1067 results about "Grounding grid" patented technology

The design of integrated circuits, i.e., semiconductor products, is made easier with a semiconductor platform having versatile power mesh that is capable of supporting simultaneous operations having different frequencies on the semiconductor product; e.g., higher frequency operations may be embedded as diffused blocks within the lower layers or may be programmed from a configurable transistor fabric above the diffused layers. Preferably the power mesh is located above the layers having the operations requiring the different frequencies, and may be fixed in an application set given to a chip designer or may be configurable by the designer her/himself. For example, to support high speed communications adjacent an embedded high speed data transceiver, the transistor fabric may be programmed as a data link layer having higher performance requirements than the rest of the integrated circuit. The data link layer may be connected to one of the localized grids of the versatile power mesh which may have an increased density and/or wider strap width of a power/ground grid. Additional decoupling capacitance can be embedded in the lower layers of the semiconductor product and/or can be programmed from the configurable transistors fabric.

The invention relates to the technical field of prediction of weather states, and especially relates to a modeling evaluation method for urban heavy rain inundation. The method includes the following steps: (1), establishing a to-be-evaluated area into a digital elevation model, and dividing the model into grids; (2), generating a river network, establishing a river network on the digital elevation model, and determining the current direction and speed of a basin; (3) determining inundated areas, the grids the river flows across being river grids and other grids being ground grids, determining initial river grids and inundation conditions, and successively determining, from the initial river grids, whether the ground grids adjacent the river grids meet inundation conditions, wherein the ground grids are inundated grids if the conditions are satisfied, otherwise, the ground grids are not inundated grids; (4) determining the inundation critical rainfall; (5) determining inundation calamity risks; and (6) evaluating inundation risks. Through adoption of the method, the inundation coverage, the inundation depth, the inundation risks and losses or the like can be predicated before heavy rain, early warning is carried out timely, property losses are minimized, and personal safety is guaranteed.

A computer-executable method is executed by a CPU as the following steps of: obtaining an interested range in relation to a target typhoon and obtaining historical typhoons within the interested range from a wind and typhoon database; obtaining shortest distances from the respective historical typhoons to the target typhoon within the interested range; choosing a target ground grid point and obtaining normalized extreme wind speeds of the respective historical typhoons corresponding to the target ground grid point; obtaining extreme wind speeds probable for the target ground grid point by calculation according to the normalized extreme wind speeds and the highest wind speed of the center of the target typhoon; and arranging the extreme wind speeds in descending order, arranging the shortest distances corresponding to the respective extreme wind speeds, and obtaining the occurrence probability of the extreme wind speeds at the target ground grid point according to a formula.

The invention relates to a road lane line detection method based on a three-dimensional laser radar. The method comprises the following steps: 1) establishing the radar coordinate system oxyz of a detection vehicle; 2) establishing an area of interest under a radar coordinate system oxy, and carrying out rasterization processing on the data, which is collected by the laser radar, of the area of interest; 3) according to highest point data and lowest point data in a grid, filtering a non-ground grid, and utilizing the highest point data to filter a non-lane internal grid; 4) solving the average value of laser radar reflection intensity data in the grid, setting the threshold value of laser radar collection data reflection intensity, and filtering the grid which has a big difference with lane line reflection intensity; 5) filtering an isolate or exceptional grid which is close to lane line reflection intensity information; and 6) carrying out the curve fitting of a least square method on the above obtained grid to obtain a road lane line. The method can carry out real-time processing, can work day and night, and has the advantages of being high in detection effect accuracy, high in reliability and good in algorithm robustness.

