195 results about "Ground layer" patented technology

The invention provides a K-band broadband dual circularly polarized antenna applied to the satellite internet, and belongs to the field of circularly polarized antennae, the K-band broadband dual circularly polarized antenna comprises a radiation unit, a first dielectric layer, a metal ground layer, a bonding layer, a second dielectric layer and a feed network which are stacked from top to bottom, the radiation unit comprises two first radiation patches and two second radiation patches, the first radiation patch is provided with two long rectangular grooves which are vertically intersected, the second radiation patch is provided with two short rectangular grooves which are vertically not intersected, the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch are respectively connected to the metal ground layer through metal columns, and the metal ground layer is provided with a first coupling gap and a second coupling gap. A first rectangular groove, a second rectangular groove, a third rectangular groove and a fourth rectangular groove are formed in the metal ground layer, and the feeder network comprises a first microstrip feeder and a second microstrip feeder; the antenna structure is low in profile, wide impedance bandwidth can be achieved, and the two feed ports can work in the same frequency range.

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial influence weather, and discloses an artificial rain and snow enhancement effect evaluation method based on a layer-by-layer iteration mode, and the method comprises the steps: determining a catalyst diffusion track and an affected region through employing a high-resolution numerical mode, the airplane observation data comprises the background ice crystal number concentration of the affected area and the ice crystal number concentration under the condition that the catalyst is used; reading the ice crystal number concentration of the sowing layer from the observation data, and calculating the correlation between the L0 ice crystal number concentration of the sowing layer and the L1 radar reflectivity factor of the first layer; calculating correlation coefficients of radar reflectivity factors between every two adjacent layers from the sowing layer to the ground layer by layer; a high-resolution numerical mode is adopted to simulate diffusion of a catalyst, the ice crystal number concentration of an affected area in airplane observation data is read and substituted into the relational expression, radar reflectivity factors of all layers are calculated layer by layer in an iterative mode, and the precipitation rate is calculated according to the radar reflectivity factors of all layers; and calculating the rainfall rate under the background ice crystal number concentration, comparing, and quantitatively evaluating the artificial rain and snow increasing effect.

To provide a basin area member which has high hydrophilic nature, matte appearance and can suppress slipperiness.SOLUTION: A basin area member comprises: a substrate; and a coating layer covering the substrate. The coating layer has: a ground layer provided on a surface of the substrate; and a surface layer provided on a part of a surface of the ground layer. The coating layer has: a first area where the ground layer is covered with the surface layer; and a second area where the ground layer is not covered with the surface layer. The surface layer includes: a coating film formed of a cured object of a hydrophilic coating in the first area; and an aggregate formed by aggregation of multiple particles in the coating film. The aggregate has parts where two or more particles overlap in a lamination direction. A ratio of an area of the second area to a total of areas of the first area and second area in viewing along the lamination direction is 1.6% or more and 50% or less in the basin area member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

An antenna is provided that includes a dielectric-filled cavity having a bottom surface, a top surface, and a rectangular perimeter. A round metal layer faces the bottom surface whereas a resonator metal layer faces the top surface. A plurality of metallic vias is arranged about the rectangular perimeter to couple a perimeter of resonator layer to the ground layer. An opening divides the resonator layer into a first pair of resonators and into a second pair of resonators. Within each pair of resonators, one resonator is configured for operation according to a first linear polarization whereas a second resonator is configured for operation according to a second linear polarization that is orthogonal to the first linear polarization.

A radar traffic sign apparatus is provided comprising an electronic or a motorized radar traffic sign. The electronic sign has at least one metasurface to shape complex configurations such as plane and / or corner reflectors. Each metasurface has a top layer of PCB board for controllable elements, a ground layer, and biasing means comprising diodes or switches. The state of the sign can be changed by the elements attached to the top layer. A bias voltage applied at the biasing means causes states of at least one element to change, and an operation mode of the metasurface to switch. The motorized sign may include multiple planes to shape a specific corner reflector with proper RCS. The direction or opening of a motorized sign can be controlled. The radar traffic sign has an ON mode to reflect the radar signal, and an OFF mode where the radar signal is not reflected.

