1691 results about "Potential difference" patented technology

An interface circuit includes a reference voltage generation circuit to generate a reference voltage, a differential voltage signal generation circuit to convert send data input in sending data into a pair of differential voltage signals and output the pair of differential voltage signals based on the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation circuit, a receiver to convert a pair of differential voltage signals input in receiving data and output received data, and a receiver test circuit to perform a sensitivity test of the receiver, the receiver test circuit having a resistance circuit to generate a pair of differential voltage signals having a potential difference being necessary for the sensitivity test of the receiver.

The invention provides a method for testing the stability of an electronic product, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the propagation characteristic data of a transient current in a grounding network, building a multi-point grounding network model in combination with the potential distribution data of each node, inputting the potential of the nodes and the transient current data, and predicting the fluctuation trend of the ground potential through the multi-point grounding network model; according to the predicted ground potential fluctuation trend, extracting a coupling path of an interference signal in the grounding network when common-mode interference exists, and determining a main node and a propagation direction of interference signal propagation to obtain a sensitive circuit; calculating node potential distribution data of the grounding network after node layout, judging whether the potential difference between key nodes is within a preset range or not, and if the potential difference exceeds the preset range, refining network division, increasing equipotential connection or locally reducing grounding resistance; and determining a matching design scheme of the grounding network and the sensitive circuit according to the anti-interference capability, building a test platform, and testing stability data of the grounding system in different electromagnetic environments.

The invention belongs to the field of data processing, and particularly relates to a high-voltage direct-current electric field intensity measuring method and a related device. In the device, an optical fiber direct-current electric field sensor at least comprises a signal processing unit, an optical fiber voltage sensing head, a fixed electrode and a rotating electrode. The method comprises the following steps: deploying a measuring device in a space to be measured; the rotating electrode is controlled to rotate at a constant speed, so that the center distance between the fixed electrode and the rotating electrode is periodically changed along with the rotating track; collecting an alternating current signal voltage generated by an alternating potential difference between the fixed electrode and the rotating electrode in a constant-speed rotating process through an optical fiber voltage sensing head; and performing numerical processing on the alternating current signal voltage through a signal processing unit to obtain a measured value of the high-voltage direct current electric field intensity, and optimizing the measured value in combination with a physical compensation model and a data driving compensation model. The method can realize the measurement of the high-voltage direct-current space electric field intensity, improve the measurement accuracy and expand the measurement range.

To provide a memory system and a memory device with high reliability.SOLUTION: A memory system of the embodiment includes a memory device and a memory controller. The memory device includes a plurality of memory cells. The memory controller is configured to determine a first voltage based on information regarding a gradient of a distribution of threshold voltages of each of the plurality of memory cells, and to perform tracking operations. The memory controller causes the memory device to perform a plurality of read operations using a plurality of read levels for the plurality of memory cells in the tracking operation. The memory controller acquires the number of ON cells in each of the plurality of read operations. The memory controller sets a first potential difference of the plurality of read levels in a voltage range lower than the first voltage and a second potential difference of the plurality of read levels in a voltage range higher than the first voltage to be different from each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

The invention relates to the technical field of prediction model construction, in particular to a method for constructing a corrosion rate prediction model of a metal material. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring bridge design data, collecting metal material and electrolyte component data, and constructing a bridge protection primary battery simulation model; electrolyte concentration change information is collected by dynamically analyzing water flow fluid and ion migration, so that the potential difference and the current density of positive and negative electrodes of the primary battery are calculated; evaluating the metal corrosion rate of the protection electrode, and establishing a corresponding prediction model; according to the method, multiple steps including metal activity analysis, ion activity estimation, current density calculation and the like are refined, so that the accuracy and reliability of a prediction result are ensured. According to the invention, the metal corrosion rate prediction model is more accurate through the corrosion rate prediction optimization of the metal material.

The invention discloses a high-precision foundation pit support leakage potential measurement system and method, an electrode matrix, an electric field establishment module, a reference electrode, a multi-channel electric signal parallel measurement device and a data processing terminal are arranged in a foundation pit, and the outer side of a non-polarized electrode of the electrode matrix is filled with bentonite slurry; the bentonite slurry can infiltrate the contact part of the non-polarized electrode and a foundation pit soil body so as to change the property of the soil body, so that the contact potential of the electrode matrix and the soil body is controlled, the measurement error is reduced, meanwhile, an ion concentration meter and a temperature sensor are arranged in the non-polarized electrode and the reference electrode of the electrode matrix respectively, and the measurement accuracy is improved. The data processing terminal can correct the potential difference according to the electrode temperature and the ion concentration of the non-polarized electrode and the reference electrode temperature and the reference ion concentration of the reference electrode to calibrate the electrode range caused by the temperature and the ion concentration, so that the real potential difference of the foundation pit is obtained, and the measurement precision is effectively improved. And the accuracy and reliability of a foundation pit leakage detection result are improved.

