319 results about "Geophone" patented technology

The invention discloses a tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive elastic modulus testing method and system based on a surface wave method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock elastic model testing, and the method comprises the steps: collecting surface wave signals through detectors in a plurality of detection holes preset in a tunnel wall on the premise of exciting a seismic source signal; performing signal conversion on each preprocessed surface wave signal to obtain a plurality of first signals of a frequency domain type; performing smooth summation processing on the first signals subjected to the linear dynamic correction processing to obtain an output result; obtaining corresponding surface wave energy data through the output result, and obtaining a corresponding surface wave frequency dispersion curve based on extraction of the surface wave energy data; according to the surface wave dispersion curve, surface wave velocities of different depths in the surrounding rock are obtained through inversion, and the comprehensive elastic modulus of the tunnel surrounding rock is obtained through calculation based on the surface wave velocities; testing is carried out based on a surface wave method, drilling and coring are not needed, and the method has the advantages of high testing efficiency, low cost, small disturbance to surrounding rock and the like.

The invention discloses an electric spark source multi-wave micro-logging system and method, and relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to an electric spark source multi-wave micro-logging system which comprises a cable, a transverse wave converter, a seismic recorder, an electric spark source, a first three-component detector, a second three-component detector and a longitudinal and transverse wave data processing system. An electric spark electrode column is longitudinally arranged in an inner cavity of the transverse wave converter; after being started, the electric spark source discharges through an electric spark electrode column, water molecules at the position where the electric spark electrode column is located are electrolyzed to generate gas through discharging of the electric spark electrode column, the gas impacts a stratum to generate seismic waves, and a first three-component detector and a second three-component detector receive and record seismic wave signals and transmit the seismic wave signals to a longitudinal and transverse wave data processing system; the depth of the transverse wave converter and the depth of the electric spark electrode column are increased by pulling the mooring rope, so that the electric spark electrode column can excite a seismic source at a plurality of observation points, and the purpose of exciting the seismic source for multiple times is achieved.

The invention discloses a viscoelastic wave reverse time migration imaging method based on finite difference algorithm solution, and the method comprises the steps: S1, combining with the complex modulus of a constant Q model, and deriving a viscoelastic wave attenuation equation suitable for finite difference algorithm solution through introducing weighting function approximation; s2, establishing a viscoelastic wave compensation equation by introducing a compensation item for compensating energy attenuation when seismic waves are propagated in a viscoelastic medium, and combining the wave field compensation item with low-pass filtering for calculation to realize stable compensation of a wave field; s3, performing longitudinal and transverse wave field separation on the seismic source wave field and the detector wave field; s4, applying a seismic source normalization cross-correlation imaging condition to the separated wave field to obtain an attenuation compensation reverse time migration imaging result; and S5, setting a seismic wave excitation source and a signal receiving device for wave field data acquisition. The method provided by the invention can effectively improve the precision and resolution of seismic imaging in the viscous medium.

The invention provides a crack prediction method and device based on seismic data, and the method comprises the steps: dividing the seismic data into a plurality of fan-shaped regions according to a shot point and a detector azimuth angle, and determining an azimuth domain common imaging gather of a converted wave in each fan-shaped region; carrying out fast and slow shear wave separation on the orientation domain common imaging gather, and determining a fast shear wave gather, a slow shear wave gather and an included angle between the crack trend in each stratum crack and the main measuring line direction of the detector; according to the fast transverse wave gather and the slow transverse wave gather, the development direction of the crack of the target stratum is determined; converting the azimuth domain common imaging gathers corresponding to the fast transverse waves and the slow transverse waves into snail gathers according to the azimuth and offset of the fan-shaped region, and correcting the time difference of each gather in the snail gathers; and determining the density of the crack based on the time difference, and determining the development index of the crack according to the density.

The invention provides a phase change blasting excitation seismic wave reflection method, a medium, equipment and a product, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, the method comprises the following steps: arranging a detection hole and a plurality of blasting holes in a tunnel face, placing blasting tubes in the blasting holes, placing detectors in the detection hole, and generating seismic waves through phase change blasting; carrying out longitudinal wave and transverse wave separation on seismic wave signals detected by a detector, processing longitudinal waves and transverse waves by adopting a two-dimensional F-K digital filtering method, filtering interference waves, separating effective waves and direct waves, and dividing a data set of the effective waves into a training set and a test set; building a prediction model of the unfavorable geological disaster body in front of the tunnel face based on a support vector machine, and obtaining optimal parameters of the model by using a particle swarm algorithm; and training and testing the model by using the training set and the test set, and applying the tested model to tunnel geological forecast. According to the method, the accuracy of advanced geological forecast of the gas tunnel is improved, and the gas explosion risk is reduced.