The invention discloses a reconfigurable antenna based on liquid metal and a polarization reconfiguration method. The reconfigurable antenna comprises a patch layer (1), a first transparent substrate (2), a first foam layer (3), a first ground layer (4), a second transparent substrate (5), a second foam layer (6), a third transparent substrate (7) and a second ground layer (8) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. A first groove is formed in the lower surface of the first foam layer (3), and an LED module (9) is embedded in the first groove; a second groove is formed in the upper surface of the second foam layer (6), and a PD module (10) is embedded in the second groove; a microfluid channel (11) is fixed to the upper surface of the second transparent substrate (5), one end of the microfluid channel is connected with a pump through a pipeline, the other end of the microfluid channel is connected with a liquid metal container through a pipeline, and flowing of liquid metal is controlled through the pump.

The invention relates to the technical field of physical logging, and provides a complex pore structure reservoir fluid identification method based on a dynamic resistivity lower limit, which comprises the following steps: obtaining experimental data of each core sample: irreducible water saturation and values of rock electrical parameters m and n; respectively establishing models of irreducible water saturation, m and n changing along with the pore structure; the formation water resistivity at the formation temperature T is calculated according to the formation water mineralization degree, and then the water saturation and the resistivity lower limit value dynamically changing along with the pore structure are obtained according to the formation water resistivity; obtaining a multi-dimensional fluid identification chart of the irreducible water saturation, the water saturation and the resistivity lower limit value dynamically changing along with the pore structure; the actual porosity, the actual permeability and the actual resistivity of the stratum are measured, measured data are projected to the multi-dimensional fluid identification chart, and the actual irreducible water saturation and the actual water saturation are obtained. The method solves the problems that the fluid property of the reservoir with the complex pore structure is difficult to quickly identify and the accuracy is low.

To provide an optical element that has a fine rugged structure with high stability.SOLUTION: An optical element (100) has a substrate (1), a ground layer (22) formed on the substrate, and a plurality of structures (21) including at least either one of concave elements or convex elements. The ground layer is arranged in a first area in a first ring zone and is not arranged in a second area in the first ring zone. The plurality of structures includes a plurality of first structures (215) arranged on the ground layer in the first area, and a plurality of second structures (216) arranged on the substrate in the second area. The plurality of first structures is different in width from each other. The plurality of second structures is different in width from each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

According to various embodiments, an electronic apparatus may comprise: a housing including a front cover, a rear cover facing a direction opposite a direction of the front cover, and a side frame surrounding a space between the front cover and the rear cover; and a distance detection sensor module configured to detect a distance to an external object through the front cover from inside the space, wherein the distance detection sensor module may include: a substrate including a light emitting unit, a light receiving unit, a control circuit, and a ground layer; a module housing disposed on the substrate; a first shield can disposed in the module housing and electrically connected to the ground layer of the substrate; and a second shield can surrounding at least a portion of the light emitting unit disposed in the first shield can and exposed through the first shield can, and in contact with at least a portion of the first shield can.

The millimeter wave dual-frequency broadband 1-bit electric scanning reflection unit comprises a surface metal structure, a dielectric core plate layer and a back metal ground layer which are stacked from top to bottom, the surface metal structure comprises a main radiation patch, a radio frequency switch and a parasitic patch, the main radiation patch is connected with the back metal ground layer through a metalized through hole, and the parasitic patch is coupled with the main radiation patch through an interdigital structure; the electric scanning reflection unit realizes phase switching of response polarization by controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch, and the working frequency at least covers two millimeter wave typical frequencies. According to the invention, a wider frequency band is covered under the condition that the surface topological structure is kept unchanged. Through the improvement of the invention, the limitation of the narrow band of the traditional electric scanning unit is overcome, and more design schemes are provided for the electric scanning metasurface unit.