The invention relates to a low current grounding fault circuit selection method. The low current grounding fault circuit selection method is characterized in that a control computer, a small current grounding fault detecting device and a zero sequence current mutual inductor set according to outlet circuit number form a circuit selection device, and low current grounding fault circuit selection is carried out according to the characteristic of single-phase grounding fault transient state signals of a low current grounding grid and utilizing monitored fault transient state signals and the monitored outlet circuit number. A special high-speed data acquisition unit is adopted, and sampling is performed simultaneously; the technology is accomplished by coordination and distribution of responsibilities; zero sequence voltage and current signals are acquired; the transient circuit selection technology has the advantages of reliable detection, high success rate and high metal grounding fault accuracy rate of 100 percent; and in view of high-resistance grounding fault comprehensive circuit selection, the accuracy rate is higher than 95 percent, therefore, the application is wide. The low current grounding fault circuit selection method can be applied to systems of non-grounding, grounding through an arc suppression coil and grounding through high resistance, is adapted to different forms of power supply systems in various voltage grades and has a fault recording function; in addition, the fault information can be reserved permanently and can be uploaded to a scheduling or control center through a variety of protocols.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating soil corrosivity of a grounding grid of a substation in Guangdong region, and relates to a method for evaluating the soil corrosivity. The method comprises the following steps: (1) picking up the soil on the buried depth position of the grounding grid to measure eight soil parameters(1) by conventional methods; (2) utilizing an eight index comprehensive grading method to determine a comprehensive grade(2); and (3) determining the grade of the soil corrosivity according to an eight index comprehensive grading result(3). The eight soil parameters include soil texture(1.1), soil pH value(1.2), soil electric resistivity(1.3), soil salt content(1.4), soil water content(1.5), corrosion potential(1.6), and soil C1+2SO4 content (1.7). The method is not only used for evaluating the soil corrosivity environment caused by the grounding grid steel of the substation operated in Guangdong region and predicting the soil corrosivity environment caused by the grounding grid steel of a newly built substation, but also applied to evaluating the corrosive protection of the buried steel in other industries in Guangdong region.

The invention provides a comprehensive diagnosis method and a diagnosis system thereof for diagnosing the defects of a substation grounding grid. The diagnosis method establishes the topology model of the substation grounding grid and the software arithmetic of the grounding diagnosis system which takes a node voltage optimization model as a core; corresponding current excitation nodes and potential reference nodes are found out in the substation grounding grid and voltage measurement sensors are arranged at all nodes; after excitation signals are applied to the current excitation nodes, the sensors obtain the detection signals and transmit the detection signals to the comprehensive diagnosis system which is used for diagnosing the defects of the substation grounding grid and connected with the sensors; the software arithmetic of the comprehensive diagnosis system for diagnosing the defects of the substation grounding grid is used for calculating relevant parameters of the grounding grid branch resistance, thus determining the positions of the failure defects of the substation grounding grid; the diagnosis system consists of a power supply device, a filter device, a data collecting device and a background PC machine and has the advantages of reasonable design proposal, convenient operation, exactly detecting the defects of the main net of the grounding grid and the grounding down lead wire without excavating the ground surface, and the like.

The invention discloses a conductive anticorrosive coating and a preparation method thereof. The conductive anticorrosive coating mainly consists of epoxy resin, an epoxy resin curing agent, a composite conductive filler, a preservative, a reactive diluent, a flame retardant and a mixed solvent. The conductive anticorrosive coating provided by the invention is used for preparing a conductive anticorrosive coating layer on the surface of a workpiece well treated in a spray-coating or brush-coating way, and can be widely applied to metal structural elements such as a grounding grid device in the power industry and an oil storing device in the petrochemical industry to realize the functions of electric conducting, electrostatic conducting, anti-corrosion and the like, and therefore, the metal structural elements are capable of meeting the requirements of use on spot. The preparation process of the coating provided by the invention is simple and easy for realization of industrial production.