The invention discloses a three-component detector azimuth correction method, device and equipment based on multi-event fusion and probability weighting, a medium and a product, and relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration. The method comprises the following steps of: after acquiring at least two seismic signals recorded by a target three-component detector and generated by utilizing at least two active source events, acquiring a corresponding initial azimuth calibration angle for each active source event; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a calibration angle, distributing a corresponding weight for the calibration angle according to a signal quality index calculated based on a corresponding seismic signal, fusing all the calibration angles according to all the weights to obtain a final azimuth calibration angle, and finally performing coordinate rotation correction on original horizontal component data by using the final azimuth calibration angle. Therefore, by introducing a weighting mechanism based on signal quality, higher-precision and more reliable azimuth correction can be realized, the seismic data quality and the reliability of subsequent interpretation are improved, and practical application and popularization are facilitated.

The invention belongs to the technical field of pile foundation construction, and particularly relates to a scene sound analysis method for interaction of a pile and a karst cave in a construction process, which comprises the following steps of: step 1, high-precision karst cave form detection: arranging crossed measuring lines with the pile foundation as a center, the length of the measuring lines being more than or equal to 20m and the spacing being less than or equal to 1m, synchronously adopting a high-energy acceleration tamper and the impact energy being more than or equal to 50kJ, active source surface waves are excited, the impact frequency ranges from 2 Hz to 5 Hz, environment noise is collected to serve as passive source surface waves, a three-component detector array is used for receiving, and the sampling rate is larger than or equal to 500 Hz. According to the method for analyzing the interaction scene sound of the pile and the karst cave in the construction process, by setting the method for analyzing the interaction scene sound of the pile and the karst cave in the construction process, wave velocity changes in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and anomalies in high-speed and low-speed areas are analyzed, and the thickness of a covering layer and the burying depth of bed rock are deduced; the development depth, the scale and the space distribution condition of the monolith and the karst caves are determined.

The present application relates to geological exploration technical field, disclose a kind of thick loess plateau area coalfield 3D seismic exploration method, comprising the following steps: S101, artificial seismic source shooting record and superficial Rayleigh wave detector data are collected;S102, grid division is carried out to target area, and set to be inverted parameter;S103, vertical ray path time estimation, multilayer medium dispersion forward and poststack energy estimation are carried out;S104, according to first wave arrival time observation value, Rayleigh wave observation dispersion curve, theoretical ray path time, phase velocity and poststack energy generates multi-target error function;S105, target area is divided into three subdomains, differential evolution iteration is carried out, until local convergence;S106, establish a plurality of parallel annealing chain, set chain temperature and gradually decrease by chain, optimize to be inverted parameter, output optimal to be inverted parameter;S107, the static correction time difference and absorption compensation coefficient of each acquisition point are calculated.The present application improves coal seam structure imaging precision and exploration data reliability under complex surface conditions.

The invention provides a three-dimensional scattering imaging method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of seismic wave imaging, and the method comprises the steps: collecting seismic wave data through a three-component detector, carrying out the polarization analysis, obtaining the actual path data of scattered waves, constructing a common scattering point gather of each preset underground scattering point, and obtaining a common scattering point gather of each preset underground scattering point; when the common scattering point gather is constructed, the amplitude is adaptively weighted according to the consistency of theoretical path data and actual path data of a seismic trace, and then imaging is performed based on the common scattering point gather to obtain an imaging result including the underground scatterer. According to the method, by introducing path consistency weighting, the common scattering point gather quality and the imaging precision are remarkably improved.

This utility model belongs to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a downhole geophone for geophysical exploration. It includes a detection well and a connecting frame disposed on one side of the detection well. The connecting frame is connected to a connecting column via a connecting line. The connecting column is connected to the inner surface of the outer shell. Through the action of the outer shell, the support, and the guide wheels, this device can achieve stable transport and retrieval of the geophone, enabling stable geophone detection and ensuring it remains on the central axis of the detection well. This effectively guarantees the accuracy of the acquired data. In the event of borehole collapse, tension can be applied to the connecting column via the connecting line. Under the action of external resistance, the outer shell, in conjunction with the guide cylinder compression spring, and the lifting of the geophone, achieves the retrieval of the support, reducing resistance during retrieval and providing convenience for recovery.