A microstrip antenna (10), comprising: a metal ground layer (1), a first dielectric substrate (2) located on one side of the metal ground layer (1), a microstrip line (3) located on the side of the first dielectric substrate (2) facing away from the metal ground layer (1), a second dielectric substrate (4) located on the side of the microstrip line (3) facing away from the metal ground layer (1), a radiation patch (5) located on the side of the second dielectric substrate (4) facing away from the metal ground layer (1) and connected to the metal ground layer (1), a support layer (6) located on the side of the radiation patch (5) facing away from the metal ground layer (1), and a parasitic patch (7) supported on the side of the support layer (6) facing away from the metal ground layer (1). In embodiments of the present disclosure, the parasitic patch (7) and the metal ground layer (1) are provided on two sides of the radiation patch (5), so as to effectively increase the radiation area of the microstrip antenna (10), thereby increasing the gain, and reducing the power consumption of the microstrip antenna (10) while expanding a signal coverage range.

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial electromagnetic materials, and discloses an electric control-based phase coding metasurface structure, which comprises a top unit structure layer, a first dielectric substrate layer, a middle ground layer, a second dielectric substrate layer and a bottom bias layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and is characterized in that the top unit structure layer comprises two C-shaped metal patches; openings of the two metal patches are arranged back to back, a PIN diode is connected between the two metal patches, each metal patch is connected with the bottom bias layer through a metal via hole, and the bottom bias layer is externally connected with a voltage source. The electromagnetic response of the metasurface unit can be quickly and conveniently changed by adopting an electric control mode, the problem that once a traditional metasurface is designed and manufactured, the electromagnetic wave response and the electromagnetic function of the traditional metasurface are solidified, and the requirement of a complex electromagnetic system cannot be met is solved, a new thought is provided for intelligent metasurface design, and the intelligent metasurface can be widely applied to the field of intelligent metasurface design. And the requirement of intelligent components on high integration level in practice is met.

The utility model discloses a guide drilling tool for horizontal directional drilling pipe laying construction, which comprises a drill rod, a probe chamber and a replaceable drilling tool which are connected in sequence, and during complex stratum construction, a guide drill bit at the front end of the probe chamber can be quickly replaced by a drill bit suitable for different geological conditions for drilling operation through a second connecting sleeve. Or the reamer is replaced for reverse reaming operation. According to the utility model, the drill bit is quickly and conveniently detached; besides, during reverse reaming operation, due to the fact that the probe chamber is reserved, when the drill bit or the reamer is clamped by debris such as broken stones and metal pieces in the ground layer, the accurate clamping position of the drill bit or the reamer can be obtained by means of a detection signal sent by the probe in the probe chamber, accurate basis is provided for troubleshooting treatment, and construction efficiency is improved.

The invention provides an ultra-wideband antenna structure. The ultra-wideband antenna structure comprises a plurality of first antenna layers, a plurality of second antenna layers and a ground layer, each first antenna layer and each second antenna layer are formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of antenna units at intervals; the first antenna layer and the second antenna layer are vertically arranged to form a square array, and a gap between the antenna units of the first antenna layer is inserted into a gap between the antenna units of the corresponding second antenna layer; the ground layer is made of a flexible material; the first antenna layer and the second antenna layer are fixedly arranged on the ground layer; the sides, facing the ground layer, of the adjacent antenna units are connected through the flexible connecting pieces, the ground layer made of flexible materials is adopted to fit the installation face, meanwhile, gaps exist between the adjacent antenna units of the first antenna layer and the second antenna layer, and when the ground layer bends, the shape of the ground layer is fitted, so that the installation face is more flexible. And the conformal installation capability of the ultra-wideband antenna structure provided by the invention during installation is greatly improved.