The invention discloses a virtual impedance adjustment-based current-limiting control method and system for a network construction converter, and the method comprises the steps: determining a fault transient virtual resistance according to the voltage difference between the terminal voltage of a virtual synchronous machine and the voltage of a grid-connected point in a fault transient state when the system breaks down; in a fault steady state, determining a fault steady state virtual resistance and a fault steady state virtual inductance according to a voltage difference between a terminal voltage of the virtual synchronous machine and a grid-connected point voltage and a current over-limit threshold value of the networking converter; the large value of the fault transient virtual resistance and the fault steady-state virtual resistance is used as the fault virtual resistance, and the fault steady-state virtual inductance is used as the fault virtual inductance; and determining a fault potential difference by using the line current, the fault virtual resistance and the fault virtual inductance, and obtaining a fault current instruction value through a voltage control outer ring according to the difference values of the voltage instruction, the output voltage of the network construction converter and the fault potential difference. The current does not exceed the limit in the fault steady state, and the current impact caused by the superposition of the non-periodic component current and the periodic component current does not exceed the limit in the fault transient state.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor testing, in particular to a radio frequency testing bonding pad and a radio frequency testing structure. The radio frequency test pad comprises a substrate; the connection supporting layer is located on the substrate, and the connection supporting layer comprises a metal layer; the connection ports are located on the connection supporting layer, and the connection ports comprise a grounding port and a signal port; the grounding port is conductively connected through the metal layer; the signal port and the metal layer are not conductive. The signal port and the metal layer are arranged to be non-conductive, so that potential difference between the signal port and a structure below is avoided, parasitic capacitance is inhibited, and the accuracy of radio frequency testing is further improved.

The invention provides a neck-hanging type water negative ion device convenient for negative ion absorption, which comprises a neck-hanging type shell, a negative ion water mist generating device, an ionization needle device, a positive voltage module and a conductive contact layer, and is characterized in that the negative ion water mist generating device, the ionization needle device and the positive voltage module are mounted in the neck-hanging type shell and are suitable for being matched to generate water negative ions; the conductive contact layer is arranged on the surface of the neck-hanging type shell and is suitable for being in contact with the neck of the human body, and the positive voltage module is electrically connected with the conductive contact layer and is suitable for forming a potential difference between the conductive contact layer and negative ion charges in air, so that the negative ion charges are attracted to flow to the human body, and the human body can absorb negative ions conveniently.

The invention discloses a slurry electrolysis device and battery production equipment, and relates to the technical field of lithium batteries. As an electrolysis positive electrode and an electrolysis negative electrode are positioned between a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet and are in contact with battery slurry, the electrolysis positive electrode and the electrolysis negative electrode are in contact with the battery slurry; under the condition that the potential applied by a power supply for connecting the electrolysis positive electrode and the electrolysis negative electrode is greater than the oxidation potential of a to-be-electrolyzed metal element or alloy in the battery slurry, the to-be-electrolyzed metal element or alloy in the battery slurry can serve as a micro positive electrode, the surface of the to-be-electrolyzed metal element or alloy is oxidized due to potential difference and is gradually dissolved into ions, and the ions are gradually dissolved along with electrolysis. And large metal elementary substance particles are continuously oxidized, the volume is gradually reduced, and finally, the metal elementary substance particles are completely dissolved into metal ions without discharge risk, so that the removal of the metal elementary substance or alloy to be electrolyzed in the battery slurry is realized, and the self-discharge risk of the battery is reduced.

The embodiment of the invention is applied to the field of circuit control, and provides a level setting method and electronic equipment. Under the condition that the electronic equipment determines that the keyboard is in the closed state, the level states of all the output pins in the keyboard are configured to be the first level, so that potential difference between the input pins and the output pins is avoided. And under the condition that the keyboard is in the open state, the electronic equipment configures the levels of all output pins corresponding to keys in the keyboard as a second level or a third level. Under the condition that the level of the output pin is the second level or the third level, when the keyboard receives the click operation of the user on the key, interruption can be normally generated, so that the electronic equipment can determine the key clicked by the user based on the interruption. In the application, generation of abnormal oxides can be slowed down by reducing the duration of the potential difference, the probability of keyboard aging is reduced, the service life of the electronic equipment is prolonged, and the use experience of a user is improved.