A high-iron karst geological section comprehensive parameter fine automatic exploration system, including walking wheels, drill bit electrodes, drill bit detectors, drill bit magnetic excitation systems, electrode rotation systems, detector rotation systems, magnetic excitation rotation systems, liquid injection systems, control systems, multi-parameter interpretation systems, power systems, and wireless communication systems; the present application is based on the resistivity method and the wave velocity method, and can be used to explore any depth stratum that can be reached, independent of each other and mutually corroborating to reduce the karst geological multiple solutions, Rayleigh waves and electrical signals can transmit the most suitable signal type and strength according to the geological conditions at the set depth, which can realize the fine and automatic exploration of karst geology and improve the exploration efficiency. The present application also corrects the geological classification method in karst areas, and the corrected method can fully consider the development and particularity of karst, providing a method for the automation of high-iron geological exploration in karst areas and avoiding human errors.

The invention discloses a drill seismic source signal acquisition method and device, equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps: in an underground excitation process of an earthquake while drilling, respectively arranging a first seismic detector and a second seismic detector in a preset range of a drill bit and a preset range of a wellhead so as to obtain a corresponding first seismic wave reference signal and a corresponding second seismic wave reference signal; determining a seismic wavelet signal based on the first seismic wave reference signal and the second seismic wave reference signal, and generating a target seismic record by using the seismic wavelet signal and seismic wave data collected by a third seismic detector arranged on the earth surface; and processing the target seismic record by using a compressed sensing inversion technology to obtain a target drill seismic source signal. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the drill seismic source signal with high resolution and signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained.

The present application relates to a kind of shallow sea seabed node redirection method based on first arrival polarization characteristic constraint, medium and equipment, belong to geophysical exploration data processing technical field.The method includes the following steps: extracting common receiver gather from analog or field collected four-component seismic data, obtaining first arrival time and propagation azimuth, according to the energy distribution of first arrival time window, polarization characteristic and P, Z component correlation jointly constrained construction target function;Directional parameter solution and seabed node acquisition seismic data directional correction.In addition, the present application comprehensively utilizes the energy of first arrival wave, polarization characteristic and P, Z component correlation to carry out geophone redirection, can solve the application condition restriction, insufficient precision in the method of conventional only using direct wave to carry out redirection and the multi-solution problem existing in reflection wave energy method itself.

The embodiment of the invention provides a seismic acquisition data speed normalization method and system, and belongs to the technical field of seismic data processing. The method comprises the following steps: performing signal reduction normalization processing on acquired data, eliminating the influence of frequency spectrum shaping equipment, classifying according to the type of a detector, forming a corresponding seismic data set, eliminating the influence of gain, and converting the signal into a unified speed physical quantity; determining a deconvolution operator according to the detector frequency response and executing deconvolution processing; performing high-pass filtering and unified calibration on the processed data to obtain data with consistent dynamic response; and outputting a speed normalization result based on the data. According to the scheme, the problem of inconsistent response caused by the type difference of the detectors is effectively reduced, and the seismic data resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio under the combined acquisition condition of multiple types of detectors are improved.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of geological exploration equipment, and particularly relates to a positioning device for geophone consistency in seismic exploration, which comprises outer rulers and a rotary connecting assembly, a plurality of outer rulers are mounted on the outer side of the rotary connecting assembly at equal angles, and a first positioning plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of one end, close to the rotary connecting assembly, of each outer ruler. Positioning bolts are installed on the outer walls of the ends, away from the rotary connecting assemblies, of the outer rulers in a threaded mode, inner rulers are arranged in the outer rulers in a clamped and sliding mode, second positioning plates are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the ends, located outside the outer rulers, of the inner rulers, the second positioning plates and the first positioning plates are symmetrically arranged, and limiting assemblies are installed between every two adjacent outer rulers. According to the utility model, the distance between each detector and the central vertical shaft can be ensured to be consistent, test errors caused by the distance can be effectively reduced during knocking detection, and the accuracy of test data of the detectors is effectively improved.

