This invention discloses a
siltation early warning method based on the fusion of towed
sonar and multi-source hydrological parameters, belonging to the field of
underwater topographic monitoring and
engineering safety early warning technology. The method first plans the survey lines for the target area and simultaneously collects multibeam
sonar bathymetry data,
CTD multi-parameter data, platform attitude data, tow cable status data, positioning and navigation data, and
time synchronization information during towed platform operation. Then, it performs
time alignment,
outlier removal, missing value compensation, and
noise suppression on the multi-
source data. A sound velocity profile is constructed based on the
CTD multi-parameter data, and the sound velocity of the multibeam
sonar bathymetry data is corrected. Geometric compensation is also performed by combining platform attitude data, tow cable status data, and positioning and navigation data. Finally, the corrected
bathymetry data is... The results are mapped to a preset coordinate
system to construct an
underwater cross-section model, a grid elevation model, or a
bed sediment point cloud model for the
current time period. Historical baseline models are retrieved for coordinate unification, overlapping area identification, and adaptive registration. Based on this, elevation
difference analysis, slope
change analysis, regional thickness statistics, and calculations of
sediment thickness, changed area, and
sediment volume are performed. Furthermore, short-term trend predictions are made by combining historical observations from multiple time periods with environmental driving factors such as flow velocity,
tide level, temperature,
salinity,
turbidity, and sediment content. Finally, a warning level is generated based on a
risk threshold, and warning information is output. This invention improves the comparability of multi-time period towed sonar measurement results and the accuracy of sediment identification, enabling
continuous monitoring, quantitative analysis, and proactive warning of
bed sedimentation status in target areas. It is applicable to port channels, inland waterways, estuaries, reservoir areas, and near-
shore engineering areas.