The invention relates to equipment and a method for intelligently automatically cleaning vehicles. The equipment comprises a pull guide rail. The pull guide rail is arranged on a side of a ground grid, a first upright column is vertically mounted at the right end of the ground grid, a first transverse beam is fixedly connected with the top of the first upright column, a second upright column is mounted at the rear of the first upright column, a second transverse beam is fixedly connected with the top of the second upright column, longitudinal beams are mounted between the first transverse beam and the second transverse beam, and a third transverse beam is mounted at the tail ends of the longitudinal beams. A second water spray pipe and a water wax spray pipe are arranged between the first transverse beam and the second transverse beam, and a top brush device is mounted on the second upright column. A vertical brush device is mounted on the third transverse beam. Wheel brush devices are symmetrically mounted on the side surfaces of the pull guide rail and are positioned between the first upright column and the second upright column. The equipment and the method have the advantages that mechanical structures can be simplified, power consumption and water consumption can be reduced, failure rates of machinery can be decreased, and the later-stage maintenance cost can be saved; the equipment is additionally provided with an automatic control system, accordingly, the vehicles can be fully automatically cleaned, and the work efficiency can be improved.

A method and test structures are disclosed for characterizing interconnects of an integrated circuit. The method provides a set of test structures and determines a unit impedance property of each test structure, desirably using S-parameter measurements. A reference impedance data set is then formulated that characterizes the impedance of an integrated circuit manufacturing technology and that can be used to characterize the impedance of interconnects of the chip made by the technology. Each test structure desirably comprises a ground grid and a signal line, and is characterized by values of a set of predetermined attributes such as layer location of the respective ground grid, grid density, layer association, width and length of the respective signal line.

The invention provides an intelligent diagnosis method for the corrosion failure point of a transformer substation grounding grid. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, inputting a transformer substation grounding grid model into a computer, on the premise that the structure of the transformer substation grounding grid is analyzed, decomposing the transformer substation grounding grid and selecting an optimum point by a topology decomposition method, acquiring an electric potential signal and transmitting to an alternating current/direct current signal acquiring system by a preset sensor due to an injected sine alternating current single, transmitting the signal to the computer to be computed and displayed on a liquid crystal display by a microcontroller, computing the probable position in which the corrosion failure point is arranged by the computer according to the electric potential distribution, building a mini type grounding subgrid model, injecting a direct current large current signal into the mini type grounding subgrid, acquiring by a controller to acquire the node voltage and the current valve of the grounding grid at the time, and transmitting the acquired data to the computer to build mathematical model computation to finally obtain the specific position of the corrosion failure point.

A high melting point exothermic welding flux for a copper-clad steel/copper grounding grid belongs to the metal welding field. The existing exothermic welding flux for welding copper-clad steel has the defects of lower melting point of the metal on a joint than the temperature of a base material, poor structural uniformity and the like. The exothermic welding flux comprises the following components by weight percent: 50-60% of copper oxide, 9-10% of aluminium metal powder, 20-35% of copper metal powder, 3-4% of fluorite powder, 2-3% of tin metal powder, 0-5% of nickel metal powder and the balance alloy powder. The exothermic welding flux has the melting temperature close to that of the base metal, and can assure that a grounding body formed by the joint and the base material has even reliability.

The invention provides a ground grid fault diagnosis method based on a self-adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm. A fault diagnosis equation is established according to a node voltage analytical method in an electric network theory, then a target optimization function is obtained according to a minimum energy principle, the problem of ground grid fault diagnosis is converted into the problem of target optimization with constraint conditions, then the self-adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the optimization problem, and a diagnosis result is obtained. In the ground grid fault diagnosis method based on the self-adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm in the invention, through establishing a mathematical model for ground grid fault diagnosis, and using the optimization target function, the ill-condition degree of the diagnosis equation is lowered, and the global optimization capability of the self-adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm is called, thereby improving the efficiency and the accuracy of solving the optimization model, and enabling the diagnosis result to be accurate and reliable.