The invention discloses a method for characterizing physical properties of a single-layer graphene / semiconductor heterojunction. The method comprises the following steps: providing a physical property model about a single-layer graphene-semiconductor heterojunction, wherein influence factors comprise the change of Fermi level of single-layer graphene after the heterojunction is formed and the influence of an interface state on a formation position of a contact potential difference; extracting heterojunction electrical characteristics by using a Kelvin probe force microscope; the interface layer spacing is obtained; and importing the heterojunction electrical characteristics and the interface interlayer spacing into a physical characteristic model, and analyzing to obtain physical characteristics. According to the new theoretical model and the method for realizing the nondestructive characterization of the physical characteristics of the heterojunction by using the Kelvin probe microscope based on the theoretical model, the influence of the change of the Fermi level of the single-layer graphene and the interface state on the formation position of the contact potential difference is fully considered; key interface physical properties, especially built-in potential and depletion region characteristics which are crucial to device performance, can be accurately analyzed.

A working electrode is inserted into the plant to monitor the health of the plant components or to detect physical, mechanical damage or environmental change in the soil or atmosphere. A standard electrode is inserted into soil surrounding the plant or in the plant itself. A data logger connects the working electrode and the standard electrode. The data logger measures the potential difference between the working electrode and the electrolyte to provide the ability to compare a measured potential difference with a predetermined critical potential difference for the plant. A second electrochemical cell can inject electrons and ions into the plant. The plant can be used as a sensor to monitor the environmental change in the soil or in the atmosphere.

Devices for improved nanopore sensing are described. An example device has a structure arranged to separate an analyte reservoir and an outlet chamber. An example device has a structure arranged to separate an analyte reservoir and an outlet chamber. The structure can include an array of nanopore structures, each nanopore structure comprising a passage for fluid connection through the structure between the analyte reservoir and outlet chamber. Control terminals can be arranged for applying a control signal to alter the electrical potential difference across that nanopore structure. Some embodiments include an electronic circuit configured to detect a signal from an electrical transduction element at each nanopore structure. Additional structural features and methods of operating and making the devices are described.

The invention discloses a single-cluster XNOR logic gate and a signal reading method thereof. One end of a single cluster device is provided with a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the other end of the single cluster device is provided with a gate electrode. A single-cluster XNOR logic gate is placed in a resonance tunneling area for signal reading, and when the input potential difference between a source electrode and a drain electrode of a single-cluster device is 0, the gate electrode outputs a high level; and when the input potential difference between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the single cluster device is not 0, the gate electrode outputs a low level.

A method and apparatus for monitoring the current of grounding wires of armored and shielded cables in a strong electromagnetic environment. In the method, the sum current of armor layer grounding wires of M cables in a terminal box and the sum current of shield layer grounding wires are respectively collected, primary and secondary grounding copper bar potentials of the terminal box and the grounding current of an adjacent terminal box are collected; a potential difference alarm can be implemented; and on the basis of whether the potential difference alarm is implemented, different criteria are used to respectively implement an alarm for the circulating current of a cable loop in the terminal box.

The present invention relates to a microelectrode array device and method for biological imaging comprising a well for containing a liquid medium; an optically transparent substrate; and a microelectrode array comprising multiple electrode pads. Each electrode pad comprises a conductive film having a thickness between 5 nm and 1000 nm comprising a carbon nanotube network and / or graphene. The microelectrode array further comprises at least one counter electrode and electrically conductive traces connecting the electrode pads with a voltage source and connecting the at least one counter electrode with the voltage source such that a potential difference can be provided between the electrode pads and the counter electrode.