The application relates to the technical field of heat dissipation, and discloses a communication base station ground cooling heat dissipation system which comprises a rustproof metal tank, a base station box, a heat absorption assembly and a flow guide assembly. The rustproof metal tank is pre-buried underground to absorb and cool the heat in the cooling liquid, and refrigerant and a compressor are not needed for cooling, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the pollution of the refrigerant to the environment is reduced. The heat can be transferred along the direction of the fan-shaped surface where the liquid storage bins are arranged, the soil layer temperature in the remaining directions does not change too much, and then the circulation heat conduction of the multiple groups of liquid storage bins is realized, the rustproof metal tank is sequentially cooled in different fan-shaped surfaces, so that the local ground layer temperature around the rustproof metal tank is prevented from being too high, and the ground cooling heat dissipation effect of the equipment is affected.

The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic runways, and discloses a permeable plastic runway which comprises a foundation layer and a drainage channel, a concrete layer is arranged on the top of the foundation layer, a drainage layer is arranged on the top of the concrete layer, a polyurethane surface layer is arranged on the top of the drainage layer, and a waterproof layer is arranged on the top of the polyurethane surface layer. And a surface particle layer is arranged at the top of the polyurethane surface layer, the outer surfaces of the two winding shafts are fixedly sleeved with winding wheels, winding ropes are wound around the outer surfaces of the winding wheels, and the other ends of the winding ropes are fixedly connected with a bearing box. Accumulated water enters a drainage layer through a drainage seam and a permeable layer and is drained into a drainage channel in a cavity, the situation that the service life of the plastic runway is affected due to accumulation of the accumulated water on the plastic runway is avoided, sundries are collected through a receiving box, and by arranging a winding shaft, a winding wheel and a winding rope in cooperation with a crank, a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, the service life of the plastic runway is prolonged. And the receiving box is put away, and impurities in the receiving box are cleaned.

An electronic package includes a carrier and electronic components and a heat sink disposed on the carrier. The carrier has a ground layer exposed on the side of the carrier and the ground layer is in direct contact with the heat sink to dissipate heat from the carrier and provide shielding space for the electronic components.

The invention provides a multi-scale round-square nested fractal antenna applied to wings of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The multi-scale round-square nested fractal antenna comprises a substrate, the grounding layer is arranged on the lower surface of the substrate; the feed structure is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the substrate and comprises an input feed line, a micro-strip transmission line and a chip resistor connected with the input end of the feed line and the micro-strip transmission line; the radiation structure is arranged at one end, far away from the feed structure, of the upper surface of the substrate and comprises a radiation patch; the transmission structure is arranged on the upper surface of the substrate, is used for connecting the feed structure and the radiation structure, and comprises an impedance transition transmission line; the microstrip transmission line is of a geometric gradual change type, the radiation patch is of a multi-scale fractal topology formed by nesting circular contours and square contours, the circular contours and the square contours are sequentially arranged in a nesting mode according to preset intervals and form multi-stage self-similar boundaries, the impedance transition transmission line is in a periodical bending shape, and the line widths of all the parts are consistent. The fractal antenna solves the problem that in the prior art, a fractal antenna which is compact in structure, high in radiation efficiency and suitable for wing embedded installation does not exist.

This application discloses a wide-beam cavity antenna element and its phased array antenna. The cavity antenna element includes a first radiating patch, a first dielectric layer, a second radiating patch, an adhesive layer, a second dielectric layer, and a metal ground layer arranged sequentially. The first radiating patch has a first chamfer on each diagonal and a first U-shaped slot in its center. The second radiating patch has a second chamfer on each diagonal and a second U-shaped slot in its center. This application adopts a dual-radiating patch structure, with the first and second radiating patches located in different dielectric layers, effectively expanding the antenna bandwidth and improving radiation efficiency. The double-layer square microstrip patch design is compact and facilitates miniaturization and integration. The first radiating patch incorporates the first chamfer and the first U-shaped slot, while the second radiating patch incorporates the second chamfer and the second U-shaped slot, increasing the current path and transforming the original single resonant point into three resonant points within the frequency band, significantly widening the antenna's impedance bandwidth.

