on the arm of the heading machine and a three-component sensor array which is arranged on tunnel surrounding rock by taking vibration generated by cutting rock with a cutting head during working of the heading machine as a hypocenter; and recording the acquired signals for processing, and forecasting the position and structural detail of a geological anomalous body in front of a tunnel by analyzing received wave field imaging geometrical characteristics. Due to the adoption of the device and the method, the problem of oneness of an earthquake wave field of a pure explosive source in near flat ground layer tunnel advanced detection can be solved without influencing the tunnel heading work; the device has high working efficiency and high detection accuracy, and is free from safety risks; and accurate positioning of a geometrical anomalous body can be realized.

The invention provides a tunnel convergence displacement and arch crown settlement measuring device and measuring method. The measuring device is mounted on a tunnel wall and comprises an alignment device fixedly mounted on the tunnel wall, a laser distance measuring sensor mounted on the alignment device and a reflector mounted on a measuring point on the tunnel wall. The alignment device comprises a base, a ball socket is arranged in the base and is in spherical fit with a ball head rotor; the ball head rotor is fixedly connected with the laser distance measuring sensor; a locking device is arranged between the ball socket and the ball head rotor. The base is fixedly mounted on the tunnel wall through an expansion screw; the thread at one end part of the expansion screw is shorter than a threaded hole in the base of the alignment device. The measuring device further comprises an external triggering line and an external triggering button which are connected with the laser distance measuring sensor. Only one measuring device is needed to finish the convergence displacement and arch crown settlement measurement of an entire tunnel; the measurement result is accurate; the requirements of multiple measuring lines, high frequency and big total quantity of tunnel convergence monitoring are met.

The present invention belongs to the field of tunnel and underground engineering technology. In the concrete, it relates to a shield tunnel settlement control method based on ground-detecting radar. Said control method includes the following steps: adopting ground-detecting radar equipment to make sectional and longitudinal detection of slurry injection after shield tunnel wall, determining and estimating dielectric constant of slurry injection material, making model testing detection to obtain data, extracting characteristic image and characteristic wave, utilizing wavelet neural network automatic identification method to obtain slurry injection layer distribution form, combining said slurry injection layer distribution form with ground settlement monitoring data and making analysis, then defining further construction measure for implementing settlement control according to the detected and analyzed result.

A tunnel boring machine is provided comprising a cutter head, a main beam, a first, second, and third shield; and a ground conditioning work zone within the first shield, a gripper assembly, a segment erector arm for lining the tunnel, and at least one propulsion mechanism. The ground conditioning work zone includes at least one probing device for probing the terrain ahead of the cutter head. The first shield is configured to be retracted relative to the second shield to provide access for the ground conditioning work zone to apply at least one ground support device. The at least one propulsion mechanism moves the cutter head, the first and the second shield forward while the third shield and the gripper assembly remain stationary. The ground support devices can include filling a hole with a ground conditioning agent; and placing a bolt, ring beam, mesh, or shotcrete in / on the tunnel wall.

The invention discloses an intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle inspection system and method of a tunnel. On the basis of combination of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology and the image processing technology, the unmanned aerial vehicle is applied to tunnel inspection work. According to the invention, various sensors are added to an unmanned aerial vehicle platform; with data collected by a monocular black-and-white camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU), precise positioning and navigation of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the tunnel are realized by means of multi-sensor data fusion according to a VINS-Mono positioning mapping algorithm; a 2D laser radar collects point cloud data to realize estimation of a tunnel wall direction and UAV obstacle avoidance; a high-resolution camera collects a tunnel image, a motion trajectory of the camera is restored based on an SfM algorithm, and a three-dimensional model of the tunnel is generated by combining a high-definition image, thereby realizing the detailed tunnel inspection task. Compared with the traditional tunnel inspection way relying on the personnel and vehicles, the intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle inspection system and method have advantages of high automation degree and high work efficiency and can be widely applied to tunnel inspection work.

