The invention discloses a mobile laboratory for environment detection, wherein the mobile laboratory comprises a laboratory box body; lifting hooks are welded at four corners of the top end of the outer wall of the laboratory box body, a support frame is fixed at the bottom of the laboratory box body, and a detection chamber is arranged at one end in the laboratory box body. The mobile laboratory has the benefit effects: through the arrangement of the lifting hook, the device can be conveniently moved after being lifted, the device can be matched with a transport vehicle to move in the direction according to the use requirement, and the mobile laboratory adaptive to the environment of an incident place can be rapidly assembled; and in the detection process, a signal transceiver completes a near infrared spectroscopy method, a biosensor technology, a biochip, an ATP bioluminescence method, an immunological analysis method and transmission of detection data of the immunological analysis method and the like through a two-dimensional code tag, an RFID tag, a camera, a temperature inductor, a sound inductor, a vibration inductor, a pressure inductor, an RFID reader-writer, a two-dimensional code reader and a single-chip microcomputer controller.