The invention relates to an impedance frequency response method for measuring the corrosion state of a grounding network of a transformer substation. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, calculating impedance frequency response curves between grounding down leads at different positions and under different corrosion states of the grounding network of the transformer substation by numerical simulation and a corresponding frequency point impedance numerical list; 2, actually measuring and drawing the impedance frequency response curves at the different positions of the grounding network; 3, querying the impedance frequency response curve which is at the same position of the grounding network of the transformer substation and is measured every year; and 4, comparing original input data which are obtained in the step 1, the impedance frequency response curves which are at the different positions and are obtained in the step 2, and the impedance frequency response curve which is at the same position, is measured every year and is obtained in the step 3, estimating the corrosion states of the grounding network, and giving the corrosion level of the grounding network and the equivalent diameter of a grounding body. The method has the advantages that: excavation and soil sampling of the grounding network are not required; the working load of corrosion measurement of the grounding network of the transformer substation is reduced; the cycle of the corrosion measurement of the grounding network of the transformer substation is shortened; and the judgment accuracy of the corrosion level of the grounding network of the transformer substation is improved.

The invention relates to a method and a system for evaluating a corrosion state of a transformer substation grounding grid. The system comprises a field impact current generation module, a transient current and voltage recording module of all grounding down leads, an impact grounding impedance calculating and impact response curve drawing module, a testing result storing and recording module and a grounding grid state evaluation and analysis module, wherein the field impact current generation module is used for generating impact current; the transient current and voltage recording module of all the grounding down leads is used for collecting the impact current, transient response voltage waveforms of input grounding down leads and impact response voltage waveforms of output grounding down leads in different positions; the impact grounding impedance calculating and impact response curve drawing module is used for processing current and voltage data to obtain the grounding grid impact impedance and an impact response curve of different positions; the grounding grid state evaluation and analysis module is used for evaluating the corrosion state of the transformer substation grounding grid. Compared with the prior art, the method and the system, disclosed by the invention, have the advantages of simplicity, accuracy and capacity of being not limited by a field running condition.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the ground impedance of a large grounding grid, and relates to the technical field of the measurement of grounding characteristics of large grounding grids such as grounding grids in power stations or transformer substations. Based on the phase difference measurement of a reference vector of test current, module values and phase difference of an outlet overhead ground wire and a power cable outer sheath of a power station or a transformer substation to shunts of the test current are obtained; and through a vector of each shunt and calculation, the actual diffused current vector of the test current passing the grounding grid is accurately solved, so that the ground impedance of the grounding grid is accurately measured. According to the conventional method for measuring the ground impedance of the grounding grid under the condition that the running power station or transformer substation is provided with an outlet ground wire, the shunts of the overhead ground wire and the cable outer sheath are not measured, or the vector of each shunt is only measured, the phase difference from the vector of the test current is not measured, a result that the shunt module value is subtracted from the test current is only obtained, and the simple treatment method is changed. The accuracy for measuring the ground impedance is improved, serious systematic errors are avoided, and the state of the grounding grid is accurately evaluated.

The invention relates to a system and a method of measuring the resistance and inductance of an earthed network through dash current, which solve the problem of measuring the ground impedance, resistance and inductance of the earthed network when the lightning current passes through the earthed network. The input of a dash current generator (B) is connected with the output of an isolating transformer (A), the input of the isolating transformer (A) is connected with an AC power supply, the output of the dash current generator (B) charges a capacitor (I) through a silicon stack (C) and a protective resistance (D), a silicon controlled (G) controls the capacitor (I) to discharge to a test loop, a shunting resistance (F), an adjustable inductance (E) and an equivalent ground network (H) are connected in series in the discharge loop of the capacitor (I), and a first divider resistance and a second divider resistance (M1, M2) are connected in parallel with the equivalent ground network (H). The shunting resistance (F) and the second divider resistance (M2) are connected with the input of an A/D converter (J), and the output of the A/D converter is connected with a microprocessor (K).