The invention discloses a device and a method for carrying TBM (tunnel boring machine) seismic wave advanced prediction instruments. The device for carrying the TBM seismic wave advanced prediction instruments comprises a seismic wave excitation machine carrying device and a seismic wave detector carrying device. The seismic wave excitation machine carrying device comprises bases, and the bases are arranged on slide rails axially arranged along tunnels, are connected with first driving mechanisms and can move along the slide rails under the driving effects of the first driving mechanisms; the first driving mechanisms are connected with a controller; an excitation machine is mounted at the tail end of a mechanical arm, the other end of the mechanical arm is mounted on the bases, the bases can move along the slide rails under the driving effects of the first driving mechanisms, and accordingly excitation can be carried out on different cross sections by the excitation machine; the mechanical arm is connected with second driving mechanisms, and angles of the excitation machine and angles of tunnel walls can be adjusted by the mechanical arm under the effects of the second driving mechanisms, so that excitation effects can be guaranteed; the first driving mechanisms and the second driving mechanisms are connected with the controller.

The invention is a non-contact mine pressure observing and evaluating method, relating to a technique of monitoring and evaluating relative stress state of mine digging space or tunnel wall rock by non-contact monitoring the electromagnetic radiation information generated by loaded coal and rock, and the observing method: firstly selecting a region to be monitored, aligning the valid receiving direction of an oriented receiving electromagnetic antenna to an test point and obtaining Ei after test and testing until all test points are tested. And the evaluating method: index of mine pressure evaluation adopts average values Ei of electromagnetic radiation strengths of coal and rock, and calculating average value Eavg of all Ei; displaying the test results Ei in figure, and when the obtained electromagnetic radiation strength of a test point is higher than Eavg, the test point is evaluated as a high stress point; a region with two or more continuous test points whose electromagnetic radiation strengths are all higher than Eavg is evaluated as a high stress region; a region with two or more adjacent test points whose electromagnetic radiation strengths sharply increase by twice above or sharply decrease by above 50%, is evaluated as a high stress gradient region.

The invention comprises a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor servo system, an axial output oil cylinder piston, an axial servo loading system, a computer and a loading frame. The loading frame is connected to the pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is connected to the triaxial pressure chamber; the triaxial pressure chamber is connected to the metal piece; the triaxial pressure chamber is respectively connected to the loading frame and base; there is an axial spacer located in the triaxial pressure chamber; a lateral extensometer chain and a lateral extensometer clamp are mounted on the sample tunnel wall of the triaxial pressure chamber.

The invention provides an automatic waterproof board trolley for tunnels, belonging to the technical field of tunnel construction, which includes a trolley main body, a walking trolley, a cloth rolling device, a rolling device and a trolley walking track; the trolley main body is provided with a road walking mechanism; The cloth device includes a driving device and a cloth rolling shaft; the driving device drives the cloth rolling shaft to work; the rolling device includes a bracket and a rolling roller. The tunnel automatic waterproof board trolley realizes the automatic release of the waterproof board through the rolling device, and rolls the deployed waterproof cloth and the tunnel wall tightly through the rolling device to avoid wrinkles of the waterproof board, and the rolling device can walk along The trolley moves along the trolley track and is suitable for the entire tunnel contour; therefore, it improves the laying accuracy of the waterproof board, so that the waterproof board can fit the tunnel wall completely according to the tunnel contour, without a large gap in the middle, and ensures the reserved sag, thereby improving the waterproof effect; at the same time, reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving work efficiency.

The invention discloses a water expansion type fire-proof mildew-proof coating for tunnels, which are prepared through conventional preparation processes with the cooperation of auxiliary agents, wherein silicone acrylic emulsion serves as a film forming matter, modified ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, dipentaerythritol and azodicarbonamide serve as fire retardants; titanium dioxide, zinc borate and expansible graphite serve as fillers; nanometer SiO2 serves as a modified material and an anion antibacterial additive serves as a mildew-proof bactericide. The mildew-proof fire-proof protective coating disclosed by the invention has the advantages of long fire-proof time limit, good adhesion property, water resistance and permeability resistance, mildew resistance and antibacterial property, environmental protection and no toxicity, good decorative effect, thinness in coating and convenience for construction and is suitable for various tunnel walls.