The invention relates to the technical field of digital-analog hybrid integrated circuit design, and particularly provides a FlexRay bus receiver with low noise and wide common-mode input range, which is characterized in that a common-mode voltage division module receives a differential signal output by a bus and carries out voltage division, and then a pre-amplification module carries out amplitude limiting amplification on the signal after voltage division; the hysteresis comparator module generates threshold hysteresis and generates a logic level signal based on the signal after amplitude limiting amplification, and the digital logic receiving module receives and processes the logic level signal, generates a receiving data signal and transmits the receiving data signal to an external controller. According to the invention, the differential signal pair received on the FlexRay bus is subjected to voltage division and amplitude limiting amplification, so that a wider common-mode input range is provided, the problem of large ground potential difference is solved, and the capability of suppressing common-mode noise and the communication stability are improved. Meanwhile, the hysteresis comparator module suppresses noise false triggering by generating threshold hysteresis, and the anti-noise capability of the receiver is remarkably improved.

The invention provides an orthogonal electromagnetic field confinement fusion device and a fusion method. The fusion device comprises a vacuum combustion furnace which comprises a fusion reaction chamber and an inductance tube; the central shaft is arranged in the vacuum combustion furnace in a penetrating manner, a constant potential difference is applied between the inner wall of the vacuum combustion furnace and the central shaft, and a radial polarization electric field is generated in the vacuum combustion furnace; the inductance coil is wound on the outer wall of the vacuum combustion furnace, generates an axial confinement magnetic field in the vacuum combustion furnace and generates a magnetic mirror in the fusion reaction chamber; the fusion method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing an orthogonal electromagnetic field; s2, feeding fuel; s3, radially polarizing the ion ring; s4, induction of FRC is carried out; s5, axial fusion is carried out; s6, energy recovery; the device has the effects of simplifying the nuclear fusion reaction device, reducing the cost of the nuclear fusion reaction and improving the efficiency of the nuclear fusion reaction.

The invention discloses a gas-liquid mixed transportation multiphase flowmeter, and relates to the technical field of flow measurement. The device comprises a measurement chamber, a conductive polar plate, a permanent magnet and a detection assembly. A plurality of temperature measuring sheets and a reference temperature measuring plate are arranged in the measuring chamber, the temperature is controlled by a heating wire, and the design of a temperature guide block and a heated block is combined, so that the flow velocity of fluid is accurately measured. The device converts temperature change into resistance change through mechanical displacement transmission, and further obtains flow velocity information of fluid. Through the combination of the conductive polar plate and the permanent magnet, the potential difference generated by the conductive liquid in the magnetic field is measured through electromagnetic induction, and the volume ratio of gas to liquid in the fluid is judged.

The object of the present disclosure is to provide a piezoelectric device and the like capable of suppressing temperature unevenness in a piezoelectric layer during polarization of the piezoelectric device. A piezoelectric device having a capacitor structure in which a first electrode layer having two first electrode terminals, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode layer are laminated in this order, wherein the first electrode layer is Joule-heated by a potential difference between the two first electrode terminals, and the piezoelectric layer is polarized by an electric field generated by a potential difference between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer while being heated by the Joule-heated first electrode layer.

A method and apparatus for biasing regions of a substrate in a plasma assisted processing chamber are provided. Biasing of the substrate, or regions thereof, increases the potential difference between the substrate and a plasma formed in the processing chamber thereby accelerating ions from the plasma towards the active surfaces of the substrate regions. A plurality of bias electrodes herein are spatially arranged across the substrate support in a pattern that is advantageous for managing uniformity of processing results across the substrate.

The invention provides an object holder to hold an object, comprising: a clamp side to clamp the object, wherein the clamp side is electrically conductive, at least one electrode arranged at a distance from the clamp side, and electrically isolated from the clamp side, a controller arranged to provide an electrode voltage to the at least one electrode based on a measured charge signal representative for a charge level of the object holder and / or the object in order to decrease a potential difference between an electrical potential of the clamp side and an electrical potential of the object.

A degradation determination device determines whether each of a first opening / closing device and a fuse provided on a power path is in a degraded state. The power path has a positive electrode-side power line and a negative electrode-side power line. The first opening / closing device and the fuse are provided on the negative electrode-side power line. The degradation determination device is provided with a first potential detection unit that detects a first potential at one end of the first opening / closing device and a second potential at the opposite end thereof, a second potential detection unit that detects a first potential at one end of the fuse and a second potential at the opposite end thereof, and a control unit that determines whether each of the first opening / closing device and the fuse is in a degraded state, based on a potential difference between the first and second potentials.