The invention discloses a portable lightning current generating device and method for grounding device impact impedance testing. The device comprises a power generator and a lightning current generator main loop test box. A rectifying silicon stack D, a charging resistor R1 and a direct-current voltage divider are connected in series to the output end of a boosting transformer T2. An energy-storage capacitor C is connected in parallel to the direct-current voltage divider. One end of a discharging switch S is connected with a positive electrode of the energy-storage capacitor C. The other end of the discharging switch S is connected with an adjustable wave modulated resistor R2. The other end of the adjustable wave modulated resistor R2 is connected with one end of an adjustable wave modulated inductor L. The other end of the adjustable wave modulated inductor L is connected with a grounding grid to be tested through a grounding testing current injection point. A grounding testing reverse current electrode and a reference voltage electrode are arranged on the periphery of the grounding grid to be tested. The ground testing reverse current electrode is connected to a negative electrode of the energy-storage capacitor C of a lightning current generator main loop. The device can simulate inductive effect and soil spark discharging effect really, and impact grounding resistance can be tested really.

An integrated circuit (IC) design with multiple metal layers containing cells requiring secondary power supply. After placing the cells and stripes of a primary power/ground grid in metal layers of the IC design, specific cells are provided with secondary power stripes in a first metal layer. The secondary power stripes are designed in such a way that each secondary power/ground stripe exhibits a full overlap with a stripe of a corresponding primary power/ground grid in a different metal layer. Subsequently, signals from the IC design are routed, and power vias between the primary power/ground grid stripes and the secondary power/ground stripes are generated.

The invention discloses a novel grounding network grounding resistance inverse short-distance measurement method and apparatus and provides a grounding network grounding resistance inverse short-distance measurement method and apparatus, for solving the problems of long lead wire, large mutual inductance, small effective signals and the like in conventional grounding network grounding resistance measurement. A current lead wire is shortened to 2D to 2.5D, a voltage lead wire is connected with an auxiliary current electrode and a voltage electrode, and through measurement of ground potential distribution distanced 3 to 20m away from the auxiliary current electrode and combination with an analysis calculation formula of potential of the auxiliary current electrode, a potential distribution formula of the auxiliary current electrode is calculated. Through combination with loop voltage reduction and ground potential distribution rules, ground potential rise of a grounding network and grounding resistance of the grounding network are obtained. The measurement apparatus mainly comprises a different-frequency power supply, a host, a mobile voltage measurement module, a standard auxiliary current electrode, the current lead wire, the voltage lead wire and a combined auxiliary voltage electrode. The grounding resistance measurement method and apparatus have the advantages of short measurement lead wires, small mutual inductance influences, large effective signals, high anti-interference capability, accurate measurement positioning, fast and convenient measurement and the like.

The invention provides a carbon nanotube modified conductive anticorrosive paint used for grounding grids, and a preparation method thereof. The carbon nanotube modified conductive anticorrosive paint comprises following ingredients, 40 to 60 parts of epoxy resin, 15 to 25 parts of an epoxy resin diluent, 4 to 6 parts of carbon nanotube, 10 to 15 parts of an antirust agent, 2 to 5 parts of an auxiliary agent, and 4 to 5 parts of a curing agent. The preparation method comprises following steps: epoxy resin and the epoxy resin diluent are mixed uniformly; carbon nanotube, the antirust agent, and the auxiliary agent are added into diluted epoxy resin; and an obtained mixture is mixed uniformly, the curing agent is added, and an obtained mixed is stirred uniformly so as to obtain the carbon nanotube modified conductive anticorrosive paint. According to the carbon nanotube modified conductive anticorrosive paint, carbon nanotube is taken as a conductive filler, so that length-diameter ratio of the carbon nanotube is relatively large, a three dimensional conductive network is formed in the carbon nanotube modified conductive anticorrosive paint, the three dimensional conductive network is filled with resin matrix, and excellent electrical conductivity is obtained by adding a small amount of the conductive filler. Coatings obtained via spraying and coating of the carbon nanotube modified conductive anticorrosive paint are low in resistivity, stable in conductivity, high in corrosion resistance and flexibility, and are excellent in adhesive force; and are compact.