The invention discloses a four-period-five-purpose hole-drilling high-efficiency gas extracting process, comprising the steps of: drilling a measure hole from a rock stratum tunnel wall of a coal seam top plate rock stratum tunnel to one side of the rock stratum tunnel and drilling a extracting hole from the rock stratum tunnel wall of the coal seam base plate rock stratum tunnel to a coal seam working face; performing shock blasting and / or hydrofracture to the measure hole for increasing the permeability of the coal seam, wherein the measure hole is a rock hole in the top plate or base plate rock stratum of the coal seam and positioned over or under the coal seam working face; sealing the measure hole and the extracting hole for extracting gas, and then tunneling the tunnel of the coal seam; continuously extracting the gas in the coal seam through the measure hole and / or the extracting hole when before and in stope. According to the four-period-five-purpose hole-drilling high-efficiency gas extracting process, the high-efficiency gas extraction in periods of tunneling the coal seam tunnel, and before, in and after stoping on the working face can be achieved. And simultaneously, the four-period-five-purpose hole-drilling high-efficiency gas extracting process can shield the tunneling of double coal seam tunnel of the working face.

The invention discloses a siphon drainage method for tunnel wall water seepage disposal by using a dipping borehole. A dipping borehole is drilled in a water seepage point of a tunnel wall, and the relative altitude difference between the orifice and the hole bottom of the borehole is less than 8m; one end of a siphon drain pipe 3 is inserted in a hole-bottom standpipe, and the hole-bottom standpipe is inserted in the bottom of the borehole together with the siphon drain pipe; the other end of the siphon drain pipe is inserted in a water storage tank of a diversion pipe; underground water seeped from surrounding rock enters the dipping borehole to cause the water level to rise in the borehole and also cause a siphon process, the underground water in the borehole is drained to the diversion pipe in real time through the siphon drain pipe, and the water is guided to a drainage ditch of a tunnel through the diversion pipe and flows out of the tunnel. The method disclosed by the invention disposes the water seepage by dredging instead of blocking, thus avoiding the diffusion of an underground water seepage range. The construction of the tunnel side wall water seepage disposal is rapid and convenient, and a bad effect caused by a damaged lining impermeable layer due to the seepage-proofing disposal can be avoided.

There is described a method for controlling the amount of ionized gases and / or particles suspended in the air above roads, streets, open spaces or the like. This is done by establishing an electrical field between the top layer of a road, street, open space or the like, and the said ionized gases and / or particles. By means of controlling the electrical field we will be able to control the amount of ionized gases and / or particles. The invention also indicates how the electrical field can be established between surfaces in the immediate vicinity of a road, street, open space or the like, for example in tunnel walls. The electrical field is established by making at least the top layer of the surface concerned electrically conductive and connecting it to earth or to one pole of an electrical voltage source.

The invention discloses a tunnel arch crown detection device, which includes a geological radar, an extension mechanism and a base, wherein the geological radar is installed on the base through the extension mechanism; the extension mechanism includes a guiding rail, a guiding rail sliding block, a support rod and a driving assembly; the guiding rail is vertically arranged on the base; the support rod is installed on the guiding rail through the guiding rail sliding block in a sliding manner; the driving assembly drives the support rod to slide on the guiding rail; and the geological radar is installed at the top end of the support rod through a buffering mechanism enabling the geological radar to be elastically contacted with the tunnel wall. The tunnel arch crown detection device prevents the geological radar from being held manually by hands for detection through the additionally-arranged extension mechanism, improves the safety and stability in detection, and is suitable for tunnel detection.

An apparatus (100) comprising:—a process tunnel (102) including a lower tunnel wall (120), an upper tunnel wall (130), and two lateral tunnel walls (108), wherein said tunnel walls together bound a process tunnel space (104) that extends in a transport direction (T);—a plurality of gas injection channels (122, 132), provided in both the lower and the upper tunnel wall, wherein the gas injection channels in the lower tunnel wall are configured to provide a lower gas bearing (124), while the gas injection channels in the upper tunnel wall are configured to provide an upper gas bearing (134), said gas bearings being configured to floatingly support and accommodate said substrate there between; and—a plurality of gas exhaust channels (110), provided in both said lateral tunnel walls (108), wherein the gas exhaust channels in each lateral tunnel wall are spaced apart in the transport direction.