A three-dimensional fiber grating seismic detector, a U-shaped mounting seat has a fiber fixed in the vertical direction of the inner side of one side wall, the fiber is in a suspended state, the fiber is engraved with a first grating and a second grating at a certain distance, a first hollow hexagonal beam, a second hollow hexagonal beam and a mass are sequentially arranged between the other side wall of the U-shaped mounting seat and the fiber, the mass is flush with the fiber on the side close to the fiber and is fixed between the first grating and the second grating through glue, and the center line of the second hollow hexagonal beam is orthogonal to the center line of the first hollow hexagonal beam. The two hollow hexagonal beams with orthogonal center lines can collect three-dimensional seismic information, the packaging mode of two gratings engraved on the same fiber is adopted, the sensitivity of the detector is effectively improved, the temperature compensation in the Z-axis direction is realized, and compared with common vibration sensors, the detection of three-dimensional vibration signals is realized through only two fiber gratings and a mass.

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for obtaining full-depth VTI anisotropic bodies, specifically including: acquiring the first arrival data recorded by the bottom-hole geophones of two microlobe logging systems in the local area, establishing a single-well microlobe logging isotropic velocity model, and obtaining near-surface anisotropic δ and ε values ​​through ray tracing, travel-time forward modeling, and inversion iterations; based on the surface seismic first arrival data and the single-well microlobe logging isotropic velocity model, tomographically retrieving the surface seismic tomographic velocity field before and after microlobe logging constraints and calculating the surface velocity difference, thereby obtaining the near-surface VTI anisotropic medium δ field; based on the correspondence between the near-surface anisotropic δ values ​​and the near-surface anisotropic ε values, using the near-surface VTI anisotropic medium δ field to obtain the near-surface VTI anisotropic medium ε field; finally obtaining the near-surface VTI anisotropic body. The velocity field, combined with the anisotropic field, improves the accuracy of velocity modeling, which is beneficial for improving imaging accuracy and imaging effects.

This application discloses a method, apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium for detecting the performance of a geophone, relating to the field of seismic exploration data acquisition technology. The method includes: acquiring shot gather data based on shot point data acquired by geophones at all geophone points; acquiring gather data for each geophone point from the shot gather data; the gather data is a collection of all shot point data acquired by the geophones at each geophone point; acquiring a frequency amplitude set corresponding to each geophone point based on each gather data; the frequency amplitude set includes the frequency and amplitude of all vibration waves acquired by the geophones at each geophone point within a preset time period; each shot point corresponds to one vibration wave; and acquiring the performance detection result of the geophone at each geophone point based on each frequency amplitude set, thereby achieving the evaluation of geophone performance. This eliminates the need for manual analysis of seismic exploration data, improving work efficiency and solving the problem of low work efficiency in prior art.

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine underground geophysical exploration, and provides a coal mine underground micro-seismic source and speed simultaneous inversion method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting micro-seismic original data through a micro-seismic detector and a seismograph; picking up the direct wave first arrival travel time t real in the micro-seismic record; assuming an initial speed model and a seismic source position, and carrying out travel time forward modeling and ray path forward modeling to obtain theoretical travel time t < theoretical k > and a Fresnel body ray path; constructing a travel time residual term and a nonlinear objective function of a regularization constraint term based on travel time data, a speed model and a seismic source position; and solving a corresponding normal equation, inverting a speed model and a seismic source position, and outputting a final result through iterative convergence. According to the method, the coupling relation between the speed model and the seismic source position is utilized, and the joint objective function is directly optimized through inversion, so that the detection precision of the underground coal mine speed model and the seismic source position is improved.

The invention provides an earthquake monitoring device with an early warning function, and relates to the technical field of earthquake monitoring. The top of the transmission connector is connected with a data acquisition early warning station on the ground through a wire, the bottom of the transmission connector is connected with a seismic detector, and the seismic detector is located at the depth of 50-150 meters underground. The transmission connector is sleeved with a rotating sleeve and a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is located at the top of the rotating sleeve, and the rotating sleeve is connected with the geophone. The connecting part of the protective upper cap and the transmission connector is sealed through the small sealing ring, and the connecting part of the protective upper cap and the protective lower shell is sealed through the large sealing ring, so that corrosion caused by groundwater vapor is effectively prevented, and the service life of the geophone is prolonged. The problems that in practical application of an existing earthquake early warning and monitoring device, effective sealing waterproof protection design is lacked, and when the device is in an underground humid and corrosive environment for a long time, internal elements of the device are prone to being affected with damp or eroded by corrosive substances to break down are solved.

