The invention discloses a super-heterodyne ultra-short wave transceiving channel system, and the system comprises N antennas, N switch combinations, N reception channel units and N emission channel units, wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and each antenna corresponds to one switch combination, one reception channel unit and one emission channel unit; each receiving channelcomprises a low noise amplifier module, two power dividers, two paths of preselection filter banks, a first low noise amplifier, a second low noise amplifier, a first down converter, a second down converter, a first intermediate frequency amplification filter circuit and a second intermediate frequency amplification filter circuit, and each transmitting channel unit comprises an intermediate frequency bandwidth selection unit, a first up converter, a third local oscillator, a preselection filter bank and a power amplifier unit. According to the super-heterodyne ultra-short wave transceiving system, one-time frequency conversion is adopted, the circuit complexity is reduced, multi-channel integration is facilitated, the intermediate frequency is improved, and the intermediate frequency bandwidth is conveniently expanded.