The invention discloses a construction technique of a pit tangent system in a pit, which includes the following steps of: taking measurement and calculating the intensity, the rigidity, the friction force and the subsidence factor of the tangent system - leveling of ground and measuring paying off - spreading a sand cushion and stow-wood - building a cutting edge and a brickwork base - making and erecting the tangent system - extracting the stow-wood - subsidising excavation to the design depth - injecting a concrete cushion - constructing on the tunnel wall of structural concrete; the tangent system is made and erected by adopting an open caisson. The construction technique has small construction occupying area, the operating space is not influenced by the surrounding environment, and the construction speed is high so as to ensure the soil body at the periphery not to be disturbed, the bearing capacity of the soil body not to be affected and the consumption of templates to be saved; furthermore, the structure has the characteristics of strong integrity, strong rigidity, high bearing capacity, and reducing the influence of the pit construction in the pit on the stability and the deformation of the retaining and protecting for foundation excavation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and discloses a tunnel detection method based on binocular vision. The method comprises the following steps: (1) inputting a high temperature alarm threshold temperature, and building infrared thermal image and visible light data models of a normal wall without water leakage; (2) shooting an infrared thermogram and a visible light thermogram of a tunnel wall; (3) determinining whether there is a high temperature region through temperature statistics of the infrared thermogram, and giving an alarm for high temperature; (4)reducing noise and extracting water leakage regions in the infrared thermogram and in the visible light thermogram; (5) synthesizing the water leakage region extraction maps of the infrared thermogramand the visible light thermogram as a final water leakage region extraction map; and (6) calculating the water leakage area according to the water leakage region extraction map. The method uses a binocular vision technology based on an infrared thermal imaging technology and a visible light imaging technology, and can combine the advantages of the infrared thermal imaging technology and the visible light imaging technology to achieve a better water leakage region extraction effect.

The present invention refers to a device for electron beam irradiation of at least a first side of a web, the device comprising a tunnel through which the web is adapted to pass, said tunnel being provided with a web inlet portion, a web outlet portion and a central portion adapted to receive at least a first electron beam emitter provided with an electron exit window through which electrons are adapted to be emitted into the tunnel. The tunnel is being angled at at least two locations in each of the inlet portion and the outlet portion in such a way that any X-ray formed during the electron beam irradiation of the web is forced to hit the tunnel wall at least twice before exiting the tunnel.

The invention provides a grouting treatment method for a broken water-rich section of a diversion tunnel in a karst area. The method includes the following steps: S1) conducting geological explorationon the broken water-rich section of surrounding rock with water inrush to determine a major runoff path of fissure water and / or groundwater; S2) drilling a drainage hole from a tunnel wall of the broken water-rich section of the surrounding rock to the runoff direction of the fissure water and / or the groundwater in the surrounding rock for drainage of the fissure water and / or the groundwater; S3)drilling grouting holes at preset distance along the radial and circumferential directions of the tunnel wall of the broken water-rick section of the surrounding rock and inserting a grouting pipe into each grouting hole; S4) injecting grouting liquid into the surrounding rock through the drainage hole and the grouting pipes to form a water stop curtain circumferentially in the surrounding rock of the tunnel wall. According to the method, a better grouting treatment effect is achieved, the engineering safety is ensured, and the groundwater resource pollution is reduced.

The invention provides a rectangular tunnel wireless propagation channel modelling method for a statistical channel model for a tunnel V2V scattering environment. A uniform linear antenna array is provided for each of a mobile transmitter and a receiver; supposing that scatters are freely distributed on a tunnel wall, and the transmitter and the receiver are located in mobile state; LOS and NLOS scattering conditions are considered in a rectangular tunnel scattering region; a 3D tunnel geometric model is analyzed to obtain a space-time frequency mutual-correlation function, a time self-correlation function and a frequency correlation function. For verifying the rationality and feasibility of the model, the theoretical parameter and a reference model are contrasted, a result shows that thetime self-correlation function and the frequency correlation function of the model conform to a reference channel model. And meanwhile, the influence on the Doppler power spectrum density and the MIMOchannel capacity by the model parameters is researched. By computing the statistical feature parameters of the rectangular channel, the tunnel V2V communication system performance is improved.