The invention discloses a compact dual-frequency patch antenna based on a decoupling structure shaped like a Chinese character'tu ', which comprises a top metal layer, a dielectric substrate, a metal ground layer and a coaxial probe feed structure, and a decoupling structure shaped like a Chinese character'tu ', which is formed by symmetrically arranging four metal strips along the horizontal direction, is arranged between the two patches. The antenna can synchronously work at double frequency bands of 3.39 GHz and 5.45 GHz, an electromagnetic weak field area is formed at the position of the feed probe through the decoupling structure shaped like the Chinese character'tu 'to block coupling, and meanwhile, a radiation pattern is corrected by means of a symmetrical structure. The antenna has the advantages of being low in profile, compact in structure, good in dual-frequency decoupling effect and stable in radiation pattern, the integration degree of the dual-frequency antenna array can be improved, and the antenna is suitable for a wireless communication system.

The utility model discloses a telescopic fire hydrant device, and relates to the technical field of fire hydrants. Comprising a ground layer, a placement groove is formed in the ground layer, a fixing pipe is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the placement groove, a lifting screw driven by a worm and gear mechanism is connected to an inner cavity of the fixing pipe in a liftable mode, a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting screw, a bolt body is installed on the lifting plate, and a protruding block is fixedly connected to the top of the bolt body; a cover body capable of covering the containing groove is arranged on the ground layer, and a groove matched with the protruding block is formed in the bottom of the cover body. According to the telescopic fire hydrant device, the hydrant body is arranged in the containing groove, through cooperation of the lifting screw rod, the fixing pipe and the worm and gear mechanism, the hydrant body can be lifted out of the containing groove, and in the process of lifting the hydrant body, the hydrant body can jack up the cover body.

The utility model discloses an outdoor grain drying device, and belongs to the technical field of grain drying equipment. The outdoor grain drying device comprises a drying tower, a shell, a platform structure and a first shielding piece, the drying tower is arranged in the shell, the shell is installed on a ground hardened layer, the platform structure is arranged at the top end of the shell, the first shielding piece is installed on the platform structure, and the first shielding piece extends towards the side of the platform structure by a preset distance. According to the utility model, the drying tower is arranged in the shell, and the shell is directly arranged on the ground hardening layer, so that the drying device can be directly arranged outdoors to dry grains, the space utilization rate of the drying device is improved, and the problem of low space utilization rate of the drying device in the prior art is solved.

This utility model discloses a limiting manhole ring for anti-settlement manhole covers, including a base layer, a ground layer, and a limiting mechanism. The ground layer is laid on top of the base layer, and the limiting mechanism is set inside the base layer and the ground layer. The limiting mechanism includes a well hole, an insertion hole, a support ring, a reinforcing bar, a concrete manhole ring, and a ring-shaped reinforcing bar. The well hole is opened inside the base layer, and the top of the well hole penetrates the ground layer. The insertion hole is opened vertically on the outer periphery of the well hole inside the ground layer, and the bottom of the insertion hole extends into the base layer. When the manhole ring and the manhole cover are under pressure, the pressure at the pressure point can be dispersed and transmitted to the interior of the base layer because the position of the support ring is fixed. At the same time, because the reinforcing bar is embedded in the concrete, its position is fixed, and the support ring will not tilt or settle, thereby improving the stability of the concrete manhole ring. It can still avoid settlement problems after long-term pressure and maintain the smoothness of the road surface.

Provided is an electromagnetic wave reflection panel that reflects both horizontally polarized waves and vertically polarized waves in a controlled direction.　The electromagnetic wave reflection panel includes a dielectric layer, a conductive pattern provided on one surface of the dielectric layer, and a ground layer provided on the other surface of the dielectric layer. The conductive pattern is formed of a periodic array of square hollow patterns, reflects electromagnetic waves in a predetermined band selected from 1 MHz to 300 GHz inclusive, and has a projecting portion projecting outward from at least a part of a corner portion of the hollow pattern.