This application discloses a method for deploying a three-dimensional observation system, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium. The method includes: acquiring the geophone parameters and shot point parameters corresponding to the unit template; constructing a target geophone set based on the geophone parameters; the target geophone set including the coordinates of each geophone; constructing rolling parameters and work area deployment boundaries; performing geophone rolling filling based on the target geophone set, work area deployment boundaries, and rolling parameters to obtain the latest geophone set; performing shot point filling based on the latest geophone set and shot point parameters to obtain a shot point set, and calculating the shot point relationship arrangement; and performing deployment verification based on the latest geophone set, shot point set, and relationship arrangement to obtain the three-dimensional observation system. This method improves the deployment efficiency of the three-dimensional observation system, and the deployment results are regular, facilitating construction.

The application provides a self-powered seismic detector based on triboelectricity and magnetoelectricity and a manufacturing method thereof. The detector comprises a triboelectricity sensitive unit and a magnetoelectricity sensitive unit which are combined with each other. The triboelectricity sensitive unit comprises an N-type magnet mass, a copper Z-shaped spring base, a PDMS friction pad and a signal lead-out wire. The signal lead-out wire is connected with a wireless data acquisition and conditioning circuit module. A power supply lead-out wire is connected with a power management module. The power management module is connected with the wireless data acquisition and conditioning circuit module. The self-powered cable-free seismic detector based on triboelectricity and magnetoelectricity obtained by using the manufacturing method has the advantages of simple and stable structure, light mass, strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, high sensitivity, self-power supply and no need of external connecting cable. The detector is convenient for arrangement of field workers of seismic exploration and long-term data acquisition.

The application discloses a kind of lining demolition operation in geological anomalous body detection method and signal processing method, first, by being arranged in the lining inside and the cutting route parallel two detection lines in multiple detectors, vibration signal between cutting disc and concrete lining in the lining cutting operation process is acquired in real time, and vibration signal obtained in real time is handled.Then, the vibration signal after processing is carried out two-dimensional fast Fourier transform, and the frequency-wave number spectrum corresponding to vibration signal is obtained.Afterwards, dispersion curve and reflected wave signal are extracted from the frequency-wave number spectrum.Finally, dispersion curve is carried out interference wave inversion, and the shear wave velocity spectrum inside the geological body behind lining is obtained, and reflected wave signal is inverted and imaged, and the reflected interface image inside the geological body behind lining is obtained.Combining reflected interface image and shear wave velocity spectrum can accurately locate the anomaly of the geological body behind lining, and effectively detect the geological body anomaly behind existing lining.

The invention provides a roadbed compaction quality real-time evaluation method and system for multi-domain signal processing, and relates to the technical field of roadbed compaction detection, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a vibration wheel acceleration signal, a roadbed vibration signal and a noise signal; obtaining a vibration wheel excitation signal according to the vibration wheel acceleration signal and the noise signal; according to the vibration wheel excitation signal and the roadbed vibration signal after noise reduction, obtaining a wave velocity dispersion characteristic and an attenuation coefficient; obtaining an energy-compactness quantitative relation according to the wave velocity dispersion characteristic and the attenuation coefficient; generating a depth feature vector according to a wave velocity dispersion characteristic and an energy-compactness quantitative relation; and outputting a real-time compaction degree evaluation result according to the depth feature vector. According to the invention, three-dimensional space global continuous sensing of a vibration wave field is realized through the hexagonal geophone array; a time-frequency-space three-domain cascade noise reduction framework is combined, so that the purity of a vibration signal is improved; based on an online incremental learning mechanism, adaptive modeling during working condition change is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing and analysis, and particularly relates to a soft soil roadbed-oriented compaction quality real-time prediction and multi-dimensional intelligent evaluation method. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, arranging a plurality of vertical component engineering geophones on the surface of a soil body behind a vibrating wheel of a road roller along the advancing direction to form a geophone array, and connecting all sensors to an edge computing gateway for synchronous acquisition; 2, performing filtering processing on the original seismic waveform record acquired by the detector array; 3, establishing an initial velocity model according to the Rayleigh wave dispersion curve, and outputting a final shear wave velocity model; and 4, according to the final shear wave velocity model, extracting a compaction coefficient estimation value and a compaction uniformity variable coefficient of each depth horizon, and according to a preset determination rule, outputting a compaction quality grade. According to the invention, quality detection can be converted into real-time monitoring in the construction process from traditional postmortem sampling inspection, and compaction quality problems can be found and processed in time.

