The invention discloses a list successive cancellation decoding method for polar codes, belonging to the technical field of wireless channel coding. In searching of a code tree, a candidate path list is updated as follows: each candidate path in a previous layer of candidate path list is expanded, and a reliable measurement value of each expanded path is computed; then, expanded paths, the reliable measurement values of which are less than the reliable measurement threshold of the current layer, are eliminated, it is determined whether the quantity of left expanded paths is greater than a preset maximum list length lmax, if yes, expanded paths among the left expanded paths, the reliable measurement values of which are the minimum, are eliminated, and the quantity of the last remaining expanded paths is not greater than lmax; and finally, the paths are selected adaptively. Loose ranking of the measurement values of the paths is combined with existing self-adaption polar decoder, so that the apparatus is guaranteed to have the same detection performance as conventional decoders, and decoding complexity is greatly lowered.