The invention discloses a real-time detection and analysis method of an indoor air bacteria content based on the Internet of Things. The method comprises the steps of: generating a bioaerosol detection concentration curve; generating a particle concentration curve; performing statistics on environmental parameters within a set time range; performing calculation in combination with the bioaerosol detection concentration curve and the particle concentration curve to obtain the real-time bioaerosol concentration in the current environment; and performing calculation in combination with a room type to obtain an indoor air real-time bacteria content in the current environment. By adopting of the real-time detection and analysis method disclosed by the invention, the real-time detection of the bacteria content in the current environment can be achieved to guide the startup of disinfection and sterilization equipment and to assist the decision making of the indoor environmental emergency treatment, in addition, in combination with an access control subsystem, a photographing subsystem an environment detection subsystem, the change trend of the indoor air bacteria content is estimated, early warning in advance is achieved, the instructions are more precise, the energy consumption is effectively reduced, the early warning of high-risk environment is timely, the occurrence of mass healthevents is reduced, meanwhile the process can be tracked, and the result can be traced.