The application provides a real-time wave fluctuation migration positioning method for microseismic signals and belongs to the technical field of seismic signal processing; solves the problems of complex data preprocessing, insufficient calculation efficiency and low timeliness of existing migration positioning processing technologies; and comprises the following steps: arranging multiple geophones as receiving points of microseismic data according to different depths in the range of a region to be monitored on a coal mine working face floor; counting the number N of triggered geophones, and distributing the data of the N geophones to different GPUs to carry out seismic wave field simulation of the N geophones in parallel; obtaining imaging results of longitudinal waves and transverse waves by using directional aperture constraints and storage-free imaging conditions, fusing the imaging results of the longitudinal waves and the transverse waves, and extracting imaging results with the most focused energy and consistent imaging point positions as microseismic information of microseismic events; and the application is applied to coal mine roof and floor monitoring.

This application relates to a method for determining remaining shot pairs, a method for determining the vacancy and occupancy of geophysical equipment, electronic equipment, and a method for rolling operation of geophysical equipment, relating to the field of seismic data acquisition technology in petroleum exploration. The method for determining remaining shot pairs includes: determining shot point data for all shot points to be excited in the scheme, geophone point data for all geophones in the scheme, and shot-geophone relationship data based on work area data and acquisition construction scheme; determining the shot pair values ​​of geophones falling within a preset acquisition construction template range based on the above data; and determining the remaining shot pairs of geophones based on the shot pair values ​​of the geophones and the information of shot points already excited within the acquisition construction template range obtained during construction. The method further includes: when the remaining shot pair value of a geophone within the acquisition construction template is 0, moving the geophone within the template to the preset position of the geophone in the next round of the construction scheme, and calculating the remaining shot pairs of the geophone.

The invention discloses a microseism monitoring and positioning method based on adaptive probability imaging. Comprising the following steps: S1, arranging a detector and collecting data; s2, picking up arrival time and calculating a signal-to-noise ratio; s3, constructing an EDT residual error; s4, constructing an adaptive probability density function; s5, positioning imaging in a product form; s6, searching an optimal seismic source position; and S7, removing abnormal data. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the method achieves the high-resolution imaging of the position of the seismic source and the effective suppression of an abnormal value.

The application belongs to the field of oil and gas geophysical exploration, and discloses a kind of geophone combination to improve the calculation method of signal-to-noise ratio degree of single shot data, and the signal-to-noise ratio of geophone combination is improved multiple times compared with geophone single point G , the surface wave suppression amplitude value of geophone combination b 1, the refraction wave suppression amplitude value b 2, the reciprocal of the signal-to-noise ratio of geophone combination suppression random interference wave b 3, the amplitude ratio of surface wave and refraction wave k , the surface wave suppression coefficient, refraction wave suppression coefficient and random interference wave suppression coefficient of geophone combination are obtained, and finally the formula of the signal-to-noise ratio improvement multiple of geophone combination compared with geophone single point is obtained.The application is suitable for calculating the degree of signal-to-noise ratio of single shot data improved by geophone combination, the calculation result is clear, the reliability is strong, the calculation method is fast, and the quantitative basis can be provided for the selection of geophone combination number and group distance in seismic acquisition engineering technical design.

The invention discloses an observation system and method for detecting a fine structure of an abnormal geologic body. The observation system comprises excitation control equipment and a high-energy pulse exploder which are arranged outside a seismic source well, a digital burst pipe array which is arranged in the seismic source well in a series connection manner, seismic acquisition equipment arranged outside a receiving well, and a detector array which is arranged in the receiving well in a series connection manner. The digital burst tube array and the detector array are connected with the outside-well equipment through a burst tube multi-core cable and a detector multi-core cable respectively. During observation, the excitation control equipment and the digital burst tube array are cooperatively controlled, the on-off state of an excitation bus and a monitoring bus in a burst tube multi-core cable is controlled, a target excitation tube is appointed to implement single-point detonation, meanwhile, the physical fracture state of the target excitation tube is monitored in real time, and the excitation time of seismic waves is accurately captured. According to the invention, a bus type multi-core cable architecture is adopted, the system layout process is obviously simplified, the synchronization problem caused by excitation delay of a non-explosive source is effectively solved, and the capability of high-precision detection of the fine structure of an abnormal geologic body is improved.