Provided is a charge control device with which the charge amount of a battery is easily raised. This charge control device comprises: a connection unit for connecting a plurality of batteries in parallel to a charger connected to a vehicle; an acquisition unit for acquiring the voltage of the plurality of batteries; and a control unit for calculating a difference in potential between a connected battery that is connected to the charger and an unconnected battery that is not connected to the charger, among the plurality of batteries, on the basis of the voltage acquired by the acquisition unit and controlling the connection unit so as to furthermore connect the unconnected battery to the charger when the difference in potential is not within a prescribed potential range.

The present invention discloses a high-precision foundation pit retaining wall leakage potential measurement system and method. An electrode matrix, an electric field establishment module, a reference electrode, a multi-channel electrical signal parallel measurement device and a data processing terminal are respectively arranged in the foundation pit. The outer side of the non-polarized electrode of the electrode matrix is ​​filled with bentonite slurry. The bentonite slurry can infiltrate the contact part between the non-polarized electrode and the foundation pit soil to change the properties of the soil, thereby controlling the contact potential between the electrode matrix and the soil and reducing the measurement error. At the same time, the non-polarized electrode and the reference electrode of the electrode matrix are respectively provided with an ion concentration meter and a temperature sensor. The data processing terminal can correct the potential difference according to the electrode temperature and ion concentration of the non-polarized electrode and the reference electrode temperature and reference ion concentration of the reference electrode to calibrate the electrode extreme difference caused by temperature and ion concentration, thereby obtaining the true potential difference of the foundation pit, thereby effectively improving the measurement accuracy and improving the accuracy and reliability of the foundation pit leakage detection results.

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial intelligence, and discloses a power distribution switch early fault detection method and device, computer equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: building an air-water initial simulation model; acquiring a crack parameter, a potential difference and a rainwater parameter of a to-be-detected power distribution switch, and setting parameters of the initial two-phase simulation model to obtain a target simulation model; detecting actual arc parameters of the power distribution switch; comparing the predicted arc parameter with the predicted arc parameter; and judging whether the distribution switch has an early fault or not according to a comparison result. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the method can timely recognize and process problems which may cause serious power faults through continuous monitoring and accurate analysis of the power distribution switch, and can implement more targeted maintenance measures through detailed analysis of crack expansion and discharge behaviors, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency. Therefore, the service life of the power distribution switch and related power equipment is prolonged.

The invention discloses a coal mine tunnel shield excavation-following multi-frequency alternating current parallel advanced detection method and system, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a three-direction data observation system in a tunnel excavation direction; collecting a three-direction potential difference amplitude value and a three-direction potential difference phase value for the arranged three-direction data observation system by adopting a multi-frequency pseudo-random galvanic couple source emission mode; the obtained three-direction potential difference amplitude value and the potential difference phase value are sent to professional software based on a Cole-Cole model for inversion, and a three-dimensional apparent resistivity image and a three-dimensional apparent charging rate image are obtained; according to the method, the problems that a traditional advanced detection method is insufficient in space positioning of a geologic body and detection is carried out while excavation under the tunnel shield condition are solved, and technical support is provided for tunnel shield excavation-while-excavation water disaster detection.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging member, a charging voltage applying portion, an exposure unit, a developing member, a developing voltage applying portion, a transfer member, a transfer voltage applying portion, and a controller. In a discharging operation, an exposure surface is formed on a photosensitive member surface by exposing the photosensitive member surface to light by the exposure unit. The controller carries out control so that: a developing voltage on a side of a predetermined polarity relative to an exposure surface potential is applied to the developing member; a transfer voltage less than a discharge start voltage in absolute value of a potential difference between itself and the exposure surface potential of the is applied to the transfer portion; and a charging voltage on the side of the predetermined polarity relative to the exposure surface potential is applied to the charging member.

A gate structure is formed on a substrate at the junction of a well region and a drift region, the gate structure on the drift region is doped to form a first doped region and a second doped region which are adjacent to each other, the first doped region is doped with first type ions, and the second doped region is doped with second type ions; the conduction types of the second type ions and the first type ions are different, so that the first doped region and the second doped region form a reverse biased PN junction, an electric field caused by the interconnection structure can be balanced and dispersed in the direction from the drain electrode to the source electrode, and the high voltage of the interconnection structure can be effectively isolated; besides, the first doped region and the second doped region form a reverse-biased PN junction to disperse the high potential difference between the first doped region and the second doped region, so that the electric field intensity and the potential peak value on the surface of the device are effectively reduced, the segmented voltage division effect is beneficial to optimization of electric field distribution on the surface of the device, electric field concentration is reduced, and the performance of the device is improved. Therefore, the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor structure is improved.