The invention provides a multifunctional aerogel material for blood component protection and a preparation method of the multifunctional aerogel material. Gellan gum, hyaluronic acid, Pullulan, Lubrajel CG andpoly(gamma-glutamic acid), derivatives or a mixture thereof are taken as a skeleton to act with a novellight-sensitive material, aerogel or a precursor for preparation of the ready-to-useaerogel material, and then multifunctional ready-to-useaerogel composite is prepared from the ready-to-useaerogel material as well as raw materials includingglucose, a novel solvent, a novel fixing agent, a buffering agent, a stabilizer, a novel preservative, a surfactant, a high-molecular compound, essential oil, an antioxidant and the likewith a three-spectral-line high-energy photocuring method by utilizing a high polymer material such as hyaluronic acid and the like as the skeleton. The material has the characteristics of being convenient to use, green, environment-friendly and the like, the whole blood component treated with the material keeps good cellular morphology, is stored for a long time, reducesbatch-to-batch difference and is an ideal additive for a whole blood controlling product and other products, and the material can also be applied to collection, storage and transfer of tissue cells as well as fields of cosmetics, food, drugs and the like.