The invention discloses a method for cultivating triploid
kelp sporophytes and identifying
ploidy of induced
protonema, and belongs to the field of
kelp breeding. The method is based on a capillary
glass needle separation technology for inducing filamentous somatic cells by
kelp and a molecular biological technology for specific marking of sex of kelp gametophytes. The
sex specific marker of the kelp
gametophyte is used for carrying out PCR (
Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification and 1.5%
agarose gel electrophoresis detection on the separated induction
protonema single-
cell cloning line, so that the genetic sex of the kelp induction
protonema can be accurately identified; and the
ploidy of the induced protonema of a part of varieties (lines) is directly determined from the
molecular level. The method for synchronously detecting the genetic sex and
ploidy of the induced protonema breaks through the bottlenecks of
chromosome counting and
flow cytometry operation, can be completed only through one-time PCR amplification, and is simple, convenient, rapid, short in time consumption, capable of completing detection of a plurality of samples at the same time and low in cost.