The application belongs to the technical field of antennas and relates to a cross-dipole antenna which comprises a metasurface layer, a radiation layer and a ground layer; the metasurface layer is connected with the ground layer and forms a containing space between the metasurface layer and the ground layer; the radiation layer is arranged in the containing space, is connected with the ground layer and is arranged in a spaced mode with the metasurface layer; the radiation layer comprises two pairs of cross-dipoles; two feeding structures are arranged on the ground layer and are connected with the two pairs of cross-dipoles respectively; the radiation layer comprises a dielectric plate and four radiation patches which are arranged in a spaced center-symmetrical mode about the center of the dielectric plate; the dielectric plate and the radiation patches are square structures, one side of the radiation patch is parallel to one side of the dielectric plate; two radiation patches are adjacently arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate, and the other two radiation patches are adjacently arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate; two opposite radiation patches are connected to serve as a dipole. The application can reduce the profile of the antenna.

The application discloses a reflection wave-absorbing body with a wide-range controllable reflection frequency band, which comprises a lossy layer, a first dielectric layer, an air layer, a non-lossy layer, a second dielectric layer and a ground layer arranged from top to bottom; the lossy layer is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer, the air layer is between the first dielectric layer and the non-lossy layer, the non-lossy layer is located on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer, and the ground layer is located on the lower surface of the second dielectric layer. The reflection frequency band of the application has a certain bandwidth, and the wide-range control of the reflection frequency band can be realized by controlling the length of a C groove in the lossy layer and the length of a Jerusalem cross structure in the non-lossy layer, so that the application flexibility is obviously improved.

The application discloses a design method of a label antenna, which comprises sequentially arranging an upper radiation layer, a middle medium layer and a lower ground layer; at least one annular groove is formed on the upper radiation layer; an opening is formed on the annular groove to place a chip, and the annular groove is connected with the chip to form a first inductance loop; double ground columns are arranged below each annular groove between the upper radiation layer and the lower ground layer, and the double ground columns form a second inductance loop corresponding to the first inductance loop with the chip; the size of the annular groove is determined according to the capacitive reactance of a label antenna to be designed; the interval distance of the double ground columns is determined according to the inductive reactance of the label antenna to be designed; the size of the annular groove and the distance of the double ground columns are matched to achieve the best conjugate matching of the chip on each annular groove. The label antenna designed by the design method has the following advantages: first, the ground participates in radiation; second, the double inductance loops collect energy. The sensitivity of the label antenna is greatly improved by the double enhancement.

The present invention discloses a method for controlling the surface flatness of an LTCC substrate, which relates to the technical field of LTCC substrate processing. The method comprises: obtaining structural information of a signal layer, a power layer, and a ground layer superimposed within a target LTCC substrate to be sintered; determining K initial channel flow rates and K initial airflow directions; obtaining an array sequence of multi-point temperature timing monitoring values; obtaining K adjustment channel flow rates and K adjustment airflow directions; and after the target LTCC substrate cools, obtaining the target LTCC substrate and surface flatness detection results, performing feedback adjustment based on the surface flatness detection results, and sintering the target LTCC substrate again. The present invention solves the technical problem in the prior art of lacking in-depth analysis of the operating conditions within the sintering furnace, resulting in an inability to adaptively adjust the airflow, which reduces the reliability of the substrate surface flatness. The method achieves the technical effect of dynamically adjusting the airflow within the sintering furnace and improving the substrate surface flatness.

The present invention aims to provide a technique for improving a non-defective product rate. One of typical reflectarrays of the present invention is a reflectarray including at least a layer of element patterns, a dielectric layer, and a ground layer laminated in this order, wherein the reflectarray includes at least one reflection control areal; the reflection control area includes at least two unit cells; one element pattern is arranged on each unit cell; the element pattern includes a cross-patch in which two rectangular patches are orthogonal to each other in an xy plane; and in the reflection control area, a first element width wx which is a width of the element pattern in an x axis direction or / and a second element width wy which is a width of the element pattern in a y axis direction is / are different between the element patterns arranged in the respective at least two unit cells.